Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment最新文献

{"title":"Soil organic carbon content and stability of different cropping patterns depends on the distribution and stability of aggregates in the hilly area of central Sichuan basin","authors":"Yong Chen ,&nbsp;Yingqi Li ,&nbsp;Gaozi Zhou ,&nbsp;Ying Liu ,&nbsp;Tao Cao ,&nbsp;Guoke Wang ,&nbsp;Junsheng Wang ,&nbsp;Haixian Jiao ,&nbsp;Huifang Xiao ,&nbsp;Sixi Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou ,&nbsp;Fei Deng ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Lei ,&nbsp;Wanjun Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To assess the effects of cropping patterns on soil organic carbon (SOC) content, aggregate distribution, and stability, a 2-year experiment was conducted from 2021 to 2023 based on a long-term trial located in a typical hilly area of central Sichuan basin of China. The experiment was a two-factor split-plot design, with the primary factor being cropping patterns (M), which included three systems: winter fallow paddy-rice (FR), potato-rice (PR), and potato-maize (PM). The secondary factor was straw return mode (S): straw returned to field (RS) and straw not returned to field (NS). The results showed that SOC content was significantly higher in the FR system compared to the PR and PM systems, with no significant difference between the PR and PM systems. The FR system improved the aggregate stability by increasing the content of large aggregates (&gt;0.25 mm) (42.53 %-75.28 %), but it also exhibited the highest content of unprotected organic carbon. In contrast, the PR and PM systems had higher SOC stability than the FR system, with the PR system showing the highest content of microaggregate (16.90 %-45.85 %) and microaggregate-associated organic carbon, which led to a higher proportion of physically protected organic carbon. The PM system was dominated by small aggregates and had the highest content of physico-chemically and physico-biochemically protected organic carbon in a closed-accumulation state. The results of the PLS-PM analysis suggested that soil aggregate characteristics influence SOC sequestration through both direct and indirect effects. In summary, the particle size distribution of aggregates varied across different cropping systems, affecting the stabilization and protection mechanisms of the aggregates, which in turn influenced the SOC content and stability. The FR system had higher SOC content but lower stability, whereas the PR and PM systems had lower SOC content but higher stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109714"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global change drivers alter weed performance and threaten forage production in an Andean agroecosystem","authors":"Anna M. Visscher ,&nbsp;Steven Vanek ,&nbsp;Jhon Huaraca ,&nbsp;Jamelith Mendoza ,&nbsp;Raul Ccanto ,&nbsp;Katherin Meza ,&nbsp;Edgar Olivera ,&nbsp;Steven J. Fonte","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change and other global drivers threaten the long-term sustainability of production systems in the Andean highlands. Impacts on forage production and weed competition have important implications for farmer livelihoods but have received only limited attention. This study examines the impact of key global change drivers on the performance of the common forage, <em>Lolium multiflorum</em>, grown in competition with two important weeds of the region (<em>Rumex acetosella</em> or <em>Pennisetum clandestinum</em>). Forage-weed mixtures were grown in field mesocosms at different elevations, as a proxy for climate (3520 and 3740 m a.s.l.) and under contrasting nutrient management strategies (manure vs. synthetic fertilizer) to reflect a trend of increasing fertilizer use in the region. The findings indicate that warming conditions negatively impacted <em>L. multiflorum</em> performance, while manure inputs increased overall biomass production by 27 % relative to synthetic fertilizer. Meanwhile the impacts of amendments on weed-crop competition were plant-specific. For instance, <em>R. acetosella</em> competed better with organic manure nutrients, whereas <em>P. clandestinum</em> performed better at warmer sites amended with synthetic fertilizer. Findings from this study suggest that climate warming may exacerbate weed pressures, threatening crop production and food security in Andean landscapes. Additionally, continued reliance on traditional nutrient management, instead of synthetic fertilizers, may help support forage productivity and resilience under changing climate conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109692"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potato–rice and garlic–rice rotation increases soil phosphorus availability through phosphate-solubiliing bacteria and root exudates in upland–paddy cropping systems","authors":"Qi Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhiping