Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts最新文献

{"title":"The gas phase ozonolysis and secondary OH production of cashmeran, a musk compound from fragrant volatile chemical products.","authors":"Ayomide A Akande, Nadine Borduas-Dedekind","doi":"10.1039/d4em00452c","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4em00452c","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fragrant personal care products are a subset of volatile chemical products (VCPs), an emerging source of outdoor pollutants capable of impacting air quality. Fragrant molecules, such as musks, are used in perfumes and have been found in aquatic organisms, water bodies, indoor air, and urban environments. Considering the distribution of musk-smelling compounds, there is a need to constrain their atmospheric fate indoors and outdoors. Here, we used a Vocus proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer to quantify the atmospheric oxidative fate of cashmeran, a bicyclic musk compound, detected in a commercial perfume alongside galaxolide, astratone and rosamusk. Cashmeran concentrations rose up to 0.35 ppbv representing a mass yield of 0.33 ± 0.04% of the perfume. We determined the second order rate constant of the cyclo-addition of O₃ with cashmeran to be (2.78 ± 0.31) × 10^-19 cm³ molec^-1 s^-1 at 293 ± 1 K in N₂. This rate constant corresponds to an 85 day lifetime against 20 ppbv of O₃. Then, we repeated the ozonolysis experiments in air with 20% O₂ and measured significant secondary OH concentrations up to 5.1 × 10⁵ molec cm^-3. Consequently, the lifetime of cashmeran in our experiment was shortened to 5 h. Thus, the oxidation of fragrant molecules, like cashmeran, could alter the oxidative capacity of indoor air <i>via</i> the production of secondary OH radicals. Furthermore, our results show that cashmeran is long-lived and could serve as a VCP tracer in urban air.</p>","PeriodicalId":74,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142542945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leachability of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances from contaminated concrete†","authors":"Prashant Srivastava, Grant Douglas, Greg B. Davis, Rai S. Kookana, Canh Tien Trinh Nguyen, Mike Williams, Karl Bowles and Jason K. Kirby","doi":"10.1039/D4EM00482E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EM00482E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The historical use and storage of aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF) containing per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) at a range of sites including airports, defence, and port facilities have resulted in a legacy of contaminated infrastructure such as concrete. Contaminated concrete constitutes an ongoing source of PFAS contamination requiring management to ensure the protection of human health and the environment. In this study, modified Leaching Environmental Assessment Framework (LEAF) and Australian Standard Leaching Procedure (ASLP) were used to examine the leachability of PFAS, specifically, perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) and perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) from AFFF-contaminated concrete collected from an Australian Defence Fire Training Area (FTA). In general, PFAS readily leached from intact contaminated concrete monoliths with the cumulative proportion (%) decreasing in the order: PFHxA (&gt;95%) &gt; PFOS (26–84%) ≈ PFHxS (14–78%) &gt; PFOA (&lt;1–54%). Higher leachability for PFHxA from concrete is consistent with previous findings for solids, however, inconsistent for PFOA with higher retention (lower leachability) in concrete as compared to PFOS. Duration of exposure to water (0.5–48 h) and temperature (25 °C and 50 °C) had little influence on the proportion of PFAS leachability from powdered concrete. A higher proportion of PFAS leached from a &lt;2 mm concrete powder size fraction as compared to 2–20 mm and 20 mm size fractions. This behavior reflects an increase in surface area with decreasing concrete particle size. Reducing the particle size could enhance PFAS removal from waste concrete.</p>","PeriodicalId":74,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts","volume":" 12","pages":" 2227-2239"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/em/d4em00482e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degradation of norfloxacin by the synergistic effect of micro–nano bubbles and sodium hypochlorite: kinetics, influencing factors and pathways†","authors":"Guijuan Li, Yan Cheng, Mengyao Jing, Dan Zhang, Yufei Ma and Shengke Yang","doi":"10.1039/D4EM00490F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EM00490F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study thoroughly investigated the degradation of norfloxacin (NOR) under the influence of micro–nanobubbles (MNBs) and sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), focusing on their synergistic effects. The impact of various environmental factors, including NaClO concentration, pH, inorganic anions, and surfactants, on NOR degradation efficiency within the MNBs/NaClO system was systematically assessed. The basic properties of the MNBs/NaClO system and the degradation kinetics of NOR were explored. The degradation products and pathways of NOR were explored to reveal the degradation mechanism of antibiotics in the MNBs/NaClO system by employing density functional theory (DFT) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The redox potential of the MNBs/NaClO system exhibited