SSM. Mental health最新文献

{"title":"State-level variation in the prevalence of child psychopathology symptoms in the US: Results from the ABCD study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To estimate the prevalence of clinically meaningful youth mood, anxiety, behavioral, and attention symptoms across US states.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Data are drawn from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study baseline wave, which included 11,876 children ages 9–10. Statistical weighting strategies generated projected state-specific prevalence estimates for the 17 states where ABCD collected data based on state socio-demographics. Twenty dimensions of mental health were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist using recommended cut-scores to assess clinical and sub-threshold symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Psychopathology symptom prevalence varied by state and outcome. Projected prevalence of internalizing problems ranged from 11.0% [95% CI: 9.8%, 12.2%; Oklahoma] to 7.9% [95% CI: 6.9%, 9.0%; Maryland] across states. Projected prevalence of externalizing problems ranged from 6.9% [95% CI: 6.1%, 7.8%; South Carolina] to 4.5% [95% CI: 3.7%, 5.4%; California]. Regions with high symptoms included sections of the South (e.g., Oklahoma, South Carolina) and Vermont. Conduct problems had the most variability across states (i.e., greatest state-level prevalence 91% higher than the lowest). Attention problems had the least variability across states (greatest state-level prevalence 26% higher than the lowest).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Clinically meaningful psychopathology symptoms are common in children across the US, with substantial state-level variability in prevalence. Understanding variability in the prevalence of psychopathology symptoms across the US can help to inform resource allocation to increase the availability of youth mental health services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions around occupational mental well-being of community health workers and an intervention package for its promotion: A mixed-methods study in rural Chiapas, Mexico","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The challenging working conditions experienced by community health workers (CHWs) have an impact on their mental health, as detected by the NGO Compañeros En Salud (CES) in rural Mexico. In response to this situation, CES designed through a participatory process a package of interventions to promote the mental well-being of CHWs, beginning implementation in 2021. The objective of the present study was to learn how CES CHWs' work affects their mental well-being and to evaluate the intervention package to promote CHWs’ mental well-being implemented by CES.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In June–August 2023, 52 CHWs from the CES-supported communities participated in the study, responding to a survey and participating in 10 focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analyzed using statistical descriptive analysis and qualitative data using thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Participants highlighted the impact on their communities as one of the main aspects of their job that contribute positively to their mental well-being, as well as the challenging work-life balance as one of the main aspects that contribute negatively. As for the interventions, most participants considered them significant and positive for their mental well-being, highlighting positive aspects such as the possibility of creating community with their peers or a feeling of self-efficacy. However, the access to interventions was uneven among participants and most interventions presented areas for improvement, such as the periodicity of psychological distress screening or the response time to material needs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Efforts to support CHW well-being in the areas they signal as needs can impact their experiences around work and their perceived well-being. Access to work materials, preparedness on clinical topics, and relationships with their teams are key areas that may have a bearing on CHWs' emotional and mental well-being. Interventions aimed at these areas can positively impact CHWs’ self-efficacy, their community with each other, and their interactions with patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ties that bind: Understanding the mental health consequences of the Windrush Scandal and hostile immigration policies on survivors in the UK","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Home Office Windrush Scandal of 2018 has had major implications for the wellbeing of survivors and is thought to have affected more than 15,000 individuals. The Government led compensation scheme to provide retribution to those impacted has been consistently argued as insufficient, in part linked to under appreciation of mental health consequences of the scandal. However, there is limited evidence which documents the nature of mental health issues that survivors and families have faced. This need for further evidence intersects with the need to protect a highly vulnerable community from further traumatisation. Our study contributes to this gap through a content analysis of survivor testimonies (n = 96) published in publicly available media sources between 2017 and 2023. Analysis explored social pathways to the development of mental distress and experiences of potential mental health consequences. Our analysis was informed by a complex trauma and complex racial trauma framework. Findings demonstrate that the scandal disrupted numerous social domains linked to livelihoods and positive wellbeing, driving survivors into homelessness, and experiences of dehumanization within state systems. This shaped survivors’ experiences of emotional distress, resulting in symptoms linked to depression, chronic stress, and anxiety disorders. Our work illuminates new details about the nature of trauma faced by survivors. Findings suggest the need for systems that provide targeted mental health supports that also address social disruption, to fully respond to the harms created by the scandal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and enablers to a coordinated MHPSS response in Lebanon: A case study of the MHPSS Taskforce","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During humanitarian crises, under-resourced and overstretched health systems may not be able to fully meet mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) needs of affected populations, including refugees, internally displaced persons and host communities. Health system governance is vital to humanitarian health response, but there