Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment最新文献

{"title":"Transformation of the agricultural landscape and its influence on small terrestrial mammal communities in South Moravia (Czech Republic, Central Europe)","authors":"Jan Zejda ,&nbsp;Marta Heroldová ,&nbsp;Eva Jánová","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the last 70 years, the agricultural landscape in many formerly socialistic European countries have changed markedly. Small mammals inhabiting agricultural landscapes are one of the most influenced communities. In this manuscript, unique long-term datasets from the Czech Republic and three representative periods have been interpreted and investigated as to species composition, variation in numbers, and habitat requirements. The first study period of 1956–1963 was a time when socialist collectivisation started, the agricultural landscape was still partially under the management of small holders and a higher diversity of crops and the landscape elements persisted. Second period studied was 1983–1989 when fields were merged into big areas and intensive land use and high yields were supported by increased use of fertilizers and pesticides. The landscape diversity decreased. In both periods, species of the genus <em>Apodemus</em> and <em>Microtus arvalis</em> were the dominant species. The abundances of mice were approximately similar, however voles’ densities increased rapidly in the second period. Number of the rare species drastically decreased. The third period studied was after land reprivatisation (2008–2010). Only a small part of the land was cultivated by small farmers; most of the land continued to be farmed by large cooperatives. The diversity of planted crops and of the overall landscape increased and effort toward more ecological agricultural management occurred. In contrast to previous two studies, the research was conducted in a more variable landscape, which resulted in lower densities of captured mammals, however the species composition was similar to the 1983–1989 period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109482"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potassium mediates succession of microbial community and nitrogen functions under long-term sloping cultivation with soybean","authors":"Zhijun Chen ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Fangli Su ,&nbsp;Xuan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhidan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2024.109466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2024.109466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sloping farmland significantly increases soil erosion and the loss of nutrients and organic carbon. However, there is limited knowledge about the potential impacts of changes in soil physicochemical properties on the microbial community and its metabolic functions. Here, we investigated the responses of bacterial diversity, complexity, stability, and metabolic functions during sloping soybean cultivation over periods of 6, 6.5, and 8 years. The results indicated that long-term sloping cultivation markedly reduced the diversity of the bacterial community but noticeably increased its richness. Co-occurrence network’s links, degree, and robustness were diminished, while vulnerability increased after long-term sloping cultivation, indicating a reduction in the complexity and stability of bacterial community in sloping farmland. However, the overlapping nodes, compositional stability, and node persistence were significantly higher in sloping farmland than those in normal farmland. This result suggested that sloping cultivation selected specific core microorganisms that exhibited minimal changes over time. Those core microbes showed significantly higher metabolic functions related to the dissimilatory and assimilatory reduction of nitrate to ammonium in sloping farmland. Compared with the CK, the sloping farmland significantly increased available potassium by 37.9 %. In sloping farmland, higher available potassium was a driving factor in increasing microbial richness and enhancing compositional stability and node persistence, which further improved the potential functions of nitrate reduction to ammonium. Generally, changes in soil properties, especially the increase in available potassium, contributed to the selection of specific core microbes with a high capacity for nitrate utilization. Our findings suggested that the future utilization of sloping farmlands should consider their impacts on microbial functions, especially nitrogen metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109466"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing fertilizer nitrogen environmental safety and soil sustainability: The role of no-tillage with straw mulching in maize production","authors":"Xueying Wang ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Chen ,&nbsp;Lu