significantly superior properties than the single system, with bubble sizes predominantly in the nanoscale. The degradation kinetics of NOR adhered to a pseudo-first-order reaction model, with optimal degradation occurring at a 0.025% NaClO volume concentration. Acidic conditions promoted the degradation of NOR, and alkaline conditions inhibited the degradation of NOR. Inorganic anions PO<small>₄</small><small>³⁻</small>, HCO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small>, and CO<small>₃</small><small>²⁻</small> in the water matrix led to strong inhibition of NOR degradation. Cationic surfactants accelerated the degradation process of NOR, while anionic and nonionic surfactants had a consistent inhibitory effect on the degradation of NOR. Based on the degradation behavior, three potential pathways for NOR degradation were proposed: quinolone group transformation, defluorination reaction, piperazine ring cracking and quinolone ring decomposition. This research contributes a novel technical approach for addressing antibiotic pollution and offers a theoretical framework for understanding the fate of antibiotics in the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":74,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts","volume":" 12","pages":" 2189-2202"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longevity of size-dependent particle removal performance of do-it-yourself box fan air filters.","authors":"Theresa Pistochini, Graham Jaeger, Christopher D Cappa, Richard L Corsi","doi":"10.1039/d4em00406j","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4em00406j","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Filtration performance of do-it-yourself (DIY) box fan filters deployed across a university campus was assessed over an academic year. Four DIY air filters were constructed from box fans and air filters with a minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) of 13 and deployed in four spaces (two laboratories that include sources of particles and two offices). They were operated 9 hours daily with a programmable timer and were continuously monitored with power meters. Particle concentrations in the spaces were continuously monitored with low-cost nephelometers. The particle size dependent clean air delivery rate (CADR) and single pass filtration efficiency for each box was measured in a laboratory before deployment and every 10 weeks, for a total of five measurements over 40 weeks. We find that these DIY box fan filters maintain robust performance over time, with each air filter maintaining at least 60% of its initial CADR at the end of the 40 week study even with daily operation in environments with modest particle concentrations. CADR values for particles of 1.0-3.0 μm optical diameter averaged 34% higher than CADR values for 0.35-1.0 μm particles, aligning with MERV 13 filter size-dependent filtration expectations. Reductions in CADR over time were attributed to a reduction in filtration efficiency, likely due to a loss of filter electrostatic charge over time. There was no strong indication that increased resistance due to particle accumulation on filters appreciably decreased flow rates over time for any of the fans. The long-term robustness of DIY box fan air filters demonstrates their validity as a cost-effective, high performance, alternative to portable high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters.</p>","PeriodicalId":74,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and theoretical investigation of benzothiazole oxidation by OH in air and the role of O2†","authors":"Natalia V. Karimova, Weihong Wang, R. Benny Gerber and Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts","doi":"10.1039/D4EM00461B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EM00461B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Benzothiazole (BTH) and its derivatives are amongst a group of emerging contaminants that are widely distributed in the environment due to their extensive use in many different consumer products. In air, reaction with the hydroxyl radical (OH) is expected to be a major loss process for BTH in the gas phase, but the kinetics and mechanisms are unknown. Here, we report a combination of experiments and theory to determine both the rate constant and products of the reaction of OH with the smallest member of the series, benzothiazole, in the gas phase. The mechanism first involves an attack by OH on BTH to produce several OHBTH intermediates. This is followed by O<small>₂</small> reactions with OHBTH, leading to several stable products successfully predicted by theory. Relative rate studies at 1 atm in air and 298 K using benzene as a reference gave a rate constant for the BTH + OH reaction of 2.1 ± 0.1 × 10<small>⁻¹²</small> (1<em>σ</em>) cm<small>³</small> per molecule per s, which translates to a lifetime in air of 5.5 days at 1 × 10<small>⁶</small> OH cm<small>⁻³</small>. Four hydroxybenzothiazole products reflecting attack on different carbon atoms of the benzene ring were measured (<em>n</em>-OHBTH, where <em>n</em> = 4, 5, 6, 7), with the relative product yields well predicted by the calculated formation energies of the pre-reaction OH⋯BTH complex. Attack of OH on the –CH of the thiazole ring leads to the formation of 2-OHBTH, representing a smaller fraction of the overall reaction, and is shown to proceed through a more complex mechanism than attack on the benzene ring. A theoretical approach to predicting chromatographic retention times of the products based on