has been little research on this, particularly for MHPSS. We present a case study of a national MHPSS coordination mechanism (the MHPSS Taskforce) in Lebanon, a country which has experienced multiple crises and hosts over 2 million refugees. The aim was to explore the barriers and enablers facing the MHPSS Taskforce in responding to the needs of displaced and host populations in Lebanon. Interviews were conducted with 34 key stakeholders, including Taskforce members, representatives from non-governmental organisations, United Nations agencies, and government Ministries. Our findings show that the positioning of MHPSS within the humanitarian cluster system acts as a barrier to mounting an effective response, with the MHPSS Taskforce sometimes siloed rather than integrated across clusters. Coordination within the Taskforce was reported to be effective in some respects, but limited by a lack of clarity about its decision-making processes, affiliation, mandate, and inclusion of regional perspectives and key groups such as mental health services users in Lebanon. While the technical capacity of the Taskforce is strong, limited funding and staffing were seen to impact its capacity to effectively oversee the MHPSS response in Lebanon. Key recommendations include: the need for stronger mechanisms and operating procedures for interagency and inter-sectoral collaboration on MHPSS within the humanitarian cluster system; greater clarity on the role of the Taskforce and key Taskforce actors, streamlined reporting channels and greater inclusion of diverse perspectives, particularly mental health service users; and greater financial and human resources within coordination mechanisms to support the national MHPSS response in Lebanon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding depression and the PHQ-9 items among people living with HIV: A multiple methods qualitative study in Yaoundé, Cameroon","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People living with HIV (PLWH) are disproportionately affected by depression, which often remains underdiagnosed and untreated, negatively impacting quality of life and treatment outcomes. Low resource settings often lack clinical professionals to identify depression, therefore screening tools such as the PHQ-9 allow for broader depression screening. This qualitative study among PLWH in Yaoundé Cameroon aimed to a) explore local understandings of depression and mental distress and b) assess comprehension and interpretation of the PHQ-9 items and response categories.</div><div>This study was nested in a larger study that assessed performance of the PHQ-9 among PLWH in Central, East, and West Africa. In Yaoundé, Cameroon, 30 in-depth interviews (IDIs) and 24 cognitive interviews (CIs) were conducted with PLWH to explore how depression is experienced and to examine understanding and interpretation of the PHQ-9 items. Thematic analysis was used to identify emergent themes across IDIs focusing on shared understandings of depression. An interpretivist content analysis of CIs incorporated understandings of PHQ-9 items into cognitive processes of interpretation, retrieval, judgment, and response formulation.</div><div>Out of 54 unique study participants, 15% (n = 8) had depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score &gt;9). The PHQ-9 items related to somatic manifestations of depression were understood as intended by most participants, while other items were not consistently understood and interpreted. “Thinking too much” and similar cognitive manifestations were central for local understandings of depression. Cognitive and somatic symptoms commonly intertwined and were often linked to experiences living with HIV. Local understanding of depression may not align with Western defined depression criteria, and symptoms related to HIV may conflate symptoms of depression. Incorrect interpretations of almost half of the PHQ-9 items suggests this tool may have limited validity in PLWH, and warrants the need for further testing and adaptation. Further research should be done to develop culturally relevant screening tools among PLWH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fostering resilient recovery: An intervention for disaster-affected teachers in Indonesia","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disasters leave survivors at heighted risk of negative psychological consequences. Teachers require post-disaster psychosocial support, given their added responsibility for supporting their students' recovery. However, alongside coping with their own mental health, teachers often lack training to support students psychologically. This study addresses this gap by detailing an intervention designed to foster resilient recovery among secondary school teachers in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, to enhance their ability to support both themselves and their students after a devastating earthquake/tsunami.</div><div>Teachers (n = 37) from three disaster-affected schools participated in a one-day workshop exploring collective strengths and strategies to develop their own and their students’ post-disaster resilience, featuring the Tree of Life activity. Impact was evaluated using a pre-post intervention design. Findings from a three month follow up demonstrated significant improvements across various resilience-related measures, including <em>personal resilience, community resilience, social</em> support<em>, adaptive coping strategies, psychological help seeking, earthquake anxiety, post-traumatic stress, complex post-traumatic stress</em> and <em>fatalism.</em> Open-ended survey responses indicated that most teachers reporting subjective improvements in their own recovery and their capacity to support students psychologically. This study emphasises the importance of creating teacher interventions underpinned by disaster recovery theory, which offer practical skills to foster post-disaster psychosocial recovery. While the intervention exhibits promising initial results, future research would benefit from an evaluation using a randomised control group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment resistance in schizophrenia and depression as an interactive kind: Mapping the development of a classification through Meta-Narrative review","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite ongoing attempts to delineate and name treatment resistance (TR) in psychiatry, the term is increasingly deployed across diagnostic categories. Still, what it is that constitutes TR remains unclear and in flux. Through a meta-narrative review, we construct a sociohistorical map of the concept of TR as it is employed in schizophrenia (TRS) and major depressive disorders (TRD). We track debates about