SSM. Mental health最新文献

{"title":"Fostering resilient recovery: An intervention for disaster-affected teachers in Indonesia","authors":"Elinor Parrott ,&nbsp;Martha Lomeli-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Alfi Rahman ,&nbsp;Yulia Direzkia ,&nbsp;Andrea Bernardino ,&nbsp;Rochelle Burgess ,&nbsp;Helene Joffe","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disasters leave survivors at heighted risk of negative psychological consequences. Teachers require post-disaster psychosocial support, given their added responsibility for supporting their students' recovery. However, alongside coping with their own mental health, teachers often lack training to support students psychologically. This study addresses this gap by detailing an intervention designed to foster resilient recovery among secondary school teachers in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, to enhance their ability to support both themselves and their students after a devastating earthquake/tsunami.</div><div>Teachers (n = 37) from three disaster-affected schools participated in a one-day workshop exploring collective strengths and strategies to develop their own and their students’ post-disaster resilience, featuring the Tree of Life activity. Impact was evaluated using a pre-post intervention design. Findings from a three month follow up demonstrated significant improvements across various resilience-related measures, including <em>personal resilience, community resilience, social</em> support<em>, adaptive coping strategies, psychological help seeking, earthquake anxiety, post-traumatic stress, complex post-traumatic stress</em> and <em>fatalism.</em> Open-ended survey responses indicated that most teachers reporting subjective improvements in their own recovery and their capacity to support students psychologically. This study emphasises the importance of creating teacher interventions underpinned by disaster recovery theory, which offer practical skills to foster post-disaster psychosocial recovery. While the intervention exhibits promising initial results, future research would benefit from an evaluation using a randomised control group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100355"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment resistance in schizophrenia and depression as an interactive kind: Mapping the development of a classification through Meta-Narrative review","authors":"Leighton Schreyer ,&nbsp;Csilla Kalocsai ,&nbsp;Oshan Fernando ,&nbsp;Melanie Anderson ,&nbsp;Vanessa Lockwood ,&nbsp;Sophie Soklaridis ,&nbsp;Gary Remington ,&nbsp;Araba Chintoh ,&nbsp;Suze Berkhout","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite ongoing attempts to delineate and name treatment resistance (TR) in psychiatry, the term is increasingly deployed across diagnostic categories. Still, what it is that constitutes TR remains unclear and in flux. Through a meta-narrative review, we construct a sociohistorical map of the concept of TR as it is employed in schizophrenia (TRS) and major depressive disorders (TRD). We track debates about TR, identify underlying assumptions and influencing factors that shape how the concept has evolved over time, and consider the intended and unintended consequences of its conceptualization. We develop our findings as three unique threads that, braided together, offer insight into TR as an interactive kind. Each thread analyzes and plays with the notion of <em>heterogeneity</em>, which arises in the literature as both a theme and a problem to be solved. Thread one looks at prevailing controversies surrounding the definition of TR. Here, heterogeneity arises in relation to how TR is delineated. We also consider the notion of “pseudoresistance,” a novel concept that functions to manage and contain heterogeneity, defining the boundaries of TR through its exclusions. Thread two explores the range of actors whose interests and practices are coordinated to shape TR as a concept: the pharmaceutical industry, academic psychiatry, clinicians, and health systems. Each group has its own interests and orientations: a heterogenous range of actors contributing to the <em>thing</em> that TR is. Thread three examines the intended and unintended consequences that attempts to conceptualize TR have yielded, including a reification of the biomedical paradigm and the personification of TR. This paper offers a systematic approach to thinking about similarities, differences, particularities and tensions embedded within TR to understand the politics and possibilities of the concept.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of virtual reality in the treatment of mental disorders such as phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder","authors":"Liana Spytska","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mental disorders, such as phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), are a serious health problem that significantly impacts people's quality of life. These disorders can significantly impair the quality of life of patients, so studying ways to treat them using modern methods is important and relevant. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and potential of using virtual reality (VR) technology in the treatment of phobias and PTSD. The methods used in the study include analytical, comparative, and systematization methods. The study has shown that cognitive behavioural therapy and exposure therapy are the main treatments for these disorders. The use of VR in the treatment of mental disorders, including phobias and PTSD, opens up new opportunities for safe and effective exposure to stressful stimuli. It was found that the benefits of using VR in the treatment of mental disorders include safe exposure, an individualized approach to treatment, and the ability to create realistic simulations of stressful situations. The study confirmed that the use of VR in the treatment of phobias allows patients to gradually get used to phobic stimuli and change their negative perceptions and reactions to them. The use of VR in the treatment of PTSD has significant potential, allowing the application of various techniques, including exposure, gradual desensitization, cognitive behavioural therapy, therapeutic recovery, meditation, and relaxation, to alleviate the symptoms of the disorder and improve the quality of life of patients. The findings of the study can serve as a basis for improving clinical practice in psychotherapy and psychiatry, allowing for more effective and individualized care for patients with disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100351"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intersectional trends in poor mental health and health inequities across the