solvation free energies (Δ<em>G</em><small>_solv</small>) was successful for most of the products. These studies illustrate how the powerful combination of experiment and theory can be used to predict products of atmospheric oxidation of emerging contaminants and ultimately used to assess their impacts on the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":74,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts","volume":" 12","pages":" 2177-2188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyethylene microplastics affect behavioural, oxidative stress, and molecular responses in the Drosophila model","authors":"Himanshu Ranjan, Swetha Senthil Kumar, Sharine Priscilla, Subhashini Swaminathan, Masakazu Umezawa and Sahabudeen Sheik Mohideen","doi":"10.1039/D4EM00537F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EM00537F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The escalating presence of microplastic pollution poses a significant environmental threat, with far-reaching implications for both ecosystems and human health. This study investigated the toxicological impact of polyethylene microplastics (PE MPs) using <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em>, fruit flies, as a model organism. <em>Drosophila</em> were exposed to PE MPs orally at concentrations of 1 mg ml<small>⁻¹</small> and 10 mg ml<small>⁻¹</small> agar food. The study assessed behavioural parameters and biochemical markers including reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione-<em>S</em>-transferase (GST) activity. The expression levels of key genes (<em>Hsp70Bc</em>, <em>rpr</em>, and <em>p53</em>) were also analysed using the RT-qPCR technique. Results indicated a significant decline in climbing activity among adult flies and crawling behaviour in larvae, indicating potential disruption of motor function. Biochemical analysis revealed elevated ROS levels, indicative of oxidative stress, in both larval and fly stages. Moreover, the antioxidant defence system exhibited decreased SOD activity and a concentration-dependent increase in GST activity indicating the functioning of a quick xenobiotic clearance mechanism. Gene expression analysis demonstrated upregulation of <em>rpr</em>, <em>p53</em>, and <em>Hsp70Bc</em> genes, suggesting activation of cell death pathways and stress response mechanisms. Overall, these findings underline the adverse effects of PE MPs on <em>Drosophila</em>, including behavioural impairment, oxidative stress, and activation of stress response pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":74,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts","volume":" 12","pages":" 2203-2214"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/em/d4em00537f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142556589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic aerosol formation from 222 nm germicidal light: ozone-initiated <i>vs.</i> non-ozone pathways.","authors":"Matthew B Goss, Jesse H Kroll","doi":"10.1039/d4em00384e","DOIUrl":"10.1039/d4em00384e","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Germicidal ultraviolet lamps outputting 222 nm light (GUV₂₂₂) have the potential to reduce the airborne spread of disease through effective inactivation of pathogens, while remaining safe for direct human exposure. However, recent studies have identified these lamps as a source of ozone and other secondary pollutants such as secondary organic aerosol (SOA), and the health effects of these pollutants must be balanced against the benefits of pathogen inactivation. While ozone reactions are likely to account for much of this secondary indoor air pollution, 222 nm light may initiate additional non-ozone chemical processes, including the formation of other oxidants and direct photolytic reactions, which are not as well understood. This work examines the impacts of GUV₂₂₂ on SOA formation and composition by comparing limonene oxidation under GUV₂₂₂ and O₃-only control conditions in a laboratory chamber. Differences between these experiments enable us to distinguish patterns in aerosol formation driven by ozone chemistry from those driven by other photolytic processes. These experiments also examine the influence of the addition of NO₂ and nitrous acid (HONO), and investigate SOA formation in sampled outdoor air. SOA composition and yield vary only slightly with respect to GUV₂₂₂<i>vs.</i> ozone-only conditions; NO₂ and HONO photolysis do not appreciably affect the observed chemistry. In contrast, we observe consistent new particle formation under high-fluence 222 nm light (45 μW cm^-2) that differs substantially from ozone-only experiments. This observed new particle formation represents an additional reason to keep GUV₂₂₂ fluence rates to the lowest effective levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":74,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142491241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic characterization of selenium speciation in coal fly ash†","authors":"Estefania Garcia, Pan Liu, Sharon E. Bone, Yinghao Wen and Yuanzhi Tang","doi":"10.1039/D4EM00398E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EM00398E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Millions of tons of coal fly ashes (CFAs) are produced annually during coal combustion in the U.S., which are commonly beneficially used in the concrete industry or disposed of in ash ponds. CFAs contain trace amounts of a range of toxic heavy metals including selenium (Se). Because the toxicity of Se is