Yuan ,&nbsp;Huaihai Chen ,&nbsp;Lei Yuan ,&nbsp;Yanyu Hu ,&nbsp;Xin Chen ,&nbsp;Hongtu Xie ,&nbsp;Hongbo He ,&nbsp;Xudong Zhang ,&nbsp;Caiyan Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fixation/immobilization and release/remineralization of fertilizer-derived mineral nitrogen (N) to fixed ammonium (NH₄⁺) and organic N pools are crucial in fertilizer utilization and crop N uptake. Although straw mulching reduces the gaseous and leaching losses of fertilizer N from farmlands, the dynamics of fertilizer-derived fixed NH₄⁺ and organic N and their roles in fertilizer N retention and supply in soil-crop systems remain unclear. This study utilized ¹⁵N-isotope labeling in Northeast China to assess how conventional ridge tillage (RT) and no-till systems with different straw mulch levels (NT0, NT33, NT67, and NT100) affect the accumulation and release of fertilizer-derived fixed NH₄⁺ and organic N. Compared to RT and NT0, no-tillage with straw mulching increased the conversion of fertilizer N to fixed NH₄⁺ and organic N by an average of 15.3 % and 36.5 %, respectively, at a soil depth of 0–40 cm during the maize seedling stage. The higher net release of fertilizer-derived fixed NH₄⁺ (average of 94.1 %) in a 0–40 cm soil layer suggested a high short-term N supply potential from this source during the growing season. Conversely, the limited net release of fertilizer-sourced organic N via remineralization during the vegetative phase (average of 51.3 %), coupled with the net re-immobilization of fertilizer N from the tasseling to ripening stages (average of 22.9 %), indicated a long-term N supply capacity of fertilizer-derived organic N for subsequent crops. No-tillage combined with straw mulching significantly enhanced fertilizer N use efficiency and maize yield by averages of 10.2 % and 14.8 %, respectively, compared to those of RT and NT0, demonstrating the effectiveness of these practices in optimizing fertilizer application and ensuring high crop productivity. Moreover, these conservation tillage practices enhanced fertilizer utilization and achieved sustainable agricultural outcomes by regulating the conversion and release of fertilizer N to soil-fixed NH₄⁺ and organic N pools and by improving other soil properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109480"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical and chemical soil quality and litter stock in agroforestry systems in the Eastern Amazonia","authors":"Francisco Elves Duarte de Souza ,&nbsp;Jesus de Nazaré dos Santos Oliveira ,&nbsp;Cassio Rafael Costa dos Santos ,&nbsp;Eric Victor de Oliveira Ferreira ,&nbsp;Raimundo Thiago Lima da Silva ,&nbsp;Manoel Tavares de Paula ,&nbsp;José Darlon Nascimento Alves ,&nbsp;José Sebastião Romano de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Julia Isabella de Matos Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Walmer Bruno Rocha Martins","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agroforestry systems are productive land-use strategies that combine agriculture and forestry. However, the influence of the age of these systems on soil restoration is still poorly understood and serves to inform appropriate management practices. In this context, this study aimed to investigate the potential of agroforestry systems of different ages and arrangements to restore the physical and chemical attributes of the soil and increase litter production in the Eastern Amazon. For this purpose, litter stock, chemical properties (pH, organic matter, Al³⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, K⁺, P, potential acidity, aluminum saturation, base saturation, effective cation exchange capacity, and cation exchange capacity at pH 7), and physical properties (particle density, bulk density, gravimetric moisture, volumetric moisture, and volumetric water content) of the soil were evaluated in four agroforestry systems of different ages (7-month-old, 5-year-old, 26-year-old, and 51-year-old) and in a secondary forest (70-year-old) as a reference, all located in the state of Pará, Brazilian Amazon. Only the litter stock of the 7-month-old agroforestry system (5.73 ± 1.04 Mg ha⁻¹) was lower than that of the secondary forest (11.42 ± 2.44 Mg ha⁻¹). The average values of Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, K⁺, P, organic matter, effective exchange capacity, and base sum found in the oldest agroforestry system were like those in the secondary forest at the surface soil depth, while for the physical attributes, all properties showed similar average values between these two ecosystems. The three younger agroforestry systems stored more water and had higher average pH values, indicating that soil acidity correction and preparation before implementation contribute to the improvement of these characteristics. Moreover, the maturity of the agroforestry systems increased functionality, such as nutrient cycling