Marion Bovey , Nadine Hosny , Felicia Dutray , Eva Heim
{"title":"Trauma-related cultural concepts of distress: A systematic review of qualitative literature from the middle east and North Africa, and Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Marion Bovey , Nadine Hosny , Felicia Dutray , Eva Heim","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Culture shapes how individuals experience, understand, and express trauma-related distress. The study of cultural concepts of distress (CCDs) provides valuable insights into culturally specific symptoms, syndromes, and explanatory models that emerge in different contexts. Incorporating CCDs into research and clinical practice not only allows for a better understanding of individuals' experiences but is also a key element in better understanding how psychological processes are perceived within various cultural contexts. This systematic review aimed to compile qualitative research on trauma-related CCDs in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) as well as Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) to facilitate their use by researchers and practitioners working with these populations from these regions. Searches were conducted in sixteen databases using search terms for countries, methods, symptoms, and trauma exposure. Forty-one studies were included, identifying a total of eighty CCDs and fifty-two idioms of distress. Findings revealed multiple etiologies, going beyond trauma to include structural, psychosocial and spiritual factors. The severity of distress ranged from normal and transient to severe and profoundly stigmatizing, depending on the symptomatic manifestations, their consequences, and the nature of the traumatic experiences. Finally, the findings suggest that effective interventions must extend beyond individual-focused approaches to address broader social, structural and community-level factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100402"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nina A. Sayer , Barbara A. Clothier , Siamak Noorbaloochi , Michele R. Spoont
{"title":"The association between low clinic reach and racial disparity in trauma-focused psychotherapy initiation across the US Veterans Health Administration: Secondary analysis of national program evaluation data","authors":"Nina A. Sayer , Barbara A. Clothier , Siamak Noorbaloochi , Michele R. Spoont","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reach of trauma-focused psychotherapies (TFPs) varies across clinics for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the US Veterans Health Administration but it is unknown if access is equitable across patient subgroups. We conducted secondary analysis of program evaluation data to examine the association between clinic reach (low vs. high) and racial equity in TFP initiation over time. We compared the odds of TFP initiation for Black and White patients and changes in the odds of TFP initiation using Difference in Difference effect estimation. 60,607 (18,671 Black and 41,936 White) patients with PTSD received psychotherapy in one of 112 PTSD clinics (17 in the Northeast, 42 in the South, 29 in the Midwest, 24 in the West) across two 6-month evaluation periods (July 2020–December 2020; October 2021–March 2022). There was no difference between race groups in the odds of TFP initiation in the 61 clinics with high baseline reach. In the 51 clinics with low baseline reach, Black patients had reduced odds of TFP initiation (adjusted odds ratio [<em>AOR</em>] = 0.821, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.718–0.938). When reach improved at follow-up, there was no longer a race-group difference in the odds of TFP initiation. The magnitude of improvement in the odds of TFP initiation was greater for Black than White patients (adjusted ratio of odds ratios [<em>ROR</em>] = 1.196; 95% CI: 1.018–1.438). Research should evaluate whether there are subgroups disproportionately disadvantaged by limited reach of an evidence-based intervention and whether strategies to improve access also impact health care equity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100397"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integration of MHPSS in post-war transitional justice: A case study of Sri Lanka's 2016 public consultations on and implementation of reconciliation mechanisms","authors":"Maleeka Salih , Ananda Galappatti , Gameela Samarasinghe , Mahesan Ganesan , Rehan Meemaduma","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is currently significant interest in the fields of global peacebuilding, development and humanitarian assistance in the integration of Mental Health & Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) with peacebuilding. This article offers a case study of Sri Lanka's experiences of MHPSS integration in its post-war transitional justice and reconciliation process, describing how MHPSS considerations were incorporated into national consultation to design state reconciliation mechanisms and in their subsequent implementation. It offers a critical reflection on the integration of MHPSS and assesses whether this was sufficient to respond to the needs of survivors and affected groups during the consultations and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100396"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lynette R. Goldberg , Kylie Radford , Kate Smith , Dina LoGiudice , Lauren Poulos , Dianne Baldock , Clair Andersen , Janaya Charles , Alison J. Canty , Dawn Bessarab , Jade Cartwright , Jo-anne Hughson , Merete Schmidt , Jennifer Evans , Caleb Rivers , Jacqueline Spotswood , James Vickers