dependent on its speciation, investigating Se speciation in CFAs as affected by coal source and combustion conditions can help understand the related environmental and human health impacts during disposal or beneficial reuse. In this study, a set of representative CFA samples were characterized for Se speciation using synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and micro-X-ray fluorescence spectromicroscopy (μ-XRF/XAS). Se-containing particles were highly heterogeneous, and individual particles might contain multiple oxidation states including Se(0), Se(<small>IV</small>), and Se(<small>VI</small>). Principal component analysis was performed for sample characteristics including Al<small>₂</small>O<small>₃</small>, SiO<small>₂</small>, CaO, FeO, loss on ignition, average particle size, Se concentration, and Se oxidation state. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR), which is used to limit nitrogen oxide (NO<small>_<em>x</em></small>) emissions during coal combustion, was found to be associated with the presence of reduced Se oxidation states, with up to 90% Se(0) observed in samples with SCR. Alongside SCR, FeO content may also influence Se speciation.</p>","PeriodicalId":74,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts","volume":" 12","pages":" 2240-2249"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/em/d4em00398e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the cytotoxicity micro- and nano-plastic on human intestinal Caco-2 cells and the protective effects of catechin†","authors":"Xiaoxia Wang, Zhongneng Yang, Xiao-Min Ren, Zhenghuan Zhang, Huan He and Xuejun Pan","doi":"10.1039/D4EM00408F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EM00408F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Micro- and nano-plastics (M/NPs) potentially leach from plastic wrapping into food and beverages. However, the risks of ingested M/NPs to human intestinal health remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the potential risks and mechanisms of PS-M/NPs using a human intestinal epithelial <em>in vitro</em> model and to explore protective measures to reduce these risks. The results showed that polystyrene (PS) M/NPs exhibited size-dependent cytotoxicity (3 μm &lt; 0.3 μm &lt; 80 nm &lt; 20 nm). Additionally, by measuring intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production after exposure to PS-M/NPs and the elimination of ROS by <em>N</em>-acetyl-<small>L</small>-cysteine, we identified oxidative stress as a mechanism of PS-M/NP-induced cytotoxicity. Hazard quotients calculated from the study indicated that the risks of M/NPs derived from plastic teabags exceeded the margin of safety, suggesting that ingested M/NPs potentially pose a risk to human intestinal health. Furthermore, this study found that catechins can reduce the adverse effects of M/NPs, so we propose that drinking tea may offer a protective effect against the harm of M/NPs on the intestinal system.</p>","PeriodicalId":74,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts","volume":" 12","pages":" 2166-2176"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142453617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How do ecosystem service functions affect ecological health? Evidence from the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China†","authors":"Wei Wang, Jun Yang, Guishan Yang, Chao Wu and Jie Yu","doi":"10.1039/D4EM00296B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4EM00296B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Ecosystem services play an essential role as intermediaries, linking natural ecosystem resources to socio-economic demands. Understanding their impact on ecological well-being is pivotal for ensuring regional environmental security and promoting sustainable societal and economic development. However, there is insufficient research on the relationship between the two. Accordingly, this study explores the evolutionary relationship between ecological health and ecosystem services by constructing an evaluation system. Regression analysis is used to explore the spatial relationship between ecosystem services and ecological health, providing a reference for maintaining the balance between ecological supply and ecological health. The results show that from 1980 to 2020, an overall improvement was observed in the eco-health index of the Yangtze River Economic Belt's. This improvement was notably marked by substantial growth in the eco-vitality index alongside consistent maintenance of the spatial distribution within the eco-organization index. With regard to distributions of specific ecosystem services, dispersed occurrences characterized areas with high water production and crop yield levels; however, within forested regions, attributes for habitat quality preservation, water purification, soil retention and carbon sequestration were predominant. In the impact of ecosystem services on ecological health, food production held sway over less-developed areas, while soil conservation, water supply and habitat quality exerted greater influence over more-developed regions. This study regards ecosystem services as a bridge connecting humans and the environment not only providing a material basis for society but also reflecting the status of ecological health.</p>","PeriodicalId":74,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts","volume":" 12","pages":" 2215-2226"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142556588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}