Surgery open science最新文献

{"title":"Cost comparison of laparoscopic versus open surgery for common procedures in Rwandan teaching hospitals","authors":"King Kayondo ,&nbsp;Martin Nyundo ,&nbsp;Miguel Gasakure ,&nbsp;Janvière Mutamuliza ,&nbsp;Leon Ngeruka ,&nbsp;Regis Hitimana ,&nbsp;Julien Gashegu ,&nbsp;Annie Robert","doi":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluates the economic and clinical impacts of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) compared to open surgery (Open S) for four common procedures—appendectomy, cholecystectomy, hernia repair, and ovarian cystectomy—at two major teaching hospitals in Rwanda, RMRTH and CHUK. The aim is to assess direct costs, hospital stays, complications, and recovery times for MIS versus Open S and to explore the role of health insurance in MIS accessibility.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 206 patients treated between 2019 and 2022, with 100 undergoing Open S and 106 receiving MIS. Data included direct costs, hospital stay lengths, post-operative complications, and recovery times. The study also examined the correlation between MIS utilization and health insurance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average patient age was 41.7 years, with nearly equal gender distribution (52.4 % male, 47.6 % female). Most patients (79.1 %) had Community-Based Health Insurance coverage. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy showed significant economic advantages, with shorter stays, fewer complications, and faster recovery (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.02). MIS for hernia repair offered quicker recovery but incurred higher costs. For appendectomy and ovarian cystectomy, there was no significant cost difference between MIS and Open S. A strong positive correlation was found between MIS adoption rates and health insurance, supporting improved access.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MIS in Rwanda shows promise for economic savings, better patient outcomes, and expanded access through insurance. However, challenges like high consumable costs and limited expertise need to be addressed to fully optimize MIS benefits in Rwanda's healthcare system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74892,"journal":{"name":"Surgery open science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 81-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes and costs in splenectomy after failed splenic arterial embolization for blunt splenic injury","authors":"Nam Yong Cho BS ,&nbsp;Bill Kwon MD ,&nbsp;Esteban Aguayo MD ,&nbsp;Zeyu Liu BS ,&nbsp;Areti Tillou MD ,&nbsp;Peyman Benharash MD","doi":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Splenic injury (BSI) is present in nearly 45 % of abdominal blunt trauma cases in the US and splenic artery embolization (SAE) has been increasingly utilized to manage BSI in recent years. However, SAE failure necessitating delayed splenectomy remains a critical concern with significant implications for patient outcomes and healthcare resource utilization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study utilizing the 2016–2021 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Adult patients (≥18 years) with BSI undergoing SAE or splenectomy were included. Early embolization was defined as SAE within 48 h of admission. Failure of SAE (FE) was defined as splenectomy following unsuccessful SAE during the index hospitalization or within 30 days post-discharge. Multivariable regression models were developed to assess the association of FE with in-hospital mortality, length of stay (LOS), and costs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 44,750 included patients, 17,921 (40.0 %) underwent SAE as an initial operative approach. Rates of failed embolization remained stable over the study period (2016: 8.1 % vs 2021: 9.4 %, nptrend = 0.86), as did mortality following FE (2016: 1.9 % vs 2021: 1.3 %, nptrend = 0.05). After risk adjustment, early embolization was associated with reduced odds of FE (AOR 0.78, 95%CI 0.64–0.95). FE was associated with significantly increased odds of mortality (AOR 2.52, 95 % CI 1.86–3.41), prolonged LOS by 4.8 days (95 % CI 4.0–5.5), and increased hospitalization costs by $27,600 (95 % CI $24,400-30,900).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite growing SAE utilization, its failure rate remains stable with FE being associated with inferior clinical and financial outcomes. Improve patient selection, increased availability of embolization and providing early embolization in select cases may enhance SAE outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74892,"journal":{"name":"Surgery open science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 61-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-related quality of life in patients undergoing hepato-pancreato biliary cancer surgery: A prospective follow-up study","authors":"Anna Ekström ,&nbsp;Victoria Fomichov ,&nbsp;Bergthor Björnsson ,&nbsp;Carina Wennerholm ,&nbsp;Per Sandström ,&nbsp;Jenny Drott","doi":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Patients with cancer in the liver, pancreas, or bile ducts often experience stressful situations. These patients frequently