{"title":"Privileging the spirit, voices, and culture of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in dementia care: Education for non-Indigenous health care providers","authors":"Lynette R. Goldberg , Kylie Radford , Kate Smith , Dina LoGiudice , Lauren Poulos , Dianne Baldock , Clair Andersen , Janaya Charles , Alison J. Canty , Dawn Bessarab , Jade Cartwright , Jo-anne Hughson , Merete Schmidt , Jennifer Evans , Caleb Rivers , Jacqueline Spotswood , James Vickers","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose of research</h3><div>Data show that many Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples experiencing dementia receive services at mainstream health organizations and from non-Indigenous health care providers. It is imperative that non-Indigenous health care providers are educated about culturally respectful and safe care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples with dementia. The purpose of this research was to partner with Aboriginal Elders to co-design and implement an online unit on culturally respectful and safe care to educate non-Indigenous health care providers.</div></div><div><h3>Principal results</h3><div>Twelve Aboriginal Elders from four Australian states, along with state-based Aboriginal project officers, partnered with the national, interdisciplinary research team to co-create and co-deliver the 13-week unit. Elders formed a Governance Group to guide the research team and ensure the content, delivery and methods of assessment of the unit privileged the spirit, voices, and diverse cultures of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. A team of Aboriginal markers, including Elders and project officers, was established to evaluate students’ assessments. The unit commenced in late July 2024 with 375 students enrolled.</div></div><div><h3>Major conclusions</h3><div>Comments from both Elders and students affirmed the importance of Elders' presence in the unit through their weekly zoom sessions with students and participation in evaluation of students' learnings. Elders’ guidance in the co-creation and co-delivery of the unit has been recognized at program, college and university levels. The unit is available nationally and internationally through the online Diploma of Dementia Care offered by the University of Tasmania, Australia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Broad concepts of mental disorder may not be valid concepts: Rejoinder to Ning (2025)","authors":"Jesse S.Y. Tse, Nick Haslam","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100393","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100393"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143220262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamics of perceived threat and media exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Talia Morstead, Nancy L. Sin, Anita DeLongis","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic media landscape was characterized by an unrelenting stream of disease-related information that varied in tone, factual accuracy, and degree of ascribed certainty. Given the increasing centrality and integration of media technology in daily life, examining how media exposure contributed to individuals' experiences coping with the threat of COVID-19 is crucial. In this study, we used longitudinal data from 3189 primarily North American participants, collected monthly from June 2020 through January 2021 to examine reciprocal associations among media exposure, COVID-19 thought frequency, and perceived threat of COVID-19 at the within-person level of analysis. Drawing on a transactional model of stress and coping to frame our investigation, we hypothesized that increases from one's typical level of media exposure, COVID-19 thought frequency, or perceived threat of COVID-19 in a given month would predict increases in these variables in the subsequent month. Apart from the effect of media exposure on perceived threat of COVID-19, results from random intercept cross-lagged panel models supported our hypotheses, revealing cyclical effects at the within-person level. Additionally, between-person associations indicated that those who scored highly on any of the three study variables, also tended to score highly on the others. Effects at the within-person level suggest a potential vicious cycle of media exposure, COVID-19 thought frequency and perceived threat of COVID-19 at the height of the pandemic. The findings aid in identifying targets for intervention that can be leveraged to mitigate adverse physical and mental health impacts in the context of future pandemics and other global crises.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100394"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143347833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of witnessing abuse of their mother and childhood trauma on men's perpetration of intimate partner violence in the cross-sectional UN multi-country study on men and violence in Asia and the Pacific","authors":"Rachel Jewkes , Ruchira Tabassum Naved , Naeema Abrahams , Nwabisa Shai , Leane Ramsoomar , Bianca Dekel , Andrew Gibbs , Jani Nöthling , Samantha Willan , Esnat Chirwa","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trauma exposure and witnessing intimate partner violence (IPV) in childhood are recognised risk factors for IPV. Using the UN Multi-country Study on Men and Violence in Asia and the Pacific dataset, we describe the pathways through which they influence adult IPV perpetration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In nine sites, from six countries, data were collected in a two-stage, randomly-selected household survey, with one man aged 18–49 years interviewed per house. 8379 interviews were completed with ever partnered men in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea (Bougainville) and Sri Lanka. We present a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to understand paths through which childhood trauma and witnessing IPV impacted perpetration of physical or sexual IPV in adulthood.