Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society最新文献

{"title":"Acute effects of tonic motor activation (TOMAC) on sleep in adults with medication-refractory restless legs syndrome.","authors":"Stephanie K Rigot, Erik K St Louis, Fiona C Baker, Hussein Alawieh, Haramandeep Singh, Joseph Ojile, Jatin Tekchandani, Viktoriia Kolotovska, Bahman Adlou, Jonathan D Charlesworth","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag060","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>Tonic motor activation (TOMAC) delivers high-frequency electrical stimulation to the common peroneal nerve to reduce restless legs syndrome symptoms and improve subjective sleep quality. This cross-sectional analysis provides the first objective evaluation of the wake-sleep transition and an exploration of sleep parameter and leg movement changes following mid-sleep TOMAC sessions during polysomnography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty participants with medication-refractory restless legs syndrome completed two polysomnographies and activated 30-min TOMAC sessions as needed when awakening mid-sleep with restless legs syndrome symptoms. Objective sleep parameters including sleep reinitiation latency, architecture, and hourly indices of periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS) and PLMS associated with arousal were compared between the sleep periods before and after activating mid-sleep TOMAC sessions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sleep reinitiation occurred during the 30-min TOMAC session for 24 of 29 (82.8%) mid-sleep sessions, with a median latency of 6.7 (range = 0.9-45.9) min following TOMAC activation. The latency from TOMAC activation to sleep reinitiation was shorter in participants who activated TOMAC within 10 min of awakening compared to those who waited longer (<i>p</i> = 0.016). There was a linear increase in the proportion of delta and a decrease in alpha electroencephalogram (EEG) frequency-band power after activating mid-sleep TOMAC (both <i>p</i> < 0.001), indicating the transition towards deeper sleep. Comparing sleep intervals before and after activating mid-sleep TOMAC, PLMS/hour decreased by 47.9% (<i>p</i> = 0.042) and PLMS associated with arousal/hour decreased by 70.8% (<i>p</i> = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TOMAC was compatible with sleep; rapid sleep reinitiation and a transition to deeper sleep were observed during TOMAC stimulation. These data also provide proof-of-concept evidence that PLMS may decrease following activation of mid-sleep TOMAC.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial details: </strong>This study was preregistered on January 31, 2022 ClinicalTrials.gov with name \"Noninvasive Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Medication-Naive and Medication-Refractory RLS\" and number NCT05214963 at https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05214963.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"7 3","pages":"zpag060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13390924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148564059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is sleep a mechanistic factor in the blood pressure lowering effects of low-dose aspirin taken at bedtime? A pilot study.","authors":"Michael Vazquez, Huan Yang, Michael Goldstein, Monika Haack, Janet M Mullington","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag058","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This was a pilot study designed to test the hypothesis that bedtime administration of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) lowers BP through sleep improvements that impact the inflammatory, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). We predicted that ASA would enhance sleep consolidation and lower sympathetic activation, protecting against the physiological stress of fragmented sleep.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven participants (5F, 2M, mean age 25.71 ± 4.03 years, body mass index (BMI) 22.40 ± 1.91 kg/m²) completed this within-subject, double-blind, balanced study involving 2 × 5 in-patient days. Participants were randomized to daily intake of ASA (81 mg/day) or placebo at bedtime for 2 weeks before each hospital research stay that included 1 baseline (BL) night, 2 nights of an experimental sleep disturbance (ESD) protocol and finally, 1 night of recovery sleep. The ESD protocol included 1-h delayed sleep onset, fragmentation of sleep with 5 × 20-min awakenings, and a 1-h earlier lights on time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ASA did not decrease BP following the 2-week at-home ASA administration, nor during ESD. Evening renin was significantly reduced (<i>p</i> = .048), compared to placebo after 2 weeks of ASA. Mood and well-being improved after 2 weeks of ASA. There were statistical trends toward decreased 24-h average heart rate (<i>p</i> = .053), and increased heart rate variability (<i>p</i> = .080). When challenged with the ESD protocol, ASA was associated with a longer duration of individual slow waves (<i>p</i> = .013), lower 24-h average HR (<i>p</i> < .001) and a trend to greater non-rapid eye movement delta power (<i>p</i> = .061).