Yang ,&nbsp;Tao Wang ,&nbsp;Yong Fu ,&nbsp;Xueping Yue ,&nbsp;Haixiao Xia ,&nbsp;Youfeng Tao ,&nbsp;Fei Deng ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Lei ,&nbsp;Yong Chen ,&nbsp;Wanjun Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Various agricultural soils contain substantial phosphorus (P); however, crops frequently fail to fully utilize it. Assessing the P status of upland–paddy cropping soil is essential for efficient use of stored P in the soil and minimizing reliance on external P input, thereby mitigating environmental pollution. We examined P availability and changes in inorganic P fractions, identified the key inorganic P fractions that affect P availability, and explored the mechanisms underlying for P availability with regard to rhizosphere traits and P-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) in upland–paddy cropping systems. Three upland–paddy cropping systems, <em>i.e.</em>, garlic–rice (GR), wheat–rice (WR), and potato–rice (PR), were evaluated in multiple cropping regions during 2018–2019 and 2019–2020. Soil P availability, inorganic P fractions, PSB, rhizosphere traits, and their relationships, were investigated. The apparent P balances were in surplus, with a significant proportion of input P (52.38 %–97.61 %) either present in the soil or lost. Soil available P and the P activation coefficient were ranked as PR &gt; GR &gt;WR; however, the environmental risk threshold of GR and PR exceeded that of WR. The effective P and slow-release P sources in GR (4.40 % and 51.01 %, respectively) and PR (5.55 % and 51.53 %, respectively) were higher than those in WR (3.70 % and 39.37 %, respectively). In comparison, the potential P sources were higher in WR (56.63 %) than in GR (44.57 %) and PR (42.92 %). Soil inorganic P accounted for 47.72 %–73.50 % of total P. The key inorganic P fractions were Ca₂-P, Ca₈-P, Fe-P, and O-P in GR; Ca₂-P, Ca₈-P, and Fe-P in PR; and Ca₂-P, Ca₈-P Al-P, Fe-P and Ca₁₀-P in WR. Except for acid phosphatase, organic acids had the strongest influence on P availability in GR, and PSB were the most important influence factor in PR. In WR, PSB, acid phosphatase, or organic acids had a weaker effect. Thus, compared to WR, PR and GR had higher P availability by changing inorganic P fractions and improving the PSB abundance and rhizosphere traits. PR and GR had great potential for reducing P fertilizer usage and mitigating environmental risks. These findings may provide a theoretical basis for utilizing residual P in soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109721"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of microplastics on soil microbial diversity and community structure revealed by meta-analysis","authors":"Fulai Yan ,&nbsp;Cecilie Hermansen ,&nbsp;Trine Norgaard","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastic (MP) pollution presents complex and multifaceted effects on soil ecosystems, highlighting its significant impact and the necessity for further research. However, drawing definitive conclusions regarding its effects on soil microbial communities remains challenging due to inconsistent finding and varying influencing factors. To address this gap, we conducted a meta-analysis of 86 studies to investigate the effects of MP applications on soil microbial biomass, diversity, and community structure. We found that MP applications had negligible effects on microbial biomass. In contrast, MP applications significantly influenced microbial diversity and community structure. Specifically, MP applications caused a 2.0 % reduction in the bacterial Shannon index and led to pronounced changes in bacterial community structure. Both biodegradable and conventional MP reduced bacterial richness and Shannon index, but biodegradable MP exhibited a more pronounced impact. When considering MP shape, fiber-shaped MP increased bacterial richness by 11.6 % compared to other MP types. In terms of size, MP &gt; 100 μm reduced the bacterial Shannon index by 2.4 %. The soil bacterial richness and Shannon index were negatively correlated with MP content in the soil. Additionally, the soil fungal richness and Shannon index were negatively correlated with the MP exposure duration, while fungal beta diversity was positively correlated with the MP exposure duration. Additionally, evaluating the effect of MP on soil microbial communities, soil texture also played an important role, as coarse-textured soils enhanced fungal richness, while medium-textured soils experienced declines in bacterial and fungal diversity after MP addition. These findings suggest that MP-induced changes in microbial diversity and community composition may influence key soil functions, such as nutrient cycling and soil fertility, which are critical for maintaining soil health and agricultural productivity. Therefore, understanding the influence of MP properties and