perceive a variety of symptoms that affect their health both before and after surgery. This study aimed to investigate the health-related quality of life of patients undergoing hepato-pancreato-biliary cancer surgery and to compare pre- and postoperative patient-reported outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A prospective study was conducted using a consecutive sampling procedure. The inclusion criteria were patients aged over 18 years with malignant tumours in the liver, bile ducts, or pancreas, who were treated with curative cancer surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 77 included patients, 50.6 % were men, and 55.8 % were 70 years or older. The results are based on 154 completed EQ-5D-5L questionnaires, analyzed preoperatively and postoperatively. The overall mobility and anxiety dimensions did not change between the pre- and postoperative assessments. The overall self-care dimension increased over time (<em>p</em> = 0.001), as did the usual activities and pain dimensions (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). More men reported no problems with mobility one month postoperatively. Our results showed that patients undergoing HPB cancer surgery had a lower overall health-related quality of life postoperatively, with significant differences in the dimensions of pain, activity, and self-care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Clinically significant results include no changes in mobility and anxiety between the pre- and postoperative assessments. Men reported higher rates of no problems with mobility postoperatively. The differences in mobility between women and men are important clinical findings, suggesting the need for more attention to support patients for equitable and safe postoperative cancer care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74892,"journal":{"name":"Surgery open science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indications, sub-types and complications of surgically treated thyroid disease in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Bekalu Getachew ,&nbsp;Mekbeb Afework ,&nbsp;Girmaye Tamrat","doi":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Thyroidectomy is a surgical procedure that reduces or removes the thyroid gland the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the pooled prevalence and sub-types of thyroidectomy and characterize its postoperative complications in some low and middle income African countries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The studies were identified through an exhaustive search of reputable databases Twenty-two studies were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted using a standardized and pre-tested data extraction checklist, and the analysis was done using STATA version 14 statistical software. Heterogeneity was assessed using I² statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Toxic goiters were the most common indication for thyroidectomy accounting for 46.62 % of cases. Cosmetic reasons (41.07 %) and suspicion of malignancy (11.30 %) were the other common indications. Regarding surgical procedures, sub-total thyroidectomy (39.27 %) was the predominant surgical procedure, followed by lobectomy and isthmusectomy (34.88 %) and near-total thyroidectomy (34.77 %) respectively. The pooled prevalence of postoperative complications following thyroidectomy was 26.6 % [95%CI, 18.3–34.89]. Hypoparathyroidism (8.49 %) was the most common complication, followed by recurrent laryngeal nerve injury (7.96 %) and dysphonia (7.28 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A toxic goiter was the most common indication for thyroidectomy. The pooled prevalence of postoperative complications was comparably higher than international figures. Hypoparathyroidism was the predominant postoperative complication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74892,"journal":{"name":"Surgery open science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 52-60"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The outcomes of right and left complicated colonic diverticulitis","authors":"Anh Tuan Nguyen ,&nbsp;Quang Tien Pham ,&nbsp;Hoi Van Tran ,&nbsp;Hoang Viet Truong ,&nbsp;Loc Huynh Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The incidence of complicated colonic diverticulitis is increasing in Asia, with notable differences in management between right-sided (RCD) and left-sided (LCD) cases. This study compared treatment outcomes and identified risk factors for complications.