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This pilot study is the first investigation exploring effects of ASA on renal & hemodynamic parameters at night, implicating sleep as an important mechanistic factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"7 3","pages":"zpag058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148451066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large language model derived regular expressions for sleep phenotyping from electronic health record: a feasibility study.","authors":"Nathanael Hwang, M Brandon Westover, Diego R Mazzotti, Robert J Thomas, Lynn Marie Trotti, Dennis Hwang, Matt Gratton, Jiaxiao Shi, Rui Yan, Emmanuel Mignot, Gari D Clifford, Umakanth A Katwa, Kendra A Becker, Matthew T Klimper, Jessica K Jara, Haoqi Sun","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag059","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>Large language models may efficiently develop Regular Expression (regex)-based natural language processing for electronic health record phenotyping. We present PromptNLP to assess feasibility by evaluating performance and generalizability to clinical notes across multiple institutions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sleep-related clinical notes from Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Emory University were used to extract apnea-hypopnea index and Epworth Sleepiness Scale. PromptNLP involves two steps: (1) build an apnea-hypopnea index/Epworth Sleepiness Scale phrase library (\"Targeted\" via manual, \"General\" via large language models); (2) input the library into an large language model with prompts to generate regex. For model development (Phase 1), we compared PromptNLP regexes with manual regex. For external validation (Phase 2), we adapted the Phase 1 Targeted regex to Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Emory notes. For application (Phase 3), we applied adapted the regex to 207 404 Kaiser Permanente Southern California notes with validation against 8602 structured apnea-hypopnea index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phase 1: All Targeted PromptNLP regexes outperformed manual regex for recall (apnea-hypopnea index: 95%-96% vs 80.8%; Epworth Sleepiness Scale: 98%-100% vs 88%; <i>p</i> < .05). General regexes surpassed manual, but with lower recall. Phase 2: Direct Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center application performed poorly (apnea-hypopnea index/Epworth Sleepiness Scale: 30%/12%), but adapting the phrase library improved recall to 96%/84%. For Emory, recall improved from 85%/86% to 94%/89% after adaptation. Across Phases 1 and 2, the PromptNLP regexes achieved 100% precision. Phase 3: 8216 (95.5%) apnea-hypopnea index values were correctly extracted with 99.8% precision.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PromptNLP demonstrated feasibility as an efficient, accurate, and generalizable method, outperforming manual approaches and enabling iterative cross-system improvement. Systematic comparisons to direct large language model approaches are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"7 3","pages":"zpag059"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13372092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148458108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding poor sleep in emerging adulthood: the role of pre-sleep cognitive processes in daily life.","authors":"Alexander Ariu, Andrea H Meyer, Simone Munsch, Nadine Messerli-Bürgy","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag057","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>Theoretical perspectives suggest that pre-sleep cognitive processes, including cognitive arousal, rumination, and stress can impair sleep. However, previous studies have relied on cross-sectional designs, limiting insight into how these cognitive processes relate to sleep on a night-to-night basis. In addition, anticipatory stress has received little empirical attention, despite its relevance for poor sleep. To address these gaps, the present study examined the associations of pre-sleep cognitive arousal, pre-sleep rumination, and anticipatory stress with sleep quality, sleep duration, and sleep onset latency both when averaged across 7 days (between-person level) and on a day-to-day basis (within-person level).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 166 emerging adults (<i>M_age</i>  = 20.36 years, 80.1% female) completed smartphone-based surveys during 7 consecutive days, reporting on pre-sleep cognitive processes (cognitive arousal, rumination, anticipatory stress) each evening and sleep outcomes each morning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Linear mixed-effects models showed that, at the between-person level, higher average levels of all three pre-sleep cognitive processes across the week were associated with poorer sleep quality and shorter sleep duration. No significant associations were found for sleep onset latency. At the within-person level, all three pre-sleep cognitive processes were not related to next-morning sleep outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the findings suggest that stable individual differences in pre-sleep cognitive processes, rather than short-term changes, are linked to sleep quality and duration in emerging adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"7 3","pages":"zpag057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13356899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148431750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relaxometry and diffusion MRI reveal sex differences in the association between daytime sleepiness and white matter myelination.","authors":"Noam Y Fox, Nathan Zhang, Angelique de Rouen, Jonghyun Bae, Aaliya Taranath, Alex Guo, Christopher M Bergeron, Jan Bergeron, Mary Kaileh, Elango Palchamy, Adam P Spira, Luigi Ferrucci, Zhaoyuan Gong, Mustapha Bouhrara","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag056","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poor sleep quality is linked to cognitive decline and increased risk for neurological conditions. Additionally, white matter (WM) degeneration is a hallmark of brain aging and neurodegenerative disorders. As myelin is a key component of WM, directly assessing myelin is essential to understanding the relationship between sleep and WM. Previous neuroimaging studies have explored this link using nonspecific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) proxies for myelin. We examined the relationship between insomnia and daytime sleepiness with WM using quantitative MRI metrics. Myelin was measured using myelin water fraction, a sensitive and specific marker of myelin content. WM integrity was evaluated through individual relaxometry and diffusion MRI metrics, as well as a composite index derived from principal component analysis of all quantitative MRI measures. The