and water retention. Some important attributes, such as base saturation and organic matter, tend to stabilize over time, decreasing and increasing, respectively. Thus, even after decades of shifting cultivation, the adoption of agroforestry systems gradually restores the chemical and physical integrity of the soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109479"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving cropland soil water management to promote soil organic carbon increase through organic material returning in cold black soil areas","authors":"Hao Pei ,&nbsp;Yu Miao ,&nbsp;Anni Liang ,&nbsp;Qiang Liu ,&nbsp;Ruixing Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Manure returning (OMR) and straw returning (SWR) practices are widely adopted to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, whereas the effects are minimal in cold black soil areas. The issue may be a mismatch between environmental factors and the choice of returning material, which remains unclear. Here, six sites (each site process manure and straw returning croplands) in the western Northeast China Plain (Fuyu, Longjiang, Tailai, Baiquan, and Kedong Counties, and Nehe City) were chosen to investigate the impact of soil properties (soil clay content [Clay], initial soil pH values [pH], and initial soil organic carbon concentration [initial SOC]), management practices (years of fertilization [Year] and carbon input [C input]), and climate factors (mean annual temperature [MAT], mean annual precipitation [MAP] and mean annual wind speed [WS]) on soil organic carbon concentration (SOC_c). The results showed that in Longjiang and Tailai Counties, OMR had a significantly higher than SWR on SOC_c, whereas in the other four sites, OMR was significantly lower than SWR on SOC_c. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and variance partitioning analysis (VPA) revealed that with OMR, climatic factors, management practices, and soil properties accounted for 40.8 %, 34.9 %, and 20.6 % of the SOC_c, respectively. While with SWR, these factors explained 53.6 %, 12.6 %, and 31.2 %. Among variables, WS was the most influential variable affecting SOC_c changes under OMR, with MAP ranked second in importance. For SWR, Clay and MAP were identified as the two most importance factors. Additionally, SOC is accrul in the part of silt and clay (&lt;0.053 mm) under OMR. For SWR, SOC is accrul in the part of macro-aggregates (&gt;0.25 mm). Thus, for organic materials returning, improving soil water management can promote increased SOC_c. And matching sandy soils to SWR and controlling wind speed during OMR can increase SOC_c effectively. Match organic material returning to multiple factors, emphasizing climate, can lead to more effective increases in SOC_c.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109470"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing agricultural development and biodiversity conservation with rapid urbanization: Insights from multiscale bird diversity in rural landscapes","authors":"Yixue Chen ,&nbsp;Yuhong Liu ,&nbsp;Xuanbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiayuan Liu ,&nbsp;Min Chen ,&nbsp;Cheng Chen ,&nbsp;Ghulam Mustafa ,&nbsp;Shuqing An ,&nbsp;Hai-Ying Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2024.109460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2024.109460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Land-use shifts in agricultural regions are major drivers of avian habitat loss in developing countries. However, current studies on bird diversity in agricultural landscapes are still lacking in a major farming country like China. This study examined the impact of village modernization and agricultural intensification on bird diversity across three distinctly modernized rural areas in Jiangsu Province, China. A total of 184 transects were established to assess local and landscape-scale bird species responses. The findings indicated that village modernization significantly reduced bird species richness and abundance, overshadowing the effects of agricultural intensification. Red-listed species were particularly vulnerable to these changes. In contrast, less agricultural and rural modernization (ARM) areas served as seasonal stepping stones and absorbed bird spillovers for local birds. Notably, at smaller scales, high species turnover (approximately 98 %) and dissimilarity (β-diversity &gt; 0.7) suggested stochastic distribution, whereas landscape-scale environmental filtering promoted homogenization (β-diversity ∼0.35). These patterns align with island biogeography theory, which appears to elucidate the ecological dynamics observed. China is at a critical juncture in agricultural development and farmland biodiversity conservation, particularly regions with extensive ARM face significant challenges. Polder landscapes and diverse farmlands prove crucial for sustaining