soil textures on microbial communities is essential for assessing the broader implications of MP pollution on sustainable agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109720"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not all flowers' visitors are pollinators: Combining indicators to identify their role in the cocoa pollination service","authors":"Isabelle Merle ,&nbsp;Jimmy Trinidad Pico Rosado ,&nbsp;Nelly Judith Paredes Andrade ,&nbsp;Xavier Argout ,&nbsp;Fabrice Requier","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animal pollination is critical for wild plant reproduction and crop yield. However, not all flower visitors are necessarily pollinators. Using cocoa (<em>Theobroma cacao</em> L.) as a case study, we explored a combination of indicators to assess the effectiveness of flower visitors as pollinators. We first investigated the potential trade-off between the quality and quantity of pollen deposited on the limitation of pollination success in a hand pollination trial under controlled conditions. We found that the fruit set and ovule fecundation rate are mainly driven by the quantity of pollen grain deposited. We then conducted transects and video monitoring in the field in Ecuador to compare the performance of cocoa flower visitors as pollinators using several indicators. We found that small crawling arthropods, in particular ants and aphids, proved to be promising pollinators, with a higher level of pollination with viable pollen being observed on the flowers they visited. Ants were even more efficient than other visitors in depositing significant numbers of pollen grains on the styles. Instead, stingless bees and microdiptera were less efficient when depositing pollen, but complementary to small crawling arthropods in the time of flower visits. Interestingly, we found that others cocoa flower visitors were detrimental to the pollination service, such as hemipteran nymphs and caterpillars. We conclude that cocoa plantation management focused on increasing the complementarity of pollinator visits, acting at different periods of the day and with distinct behaviours, could improve pollination services, and that the use of multiple indicators should be advocated in future research to assess pollinator effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109716"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the sustainability potential of perennial rice in southeastern China by comparing yield, environmental impacts and economic benefits","authors":"Hailong Xu ,&nbsp;Bianhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Qin ,&nbsp;Jinying Li ,&nbsp;Chaojie Lan ,&nbsp;Jingnan Zou ,&nbsp;Yazhou Liu ,&nbsp;Chunlin Guo ,&nbsp;Zhimin Lin ,&nbsp;Qiaohong Fan ,&nbsp;Changxun Fang ,&nbsp;Zhixing Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongfei Chen ,&nbsp;Wenfei Wang ,&nbsp;Weiwei Lin ,&nbsp;Wenxiong Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The perennial rice (PR) cultivation system is an ecologically sustainable and environmentally-friendly approach that offers enhanced resource efficiency, thereby presenting the potential to supplant traditional double-cropping rice (DR) and ratoon rice (RR) systems in China's southeastern region. However, there is still a dearth of comprehensive studies examining the yield, carbon and nitrogen footprints, economic benefits, and carbon budget balance associated with PR. This study systematically compares the performance of PR, DR, and RR cultivation systems in terms of yield, direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, carbon and nitrogen footprint, net ecological-economic benefits (NEEB), and net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB), based on field trials conducted from 2022 to 2024. The results from three years of research indicated that the annual yield of PR was comparable to that of DR and RR. However, PR exhibited a significant reduction in direct GHG emissions, which were 21.7 %–25.91 % lower than those of DR. Similarly, the carbon and nitrogen footprint of PR were reduced by 19.34 %–25.87 % and 7.12 %–9.17 %, respectively, while the carbon and nitrogen footprint per unit yield decreased by 16.76 %–28.02 % and 7.29 %–9.17 %. Additionally, the annual energy input of PR was reduced by 26.74 % and 2.10 % compared to DR and RR. In terms of economic benefits, the NEEB of PR was 83.24 % higher than that of DR and 10.85 % greater than that of RR. Furthermore, NECB of PR was significantly higher than that of DR and RR, with increases ranging from 15.77 % to 37.87 % and from 15.30 % to 43.45 %, respectively. These advantages were primarily attributed to reductions in methane emissions (CH₄), ammonia volatilization (NH₃), and lower indirect agricultural inputs. The findings suggest that despite the comparable yield of PR to that of DR and RR over the three-year trial, its significant advantages in terms