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was performed on 181 patients diagnosed with complicated colonic diverculitis from January 2022 to September 2024, including 99 RCD and 82 LCD cases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age in the RCD group was 43.31 ± 14.6 years, compared to 63.9 ± 12.9 years in the LCD group. Recurrence rates were higher in LCD than RCD (19.5 % vs. 7.1 %). Surgical intervention was more frequent in LCD cases (63.4 % vs. 9.2 %), with longer hospital stay (9.3 vs 4.9 days). All RCD perforations were managed with primary anastomosis. Hartmann's procedure was the most common approach for LCD, with primary resection and anastomosis performed in 26.9 %. Postoperative complications occurred in 27.8 % of LCD patients, including wound infections, intra-abdominal abscesses, and pneumonia. Three patients in the LCD group died during hospitalization. Fever, elevated CRP levels, surgery type, and prolonged hospital stays were independent risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients with complicated RCD were younger than those with LCD. Conservative treatment for RCD had a high success rate, while complicated LCD often required surgery due to peritonitis. Fever, CRP level, type of surgery, and hospital stay were independent risk factors for complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74892,"journal":{"name":"Surgery open science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 31-35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of machine learning and Cox regression models for prognostic analysis in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with distant metastasis","authors":"Hailan Li ,&nbsp;Junbo Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Ming ,&nbsp;Mingsha Zhou ,&nbsp;Li Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>With the development of conversion therapy, there has been a significant improvement in advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients' survival outcomes. Accurate prognostic assessment of patients with distant metastasis (DM) is therefore pivotal in improving quality of life, guiding treatment, and optimizing patient management.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study extracted patients with distant metastatic HCC from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to identify prognostic factors. Then, Cox regression, DeepSurv, Decision Tree, and Random Survival Forests models were used to predict overall survival. Model performance was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC), decision curve analysis, calibration curve, and Brier score. The visualization of Cox regression and machine learning algorithms utilized nomogram and Shapley additive explanations, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 3051 HCC patients with DM. Factors such as tumor size, lung metastasis, N stage, ace, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, AFP, fibrosis, treatment interval, and number of metastases were independently associated with patient prognosis. Among all models, Cox regression and Random Survival Forest models showed stable performance, achieving AUCs of 0.746/0.760, 0.745/0.749, and 0.729/0.718 at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Meanwhile, Cox regression showed the lowest Brier score (0.180 and 0.125) at 6 and 12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Cox regression and Random Survival Forest models demonstrated robust prognostic performance for HCC, with Cox regression exhibiting superior temporal stability. The Cox-based nomogram provides an intuitive tool for rapid 3-, 6-, and 12-month survival stratification in metastatic HCC patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74892,"journal":{"name":"Surgery open science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 36-44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of hospital for-profit status with clinical and financial outcomes following emergency general surgery","authors":"Izhar Mbarani MD ,&nbsp;Sara Sakowitz MD, MBA ,&nbsp;Amulya Vadlakonda MD ,&nbsp;Troy Coaston MSCR ,&nbsp;Esteban Aguayo MD ,&nbsp;Syed Shaheer Ali ,&nbsp;Konmal Ali ,&nbsp;Saad Mallick MD ,&nbsp;Peyman Benharash MD MS","doi":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The impact of for-profit (FP) hospital ownership on healthcare outcomes has garnered increasing attention in recent years with limited work linking FP status with lower quality of care and higher costs. However, outcomes emergency general surgery (EGS) at FP hospitals remains unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All non-elective adult (≥18 years) hospitalizations entailing EGS (appendectomy, cholecystectomy, laparotomy, large bowel resection, perforated ulcer repair, or small bowel resection), within 2 days of admission, were tabulated from the 2016 to 2021 National Inpatient Sample. Multivariable models were constructed to evaluate the independent associations between hospital FP status with key clinical and financial outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of an estimated 2,124,394 patients, 337,950 (16 %) were classified as FP. Compared to others, the FP cohort was younger, of lower comorbidity burden, and more frequently in the lowest income quartile. After risk adjustment, care at FP hospitals was associated with a greater likelihood of in-hospital mortality or any major complication (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 1.15, 95 % Confidence Interval [CI] 1.12–1.18), including infectious (AOR 1.22, 95 % CI 1.18–1.26), respiratory (AOR 1.26, 95 % CI 1.21–1.31), and renal sequelae (AOR 1.12, 95 % CI 1.08–1.16). While associated with reduced per-patient hospitalization costs (β -$2910, 95 % CI -3180,-2640), treatment at FP institutions was associated with increased odds of non-home discharge (AOR 1.09, 95 % CI 1.05–1.13).