biodiversity in agroecosystems. The study underscores the importance of integrating long-term biodiversity conservation with agricultural development, emphasizing the need to preserve biodiversity hotspots and establish ecological networks to support rural avian populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109460"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consistent soil organic carbon accumulation under hedges driven by increase in light particulate organic matter","authors":"Sofia Biffi ,&nbsp;Pippa J. Chapman ,&nbsp;Richard P. Grayson ,&nbsp;Joseph Holden ,&nbsp;Jonathan R. Leake ,&nbsp;Holly Armitage ,&nbsp;Sarah F.P. Hunt ,&nbsp;Guy Ziv","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hedgerow planting is recommended by biodiversity policies and those that promote the inclusion of woody plants in agricultural landscapes to sequester atmospheric carbon into the soil. However, the extent and variability of soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration under hedges are not known. We measured SOC stock beneath hedges in five pedoclimatic conditions in the UK to quantify the SOC sequestration potential associated with hedgerow planting. We measured SOC stocks in 10 cm intervals in the top 50 cm of soil or to bedrock, comparing 46 hedges of different age classes and their adjacent grassland fields. We assessed how additional SOC stocks and SOC sequestration rates under hedges varied with covariates of climate and soil properties. The mean additional SOC stock under hedges was consistent across pedoclimatic conditions at ∼40 Mg C ha⁻¹ more than improved grassland fields. On average, SOC stocks beneath hedges were 40 % higher than in adjacent fields at 0–50 cm depth, with older hedges storing greater additional SOC stock at depth than younger hedges. The additional stock was driven by an increase in light particulate organic matter (l‐POM), due to increased leaf and root litter inputs under woody vegetation. The mean SOC sequestration rate of mature hedges was 1.5 (1.0–2.0) Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ while the net SOC sequestration rates over time since hedgerow planting declined from 4.2 to 0.2 Mg CO₂ km⁻¹ yr⁻¹ within the first 20 years. Our results will aid future land-use related carbon accounting and inform climate change mitigation practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109471"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restoration of degraded soils with perennial pastures shifts soil microbial communities and enhances soil structure","authors":"Carla L. Abán ,&nbsp;Giovanni Larama ,&nbsp;Antonella Ducci ,&nbsp;Jorgelina Huidobro ,&nbsp;Daniela C. Sabaté ,&nbsp;Silvina Vargas Gil ,&nbsp;Carolina Pérez Brandán","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The expansion of agricultural lands has been associated with significant degradation of soil ecosystems. Traditional agricultural practices such as monoculture, minimal crop rotations, excessive pesticide use, and intensive tillage have resulted in soil degradation, negatively impacting nutrient cycling, carbon sequestration, biodiversity, and water retention. This study aimed to investigate the transition from a 50-year-old degraded soil to an intermediate stage of restoration achieved through a 12-year revegetation using the perennial pasture <em>Brachiaria brizantha</em>. Soil chemical, physical, and microbiological properties and the changes in microbial abundance on the bacterial 16S rRNA gene were assessed. Our results indicate that <em>Brachiaria brizantha</em>, through its associated bacterial microbiome, significantly improved soil chemical, physical, and microbiological properties, enhancing soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and aggregate stability, with aggregate stability emerging as the principal factor being influenced by the bacterial community. The introduction of <em>Brachiaria</em> pastures exhibited enrichment of <em>Nitrosomonadaceae</em>, <em>Sphingomonas,</em> and <em>Gemmatimonas</em>, facilitating nitrogen cycling processes and increased carbon and nitrogen microbial biomass. This transition suggests a partial restoration of soil microbial biodiversity and functions, highlighting the potential of <em>Brachiaria brizantha</em> as an effective tool for soil restoration and sustainable agricultural practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109472"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Context dependencies in the responses of plant biomass and surface soil organic carbon content to nitrogen addition and precipitation change within alpine grasslands","authors":"Fawei Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongqin Li ,&nbsp;Jingbin Zhu ,&nbsp;Chunyu Wang ,&nbsp;Yunlong He ,&nbsp;Juntao Zhu ,&nbsp;Qiang Yu ,&nbsp;Huakun Zhou ,&nbsp;Yingnian Li ,&nbsp;Naishen Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alpine