TR, identify underlying assumptions and influencing factors that shape how the concept has evolved over time, and consider the intended and unintended consequences of its conceptualization. We develop our findings as three unique threads that, braided together, offer insight into TR as an interactive kind. Each thread analyzes and plays with the notion of <em>heterogeneity</em>, which arises in the literature as both a theme and a problem to be solved. Thread one looks at prevailing controversies surrounding the definition of TR. Here, heterogeneity arises in relation to how TR is delineated. We also consider the notion of “pseudoresistance,” a novel concept that functions to manage and contain heterogeneity, defining the boundaries of TR through its exclusions. Thread two explores the range of actors whose interests and practices are coordinated to shape TR as a concept: the pharmaceutical industry, academic psychiatry, clinicians, and health systems. Each group has its own interests and orientations: a heterogenous range of actors contributing to the <em>thing</em> that TR is. Thread three examines the intended and unintended consequences that attempts to conceptualize TR have yielded, including a reification of the biomedical paradigm and the personification of TR. This paper offers a systematic approach to thinking about similarities, differences, particularities and tensions embedded within TR to understand the politics and possibilities of the concept.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of virtual reality in the treatment of mental disorders such as phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mental disorders, such as phobias and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), are a serious health problem that significantly impacts people's quality of life. These disorders can significantly impair the quality of life of patients, so studying ways to treat them using modern methods is important and relevant. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and potential of using virtual reality (VR) technology in the treatment of phobias and PTSD. The methods used in the study include analytical, comparative, and systematization methods. The study has shown that cognitive behavioural therapy and exposure therapy are the main treatments for these disorders. The use of VR in the treatment of mental disorders, including phobias and PTSD, opens up new opportunities for safe and effective exposure to stressful stimuli. It was found that the benefits of using VR in the treatment of mental disorders include safe exposure, an individualized approach to treatment, and the ability to create realistic simulations of stressful situations. The study confirmed that the use of VR in the treatment of phobias allows patients to gradually get used to phobic stimuli and change their negative perceptions and reactions to them. The use of VR in the treatment of PTSD has significant potential, allowing the application of various techniques, including exposure, gradual desensitization, cognitive behavioural therapy, therapeutic recovery, meditation, and relaxation, to alleviate the symptoms of the disorder and improve the quality of life of patients. The findings of the study can serve as a basis for improving clinical practice in psychotherapy and psychiatry, allowing for more effective and individualized care for patients with disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intersectional trends in poor mental health and health inequities across the US","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Though mental distress poses a large and growing threat to population health, our understanding of how its social distribution has changed over time and what these changes imply for mental health equity is limited. To address this, we use data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to non-parametrically describe how age-standardized prevalence of frequent mental distress (FMD) and social inequities in FMD have changed in the United States between 1993 and 2019 for intersectional social groups defined by ethnicity, race, sex, educational attainment, and household poverty status. We find that age-standardized FMD prevalence has increased for almost all social groups, that health inequities between more and less privileged groups have mostly widened in absolute terms but narrowed relatively, and that relying solely on common group FMD summaries masks substantial heterogeneity across intersectional subgroups. Our findings show an urgent need to address the sociopolitical determinants of mental distress, prioritizing policies which would address the growing inequitable burden experienced by those less privileged.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666560324000549/pdfft?md5=4635360d483d2dd9d697250b0e08d467&pid=1-s2.0-S2666560324000549-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142129645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unstable states and the biologization of mental illness","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssmmh.2024.100348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We critically examine how biological narratives of mental illness mediate relations between personal experiences and socio-structural conditions of distress in crisis contexts. Using three case studies of contemporary crises in Russia, the Republic of Cameroon, and Bangladesh, we showcase the ways in which biological meanings of mental illness carry political and structural significance as authorities employ “biologization” for political ends. In Russia, biologization is strategically useful to authorities seeking to control a populace, as chronic “conditions” can be “treated” indefinitely. In Cameroon, state psychiatrists in Yaoundé incentivize patient citizenship through biological frameworks of illness and intervention. In Bangladesh, the embodied presence of Rohingya refugees is a medium by which they can engage politically; therapeutic intervention becomes a site of political consensus in which Rohingya enact a “fictive biological citizenship.” Biologization of mental illness forms a basis for reinforcing or challenging the power of the state and the meaning of citizenship in distinct ways across these three contexts, highlighting the importance of attending to its political implications as it is invoked in frameworks of diagnosis, explanation, prognosis, and treatment in global contexts of ostensible crisis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74861,"journal":{"name":"SSM. Mental health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666560324000537/pdfft?md5=28bd2cc679efe3fc4cd35a6838a63c02&pid=1-s2.0-S2666560324000537-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}