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Care at for-profit hospitals appears to be associated with greater risk of morbidity and nonhome discharge. Future work is needed to consider the factors contributing to greater morbidity, and developing interventions aimed at improving quality of care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74892,"journal":{"name":"Surgery open science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of online teaching curricula on undergraduate basic surgical skills acquisition","authors":"Devansh Tandon ,&nbsp;Ayush Gupta ,&nbsp;Rhianna Patel ,&nbsp;Anushka Shukla ,&nbsp;Saran Singh Gill ,&nbsp;Rhea Elise Patel ,&nbsp;Keshav Krishnan ,&nbsp;Bishoy Yassa ,&nbsp;Shivansh Tandon ,&nbsp;Amar Rai ,&nbsp;Matt Boal ,&nbsp;Nader Francis","doi":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Despite the growing use of online teaching in medical education, undergraduate surgical skills training remains predominantly face-to-face, with limited structured curricula and resources. Consequently, many students lack confidence performing basic procedures independently. While online programmes offer a potential alternative, comparative evidence is limited. This service evaluation assessed the effectiveness of online surgical skills teaching on student skill acquisition and confidence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Medical students who participated in five UK national surgical skills programmes between 2022 and 2024 were selected, having received either online or face-to-face instruction. Skill acquisition was measured using the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) tool and confidence was measured pre- and post-training via a Likert scale. Non-parametric data were analysed using the Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> test, with significance set at <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 133 participants, 82 received online and 51 face-to-face training. Fifty-six percent were in their first or second year of study. No significant differences were found in continuous (<em>p</em> = 0.0652) or mattress suturing (<em>p</em> = 0.143), while interrupted suturing scores were significantly higher in the online group (<em>p</em> = 0.0143). Both modalities significantly improved confidence (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001), with no significant difference between groups (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates that online surgical skills teaching is as effective as face-to-face methods, with both positively impacting skill acquisition and confidence. A hybrid approach, integrating online and face-to-face teaching, could optimise learning by combining the scalability of online instruction with essential practical experience, enhancing medical students' confidence and technical proficiency in surgical skills.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74892,"journal":{"name":"Surgery open science","volume":"27 ","pages":"Pages 8-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial Board Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2589-8450(25)00052-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2589-8450(25)00052-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74892,"journal":{"name":"Surgery open science","volume":"26 ","pages":"Page i"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of cholecystectomy in hyperkinetic biliary dyskinesia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Duyen Quach MD ,&nbsp;Kayla Nguyen MD ,&nbsp;Gabriella Tavera BS ,&nbsp;Rachel Wright MD ,&nbsp;Zuhair Ali MD ,&nbsp;Mike Liang MD","doi":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sopen.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Biliary dyskinesia is disorder characterized by reduced gallbladder ejection fraction, which have shown a good response to cholecystectomy. In contrast, hyperkinetic biliary dyskinesia (HBD), as defined by ejection fraction ≥80 %, is an emerging phenomenon, and the role of cholecystectomy is not yet clearly defined. This review investigates the effectiveness of cholecystectomy in alleviating symptoms of HBD.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted to retrieve studies based on predefined inclusion criteria. Data were extracted by two-independent reviewers. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis. Risk ratios (RR) were calculated to estimate the impact of cholecystectomy on symptom improvement. Heterogeneity was calculated using the I² statistic and Q-test, with subgroup analyses performed based on study design.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fourteen studies involving 416 patients with HBD were included. Overall, the pooled RR for symptom relief post-cholecystectomy was 3.72 (95 % CI: 2.57–5.38). A subgroup analysis of retrospective reviews showed an RR of 3.9 (95 % CI: 2.57–5.92). Moderate heterogeneity (I² = 30.01 %) was observed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on existing evidence, cholecystectomy appeared to be a promising and effective treatment for HBD in select patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74892,"journal":{"name":"Surgery open science","volume":"26 ","pages":"Pages 128-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}