Women's Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale was used to assess insomnia and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) for daytime sleepiness. Linear regressions assessed associations between sleep and both individual and composite WM metrics, adjusting for relevant covariates. Results showed that poorer ESS scores were significantly associated with lower WM integrity and lower myelination, particularly across relaxometry-based metrics. We found a significant ESS × sex interaction, with a stronger association between poor sleep and lower WM integrity among females compared to males. These sex differences were even more pronounced in the composite index. This varying association between sleepiness and WM by sex provides a potential avenue for understanding differential vulnerability to neurodegeneration and highlights the need for future sex-specific investigations into the role of sleep in demyelination and brain aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"7 3","pages":"zpag056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13356901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148431737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What matters beyond model choice for wearable sleep staging? How personalization, evaluation choices, and easy-to-classify wake impact performance.","authors":"Eric Canton, Franco Tavella, Christopher Drake, Olivia Walch, Philip Cheng","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag051","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>Methods to improve sleep classification of wearable data often emphasize model choice. However, without widely used benchmark datasets, it is difficult to determine factors driving performance gains (model architecture, dataset selection, or evaluation decisions). This study examines how dataset characteristics influence sleep classification performance beyond model choice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected SleepAccel-Clinical, a dataset of Apple Watch acceleration and polysomnography from 28 individuals with sleep apnea. Neural network models were trained on this dataset alongside SleepAccel (31 healthy individuals) and DREAMT (100 individuals with suspected sleep disorders) to evaluate how training and testing set choices impact performance. All models were compared against an Easy To Classify (ETC) wake model, which estimates wake probability by smoothing and scaling activity in a brief time window. The ETC model's average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) on each dataset was used to quantify intrinsic ease of classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ETC model accounted for substantial amount of the models' performance across the architectures, datasets, and training conditions, with significant correlations (<i>p≪</i> .01) between ETC performance and all other scenarios. Including individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the training data improved performance when testing on datasets in which sleep disorders were suspected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sleep classification performance depends heavily on training and testing dataset characteristics, not solely on model choice. The presence of ETC wake epochs can markedly inflate performance metrics. Researchers should benchmark models on widely available datasets and quantify intrinsic class separability when introducing new datasets. <i>This article is part of the Consumer Sleep Technology Special Collection</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"7 2","pages":"zpag051"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13283449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148304237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep architecture and serum biomarker heterogeneity in obstructive sleep apnea: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Zafer Hasan Ali Sak, Mahmut Ülger, Serif Kurtulus, Hakim Celik, Hamza Erdogdu, Hamdiye Turan","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag046","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>To determine whether sleep architecture is associated with heterogeneity in serum biomarkers of neuronal injury, astroglial stress, tau-related pathology, and neuroplasticity in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults referred for suspected OSA underwent overnight polysomnography and next-morning fasting serum sampling. Primary analyses were restricted to participants with OSA (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] ≥5 events/h; <i>n</i> = 82). Serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), neurofilament light chain (NfL), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP response element-binding protein 1 (CREB1), S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and (phosphorylated microtubule-associated protein tau) p-Tau/human pMAPT/pTAU were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We first examined whole-group correlations between respiratory burden indices (AHI, ODI, and T90) and biomarkers, then fit age- and sex-adjusted linear models with continuous sleep-stage percentages. Median-split stage analyses and stage-stratified correlations were treated as exploratory sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Biomarker availability ranged from 70 to 71 participants. Lower rapid eye movement (REM) percentage was independently associated with higher ln(NSE) (beta = -0.0138 per 1 per cent REM; 95% CI = -0.026 to -0.001; <i>p</i> = .033). Whole-group BDNF correlated inversely with ODI (rho = -0.299, <i>p</i> = .011) and AHI (rho = -0.277, <i>p</i> = .020). In sensitivity analyses, REM-AHI was positively associated with p-Tau/human pMAPT/pTAU (beta = 1.799, <i>p</i> = .006) and GFAP (beta = 2.094, <i>p</i> = .024). Interaction terms testing formal effect modification by REM per cent or N3 per cent were directionally consistent with the hypothesis but did not reach conventional significance. After Bonferroni correction, only the short-REM AHI-BDNF correlation remained significant among exploratory stage-stratified correlations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reduced REM sleep showed the clearest and most reproducible relationship with an adverse peripheral biomarker profile in OSA, specifically higher serum NSE. Sleep architecture may contribute to biomarker heterogeneity, but evidence for stage-dependent modification of hypoxemia-biomarker relationships remains exploratory.