US","authors":"Kieran Blaikie ,&nbsp;Stephen J. Mooney ,&nbsp;Heather D. Hill ,&nbsp;Isaac C. Rhew ,&nbsp;Anjum Hajat","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Though mental distress poses a large and growing threat to population health, our understanding of how its social distribution has changed over time and what these changes imply for mental health equity is limited. To address this, we use data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to non-parametrically describe how age-standardized prevalence of frequent mental distress (FMD) and social inequities in FMD have changed in the United States between 1993 and 2019 for intersectional social groups defined by ethnicity, race, sex, educational attainment, and household poverty status. We find that age-standardized FMD prevalence has increased for almost all social groups, that health inequities between more and less privileged groups have mostly widened in absolute terms but narrowed relatively, and that relying solely on common group FMD summaries masks substantial heterogeneity across intersectional subgroups. Our findings show an urgent need to address the sociopolitical determinants of mental distress, prioritizing policies which would address the growing inequitable burden experienced by those less privileged.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666560324000549/pdfft?md5=4635360d483d2dd9d697250b0e08d467&pid=1-s2.0-S2666560324000549-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142129645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unstable states and the biologization of mental illness","authors":"Lauren N. Yan ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Durham ,&nbsp;Yulia E. Chentsova Dutton","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We critically examine how biological narratives of mental illness mediate relations between personal experiences and socio-structural conditions of distress in crisis contexts. Using three case studies of contemporary crises in Russia, the Republic of Cameroon, and Bangladesh, we showcase the ways in which biological meanings of mental illness carry political and structural significance as authorities employ “biologization” for political ends. In Russia, biologization is strategically useful to authorities seeking to control a populace, as chronic “conditions” can be “treated” indefinitely. In Cameroon, state psychiatrists in Yaoundé incentivize patient citizenship through biological frameworks of illness and intervention. In Bangladesh, the embodied presence of Rohingya refugees is a medium by which they can engage politically; therapeutic intervention becomes a site of political consensus in which Rohingya enact a “fictive biological citizenship.” Biologization of mental illness forms a basis for reinforcing or challenging the power of the state and the meaning of citizenship in distinct ways across these three contexts, highlighting the importance of attending to its political implications as it is invoked in frameworks of diagnosis, explanation, prognosis, and treatment in global contexts of ostensible crisis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100348"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666560324000537/pdfft?md5=28bd2cc679efe3fc4cd35a6838a63c02&pid=1-s2.0-S2666560324000537-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why suicidal thoughts may not lead to suicide mortality among young people in Hong Kong","authors":"Sirui Lu ,&nbsp;Lisa S.H. Ho ,&nbsp;F.Y. Florence Cheung ,&nbsp;Joyce Liu ,&nbsp;Paul S.F. Yip","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Intro</h3><p>Suicide is a public health concern globally. While suicide ideation and suicide attempts are strong risk factors for fatal suicide, most people with suicidal thoughts do not proceed to making a suicide attempt, and most people who have survived a suicide attempt do not eventually die by suicide. Researchers have established theories that describe an ideation-to-action framework, distinguishing suicide attempts from suicide ideation. Understanding this distinction is vital for developing and implementing effective suicide prevention strategies. It highlights the importance of early identification and intervention, and the need for ongoing mental health support and resources for individuals at risk of suicide.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Sixteen participants with suicide ideation were interviewed to explore what protected against death by suicide despite different levels of suicidal thoughts.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Three recurrent themes were identified from interviewees’ stories: 1) suicidal thoughts as a space; 2) fear and concerns; and 3) coping strategies.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We found synchronicity between our findings and common clinical intervention strategies that highlight protective factors in promoting mental health and saving lives from at-risk groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100346"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666560324000513/pdfft?md5=8650b2a2c7de6b77441a879fa4cc630c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666560324000513-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141849446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical and contemporary psychotherapy practices in Uganda","authors":"Julius Kikooma ,&nbsp;Kizito Wamala ,&nbsp;Jane Namusoke ,&nbsp;Joseph Mugarura","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100347","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100347"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666560324000525/pdfft?md5=6c7349f3627c303598202ec06b83896f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666560324000525-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141851947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A measure to gauge psychological pain: Assessing convergent construct validity and internal consistency of the Psychache Scale in the Cambodian context","authors":"Panha Pich ,&nbsp;Elena Lesley ,&nbsp;Quynh-Anh Ngoc Nguyen ,&nbsp;Craig Higson-Smith ,&nbsp;Sokha Sieng","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The following study was conducted in order to assess convergent construct validity and internal consistency of a Khmer-language adaptation of the Psychache Scale, a 13-item self-report instrument used to assess subjective experiences of psychological pain. The Psychache Scale (PAS) was translated into Khmer and back-translated to verify accurate meaning. The Khmer translation was corrected to address cultural and linguistic nuances for the Cambodian population and piloted among 121 students and recent graduates. The final Khmer