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the men, 25.5% had witnessed IPV, 47.0% had perpetrated physical or sexual IPV. Both witnessing IPV and childhood trauma elevated the likelihood of such perpetration. The SEM showed four paths from witnessing IPV and childhood trauma to the latent variable for physical/sexual IPV perpetration. One was direct and three indirect. Paths were mediated by food insecurity, depression, and a latent variable measuring gender inequitable and anti-social masculinities. The masculinity variable indicators were drug use, harmful alcohol use, bullying, gang membership, fighting with other men, having sex with a sex worker and having raped a non-partner. The direct and indirect effects showed both childhood trauma and witnessing maternal IPV to be important, but childhood trauma the more so.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both childhood trauma and witnessing IPV were important in driving IPV perpetration, with independent effects, however, broader childhood trauma exposure was most strongly associated. The effects were mediated by food insecurity, depression and gender inequitable and anti-social masculinities, all recognised risk factors for IPV perpetration. Thus, gender transformative IPV prevention interventions that include mental health and economic elements can mitigate the influence of these key exposures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100391"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Supriya Misra , Isha Weerasinghe , Lawrence H. Yang , Bizu Gelaye , Margarita Alegría
{"title":"“No data, no problem”? Potential inequities in psychosis among immigrants in the United States","authors":"Supriya Misra , Isha Weerasinghe , Lawrence H. Yang , Bizu Gelaye , Margarita Alegría","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global research indicates inequities in the incidence, severity, and care of psychosis among immigrants, primarily due to structural and social adversities relative to non-immigrants. However, despite having the world's largest immigrant population, the United States (U.S.) has limited research on this phenomenon. This lack of data obscures potential inequities and presents a missed opportunity to target policies and resources for this population. In this critical analytical review, we briefly summarize the evidence of inequities in psychosis among immigrants in other Western high-income countries, discuss the relevance to immigrants in the U.S. context, identify historical context and contemporary obstacles to studying this phenomenon in the U.S., and recommend strategies to improve research about psychosis among immigrants in the U.S. moving forward. Specifically, effective data collection regarding psychosis among immigrants can be achieved via shifting to person- and community-centered perspectives, leveraging existing federal data systems and funding mechanisms, improving data collection through better tools and collaboration, prioritizing inclusive engagement and recruitment, and broadening conceptions of mental experiences outside of psychiatric diagnoses. However, these investments must center on autonomy and self-determination of immigrants, given the documented harms of coercive care, such as forced treatment of individuals who experience psychosis, which is once again on the rise nationally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100392"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
John Mark Wiginton , Sarah M. Murray , Karin Tobin , Stefan D. Baral , Travis H. Sanchez
{"title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder symptomology among gay, bisexual, and other sexually minoritized cisgender men in the United States: A latent class analysis","authors":"John Mark Wiginton , Sarah M. Murray , Karin Tobin , Stefan D. Baral , Travis H. Sanchez","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the United States, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) disparities among sexually minoritized men (SMM) are well-documented, but diverse PTSD symptom manifestations and related vulnerabilities in this group are understudied. From October 2020 to January 2021, we collected cross-sectional demographic, HIV status, sexual behavior, and mental health data from 6319 trauma-exposed SMM in the American Men's Internet Survey. We used latent class analysis, multinomial logistic regression, and the Bolck-Croon-Hagenaars method to identify PTSD symptom classes, associations with class membership, and prevalence of serodifferent condomless anal sex with a male partner, respectively. Mean age was 33 years; most participants identified as gay (n = 4820, 76.3%) and non-Hispanic White (n = 3829, 60.6%). Classes included Intrusive-Avoidant (n = 1086, 17.2%; moderate/high intrusive thoughts, related discomfort, trauma-reminder avoidance), Dysphoric-Inattentive (n = 1230, 19.5%; moderate/high negative beliefs, anhedonia, concentration problems), Pervasive (n = 1471, 23.3%; high on all symptoms), and Resistant (n = 2532, 40.1%; low on all symptoms). Non-Hispanic Black (aOR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.35, 2.33) and multiracial identity (aOR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.03, 2.13) were associated with Intrusive-Avoidant class membership. Unknown (aOR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.52) and positive HIV status (aOR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.16, 2.09) were associated with Pervasive class membership. Housing instability, mental distress, and suicidal ideation were associated with membership in each symptomatic class. Serodifferent condomless anal sex was higher in the Pervasive (23.9%, p < 0.001) and Intrusive-Avoidant (21.8%, p = 0.008) classes relative to the Resistant class (16.5%). Improving the response to PTSD and related vulnerabilities among SMM merits combined trauma-focused, sexual risk-reduction approaches tailored to symptom profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":"7 ","pages":"Article 100390"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}