grasslands store vast amounts of organic carbon and are susceptible to global change. However, the responses of ecosystem carbon storage to synchronous atmospheric nitrogen deposition and altered precipitation regimes, along with the potential environmental mechanisms, remain uncertain. Here, we investigated the responses of aboveground and belowground biomass (AGB and BGB, respectively) and surface (0 −10 cm) soil organic carbon content (SOCC) to nitrogen addition (slow-release urea, 10 g m^–2 year^–1) and changing precipitation (50 % increases and decreases, respectively) via a coordinated experiment distributed across three alpine grasslands (dense alpine meadow from 2017 to 2022, alpine meadow from 2017 to 2020, and alpine steppe from 2017 to 2020) on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Nitrogen-related treatments increased AGB significantly (by 20.9 %−25.1 %) in the dense alpine meadow, and the treatment of nitrogen addition plus a 50 % decrease in precipitation (N − 50 %) increased AGB by 59.8 % in the alpine steppe, when compared with the control. The N − 50 % treatment increased BGB (by 29.8 %) only in the dense alpine meadow. The SOCC of alpine grasslands exhibited an undetectable response to all treatments. Random forest model analysis showed that the spatiotemporal variations of the response ratio (RR) of AGB, BGB, and SOCC were jointly controlled by air temperature and their context (the mean values of the respective controls). Piecewise structural equation modeling confirmed the effects of context and further revealed that the RR of SOCC was balanced by the negative effects of SOCC context and positive effects of the RR of AGB. Variation partitioning analysis consistently showed that the RR of ecosystem carbon storage was regulated by the intersections of context combined with climate and treatment, rather than by individual effects. Our findings reveal a higher stabilization of belowground properties than aboveground biomass to short-term nitrogen addition and precipitation change within alpine grasslands. These results highlight the importance of context and temperature in terms of future climate impacts on alpine grassland ecosystem carbon storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"381 ","pages":"Article 109475"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet and landscape controls on greenhouse gas emissions from cattle excreta in a semi-arid environment","authors":"Jiancan Liu ,&nbsp;J. Diane Knight ,&nbsp;Reynald L. Lemke ,&nbsp;Helen M. Baulch ,&nbsp;Richard E. Farrell","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109469","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sod-seeding low productivity, or depleted, pastures with legumes, and non-bloat legumes in particular, is considered a viable method of restoring productivity to the pasture. However, the impact of the change in plant composition of the pastures on GHG emissions from the urine and dung deposited by cattle grazing the pastures is as yet unknown. Excreta were collected from beef cattle grazing a low productivity, depleted meadow bromegrass-alfalfa mixed pasture (D-MA) and D-MA pastures rejuvenated by sod-seeding with a non-bloat legume, cicer milkvetch (R-CM) or sainfoin (R-SF). The excreta were subsequently applied back to the respective pastures at locations in upper and lower slope positions. In general, plant composition of the pastures had a small but significant impact on the C and N content of the cattle excreta; however, this yielded no significant differences among treatments in either cumulative CO₂ emissions or cumulative CH₄ uptake for either the urine or dung. Yet, whereas CH₄ uptake was unaffected by the application of either urine or dung, urine applications yielded CO₂ emissions that were greater than those from the control or dung-amended treatments. Nitrous oxide emissions were significantly impacted by the chemical composition of the urine, and here we report distinct N₂O emission factors for urine and dung—with an average <em>EF</em>_<em>N2O</em> of 0.034 ± 0.024 % for dung and 0.12 ± 0.10 % for the urine from cattle that grazed the depleted and rejuvenated pastures. Our data also suggest that, for urine at least, diet can significantly impact the <em>EF</em>_<em>N2O</em>, with urine from cattle grazing the R-CM pasture yielding an <em>EF</em>_<em>N2O</em> of 0.24 ± 0.10 % and urine from confined beef cattle fed a high crude protein, total mixed ration (TMR) diet yielding an <em>EF</em>_<em>N2O</em> of 0.39 ± 0.13 %. These findings suggest that a disaggregation of emission factors based on excreta type and animal diet, while also considering temporal (seasonal) and spatial (landscape-scale) variability, can lead to improved accuracy of GHG emissions inventories.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109469"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}