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"7 2","pages":"zpag046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13221959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148140104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated sleep stage and event detection algorithms using quality-controlled polysomnography annotations.","authors":"Michiru Kaneda, Sho Ogaki, Tomoyuki Nohara, Syuhei Fujita, Naoshi Osako, Tomoko Yagi, Yasuhiro Tomita, Takanori Ogata","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag054","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>To develop machine learning models for sleep stage classification, arousal detection, and respiratory event detection from overnight polysomnography, and to evaluate their performance relative to expert scorers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Overnight polysomnography recordings were obtained from healthy participants and participants referred for suspected sleep-disordered breathing. Four certified scorers completed calibration sessions and generated reference annotations for sleep stages, arousals, and respiratory events. A subset of recordings was independently annotated by all scorers to support consensus analyses, enabling direct comparison between model outputs and human inter-scorer agreement. Gradient-boosted decision tree models were trained using hand-crafted features derived from standard physiological signals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sleep stage classification achieved an accuracy of 0.840, a Cohen's kappa of 0.791, and an F1-score of 0.841, with limits of agreement for total sleep time of approximately ±0.5 h. Arousal detection achieved an F1-score of 0.733, with limits of agreement for the arousal index of approximately ±15 events/h. Respiratory event detection achieved an F1-score of 0.818, with limits of agreement for the apnea-hypopnea index also within approximately ±15 events/h. In consensus analyses, model performance was comparable to human inter-scorer agreement for sleep stages and arousals, while remaining below human inter-scorer agreement for respiratory events, despite high absolute performance relative to prior studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed models achieved performance approaching human-level agreement across major sleep scoring tasks. These findings indicate that high consistency in expert annotations is a key factor underlying robust model performance and support the use of quality-controlled annotations for developing reliable automated sleep analysis systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"7 2","pages":"zpag054"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13275008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148280259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Traditional Chinese medicine body constitution and sleep quality.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpaf069.].</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"7 2","pages":"zpag039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13159551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147935624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormonal contraceptives impair psychomotor vigilance task performance under sleep deprivation with stress induction.","authors":"Kathryn E R Kennedy, Alisa Huskey, David C Negelspach, Jungwon Cha, Salma I Patel, Brieann C Satterfield, William D S Killgore","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag052","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpag052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>Hormonal contraceptives (HC) have been shown to influence cognitive performance, yet their effects under conditions of sleep deprivation remain poorly understood. Consistent with prior research demonstrating greater fatigue among individuals using HC, we hypothesized that vigilant attention would be impaired among females using HC compared with males and females not using HC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-eight participants (18-30 years; 23 females) underwent 28 hours of total sleep deprivation (TSD) while completing serial stress tasks, psychomotor vigilance tasks (PVT), and providing salivary cortisol samples. Mixed-effects models were constructed with either PVT outcomes or cortisol reactivity as dependent variables, group (males, females not using HC, females using HC) time, and mood induction group as fixed effects, as well as a group-by-time interaction, and participant as a random effect.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Females using HC demonstrated significantly more PVT lapses (F(1,45) = 3.75; <i>p</i> = .031) and a trend toward lower PVT speed (F(2,44) = 3.05; <i>p</i> = .057) than males and females not using HC during the second half of the sleep deprivation period. No significant group differences were observed for PVT reaction time or false starts. Neither self-reported sleepiness, cortisol reactivity, or amplitude differed by group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Use of HC was associated with greater attentional instability following TSD, reflected by increased lapses and reduced vigilance efficiency. These effects occurred independently of cortisol responses. Larger studies are needed to further characterize the cognitive effects of HC use under sleep loss and to elucidate underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"7 2","pages":"zpag052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13274976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148280289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}