version of the PAS showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.928). Results also showed that scores on the Psychache Scale were strongly associated with related concepts of depression (<em>r</em>² = 0.545, <em>p</em> = 0.000), anxiety (<em>r</em>² = 0.438, <em>p</em> = 0.000), stress (<em>r</em>² = 0.459, <em>p</em> = 0.000), and Baksbat, a Cambodian-specific cultural concept of distress (<em>r</em>² = 0.549, <em>p</em> = 0.000). Contrary to a priori hypotheses, the Psychache Scale was also negatively and statistically significantly associated with age (Kruskal-Wallis χ2 = 20.561, df = 4, <em>p</em> = 0.000) and was negatively statistically significantly related to education level (Kruskal-Wallis χ2 = 13.053, df = 2 <em>p</em> = 0.001). Given these results, the Psychache Scale shows potential clinical utility in the Cambodian context, though future research may consider how psychological pain differs according to age and education levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100345"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666560324000501/pdfft?md5=6d3ef1737a2b3395d4a11edacadb72ed&pid=1-s2.0-S2666560324000501-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141852299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water quality and unseen health outcomes: A cross-sectional study on arsenic contamination, subclinical disease and psychosocial distress in Bangladesh","authors":"Nameerah Khan ,&nbsp;Sonia Ferdous Hoque ,&nbsp;Zahid Hayat Mahmud ,&nbsp;Mohammad Rafiqul Islam ,&nbsp;Mohammad Atique Ul Alam ,&nbsp;Md Shafiqul Islam ,&nbsp;Katrina Jane Charles","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Health risks from water quality pose a major threat to billions of people globally. Most microbial contaminants have short subclinical periods, compared to chemical contaminants that can take years to manifest, which can translate to less attention in the policy sphere. Complex water quality issues in Bangladesh, including arsenic contamination, offer an ideal case study to highlight the wide-ranging health and social impacts of perceived and invisible contaminants. This paper presents a cross-sectional study where two tools are explored for understanding the less visible health impacts of water contamination: (1) measuring subclinical disease via nail arsenic measurements (n = 899) to better ascertain chronic exposure; and (2) understanding the relationship between water quality and psychosocial distress (n = 876), for men and women across three sites with varying water quality issues. Applying generalised linear regression models, subclinical arsenic showed strong positive correlation with water arsenic, while the relationship between severity of psychosocial distress and water arsenic was modified by perceived risk from arsenic. Subclinical disease was much more prevalent than what current exposure through drinking water would indicate, with 65.3% of participants having nail arsenic levels above the 1 μg/g cut-off for unexposed individuals (spanning across sites with average water arsenic as low as 2.51 μg/L and as high as 379 μg/L). Further demonstrating the breadth of unseen outcomes of water contamination, uncertainty was the most commonly expressed component of distress, followed by worry, fear, suffering, and lack of choice. The presence of psychosocial distress underscores how experiences of contaminated water go beyond physiological illnesses, while the use of subclinical biomarkers can shift the understanding of disease and provide a useful way of leveraging policy change by pinpointing exactly where and by whom intervention is needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100344"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666560324000495/pdfft?md5=16b800160112eed27ee567df0b785b5f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666560324000495-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141840185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Snakes and Ladders: The experience of being referred to and seen by Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services","authors":"Kristina L. Newman ,&nbsp;Kapil Sayal ,&nbsp;Colleen Ewart ,&nbsp;Alexandra Lang ,&nbsp;Anupam Bhardwaj ,&nbsp;Bernadka Dubicka ,&nbsp;Tamsin Marshall ,&nbsp;Louise Thomson","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Referral processes in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) have been reported as stressful and inadequate by young people and parents/carers, who struggle during waiting periods for the referral outcome decision. The Covid19 pandemic was an unprecedented time of distress for young people, parents/carers, and healthcare staff, with increased mental health challenges and stretched staff having to adapt modes of care, thus exacerbating difficulties for CAMHS.</p></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><p>This qualitative study aimed to capture the unique lived experiences of young people, parents/carers, and CAMHS staff during the referral process in the peak of the Covid19 pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>As part of the STADIA trial, between 2020 and 2022, 109 semi-structured interviews across 8 NHS sites were conducted with young people (aged 16–17), parents/carers, and NHS staff including clinicians, commissioners, managers, and researchers embedded in clinical services. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Three themes were elicited to express young people, staff, and parents/carer experiences of the referral process, CAMHS, and the impact of Covid19: 1) referral as a starting point; 2) changes to methods of appointment delivery and their effect on CAMHS experience; and 3) experiences and evaluation of services.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Although CAMHS was seen as the pinnacle of mental health support, there was dissatisfaction with waiting times, limited communication, unclear referral processes, and limited clinical capacity and resources for young people, parent/carers, and staff. Covid19 forced CAMHS into adapting to a hybrid model of care, increasing accessibility for young people, parents/carers and staff and highlighting areas for improvement. Secure and consistent support and increases in staff resources are essential to address challenges with CAMHS delivery and improve the experiences of young people, parent/carers, and staff.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"6 ","pages":"Article 100343"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666560324000483/pdfft?md5=f8328a1ebfa587afa24f14e20af24006&pid=1-s2.0-S2666560324000483-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141844628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}