of carbon and nitrogen footprints, energy input, and economic benefits indicate that PR represents a highly promising sustainable agricultural model for the southeastern region of China. It has the potential to maintain high productivity while reducing resource inputs and environmental pressures. In the future, further optimization of PR breeding and cultivation management may result in higher and more stable yields while maintaining low energy inputs and environmental costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"390 ","pages":"Article 109717"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wild bees outperform managed bees in density-dependent pollination for alfalfa reproduction","authors":"Sachurula Bao ,&nbsp;Hui Zhu ,&nbsp;Petra Wester ,&nbsp;Wenhui Wang ,&nbsp;Zhijian Li ,&nbsp;Bingzhong Ren ,&nbsp;Debin Yan ,&nbsp;Ho Yi Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global pollinator declines underscore the urgency of assessing bee pollination, and its impacts on crop yield. Although the independent effects of bee species and density on pollination are acknowledged, their interplay remains understudied, particularly concerning visitation quantity and quality. Using a flight cage experiment, we examined the foraging behaviors of two managed bees (honeybee [<em>Apis mellifera</em>], bumblebee [<em>Bombus lucorum</em>]), and one wild bee (megachilid [<em>Eutricharaea manchuriana</em>]). Additionally, we evaluated their relationships with pollen grains carried, the flower tripping rate, and seed production of alfalfa (<em>Medicago sativa</em>) at five bee density levels (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 individuals per cage). Bee species significantly differed in foraging behavior and pollination efficiency, with megachilids and bumblebees outperforming honeybees with more visits, flower transitions, pollen carriage, and floret tripping. Honeybee visitation rates increased with density. Bumblebee and megachilid visits peaked at 10 and 15 individuals per cage, respectively. The amount of pollen carried and the rates of floret tripping showed similar trends to bee density. Varied effects on alfalfa seed production were observed based on bee species and density. Higher honeybee density resulted in increased pod production, but bumblebees and megachilids exhibited nonlinear effects, suggesting that there is an optimum (10–15 individuals per cage) beyond which more bees are not beneficial. While all three bee species were effective alfalfa pollinators, the megachilids were the most effective option. Determining optimal bee density can inform pollination management strategies to enhance alfalfa seed production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 109693"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five-year assessment of multiple inter-tillage weeding on greenhouse gas emissions, rice yield, and carbon balance in organic rice farming in Hokkaido, Japan","authors":"Hiyori Namie ,&nbsp;Kasane Shimada ,&nbsp;Shuangshuang Zhao ,&nbsp;Kaho Sakaguchi ,&nbsp;Yo Toma ,&nbsp;Munehide Ishiguro ,&nbsp;Ryusuke Hatano","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109718","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109718","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional multiple inter-tillage weeding (MIW) is believed to improve rice yield and anaerobic soil conditions, reducing methane (CH₄) emissions and enhancing carbon sequestration. However, as global climate change accelerates and necessitates sustainable organic rice farming, the effects of MIW on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and carbon balance remain unclear. This study investigated whether MIW decreases CH₄ emissions, lowers global warming potential (GWP), reduces GHG intensity (GHGI) through higher yields, and enhances carbon sequestration. Field experiments were conducted in Hokkaido, Japan (2019–2023), performing MIW 0, 2, or 5 times (T0/T2/T5) without fertilizers or agrochemicals. Subsequently, we determined the GHG balance (GHGB) and net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB), measured soil temperature, redox potential (Eh), and physicochemical properties, and GHG emissions, using the closed chamber method. GHGB values were positive, indicating emissions, in the order T0 &lt; T5 &lt; T2 (30.2, 44.9, 48.0 Mg CO₂-eq ha⁻¹). NECB values were negative, indicating a loss, in the order T2 &lt; T5 &lt; T0 (-10.3, −7.96, −5.42 Mg C ha⁻¹). Contrary to our hypothesis, MIW increased CO₂ (heterotrophic respiration (RH)) and CH₄ emissions, elevating GHG emissions and carbon loss risk. However, T5 showed the lowest GHGI, suggesting improved yield efficiency. To mitigate MIW-induced carbon loss and GHG risks, the adoption of slow-decomposing organic amendments, such as biochar, or adjusting water management practices is recommended. These strategies could enhance the potential of MIW for sustainable organic rice farming. Our findings highlight the urgent need for improved MIW practices to balance yield gains and mitigate climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 109718"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responses of plant community drought resistance and resilience to warming and nitrogen addition vary with recurrent droughts in a semi-arid grassland","authors":"Haidao Wang ,&nbsp;Jian Song ,&nbsp;Yongge Fan ,&nbsp;Jianyang Xia ,&nbsp;Lin Jiang ,&nbsp;Qingshan Zhang ,&nbsp;Heng Li ,&nbsp;Jingyi Ru ,&nbsp;Jiayin Feng ,&nbsp;Lingjie Kong ,&nbsp;Jiajun Zhang ,&nbsp;Xueli Qiu ,&nbsp;Guilin Zhou ,&nbsp;Benqing Li ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Zhou ,&nbsp;Shiqiang Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate warming and atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can substantially influence the structure and functions of the terrestrial biosphere. Understanding how these factors affect community stability in the context of recurrent droughts is essential for maintaining the sustainability of ecosystem services. A five-year (2006–2010) manipulative experiment, during which two droughts occurred in 2007 and 2009, was designed to examine the influences of warming and N addition on community resistance and resilience and whether these effects vary with recurrent droughts in a semi-arid grassland. During the whole experimental period, warming enhanced community resilience by 8.4 %. Nitrogen addition decreased community resistance by 31.6 % but increased community resilience by 10.4 %. A shift of warming effects on community resistance from neutral during the first drought to negative during the second drought was observed, attributed to the suppressed rare species resistance. A substantial warming-induced reduction in rare species biomass contributed to decreased community resistance during the second drought. The influences of N addition on community resilience were reversed from positive during the first drought to negative during the second drought, driven by divergent responses among plant functional groups. In contrast to the positive N effect on dominant species resilience observed in first drought, N addition weakened dominant species resilience and the asynchrony of subordinate species, leading to declines in community resilience during the second drought. These findings highlight that interannual precipitation anomalies, particularly increasingly frequent droughts, should be incorporated when assessing the sustainability of grassland ecosystem service under future global change scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 109712"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agricultural land lacks resistance to water erosion during the wettest winters of the past decade","authors":"A.L. Collins,&nbsp;H.R. Upadhayay,&nbsp;Y. Zhang,&nbsp;L. Olde,&nbsp;H. Sint","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With changing climate and increased frequency of wet weather extremes, increased attention is being directed towards understanding the resilience of agroecosystems and the goods and services they deliver. The world's most instrumented and monitored farm (the North Wyke Fam Platform - a UK National Bioscience Research Infrastructure) has been used to explore the resilience of sediment loss regulation delivered by lowland grazing livestock and arable systems under conventional best management. The robustness of water quality regulation was explored using exceedance of modern background (i.e. pre-World War II) net soil loss rates (i.e., sediment delivery) during both typical (2012–13, 2015–16) and the most extreme (2013–14, 2019–20, 2023–24) winters (December - February, inclusive), in terms of seasonal rainfall totals, over the past ∼decade. Exceedances of maximum modern background sediment loss rates from pasture were as high as 2.4X when scheduled ploughing and reseeding for sward improvement occurred immediately prior to the winters in question. Exceedances of maximum modern background sediment loss rates in the arable system (winter wheat and spring oats) were as high as 21.7X. Over the five monitored winters, the environmental damage costs for cumulative sediment loss from the permanent pasture system ranged from £ 163–203 and £ 197–245 ha⁻¹ to £ 321–421 and £ 386–507 ha⁻¹. Over the same five winters, environmental damage costs for cumulative sediment loss from catchments subjected to reseeding and, more latterly, arable conversion, ranged between £ 382–584 and £ 461–703 ha⁻¹ to £ 1978–2334 and £ 2384–2812 ha⁻¹. Our data provide valuable quantitative insight into the impacts of winter rainfall and land use on the resilience of sediment loss regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"389 ","pages":"Article 109713"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}