David A Kalmbach, Philip Cheng, Anthony N Reffi, Jason C Ong, Leslie M Swanson, Colin A Espie, Grace M Seymour, Mika Hirata, Olivia Walch, D'Angela S Pitts, Thomas Roth, Christopher L Drake
{"title":"Reducing cognitive arousal and sleep effort alleviates insomnia and depression in pregnant women with DSM-5 insomnia disorder treated with a mindfulness sleep program.","authors":"David A Kalmbach, Philip Cheng, Anthony N Reffi, Jason C Ong, Leslie M Swanson, Colin A Espie, Grace M Seymour, Mika Hirata, Olivia Walch, D'Angela S Pitts, Thomas Roth, Christopher L Drake","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad031","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Combining mindfulness with behavioral sleep strategies has been found to alleviate symptoms of insomnia and depression during pregnancy, but mechanisms for this treatment approach remain unclear. The present study examined nocturnal cognitive arousal and sleep effort as potential treatment mechanisms for alleviating insomnia and depression via a mindfulness sleep program for pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary analysis from a proof-of-concept trial of 12 pregnant women with DSM-5 insomnia disorder who were treated with Perinatal Understanding of Mindful Awareness for Sleep (PUMAS), which places behavioral sleep strategies within a mindfulness framework. Data were collected across eight weekly assessments: pretreatment, six sessions, and posttreatment. Measures included the insomnia severity index (ISI), Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS), pre-sleep arousal scale's cognitive factor (PSASC), and the Glasgow sleep effort scale (GSES). We used linear mixed modeling to test cognitive arousal and sleep effort as concurrent and prospective predictors of insomnia and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most patients reported high cognitive arousal before PUMAS (75.0%), which decreased to 8.3% after treatment. All insomnia remitters reported low cognitive arousal after treatment, whereas half of nonremitters continued reporting high cognitive arousal. Both nocturnal cognitive arousal and sleep effort were associated with same-week changes in insomnia throughout treatment, and sleep effort yielded a prospective effect on insomnia. Lower levels of nocturnal cognitive arousal and sleep effort prospectively predicted reductions in depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study offers preliminary evidence that reducing sleep effort and nocturnal cognitive arousal may serve as key mechanisms for alleviating insomnia and depression via mindfulness-based insomnia therapy. ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04443959.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10462399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10123400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cindy L Ehlers, Katherine J Karriker-Jaffe, Rebecca Bernert
{"title":"Poor self-reported sleep quality associated with suicide risk in a community sample of American Indian adults.","authors":"Cindy L Ehlers, Katherine J Karriker-Jaffe, Rebecca Bernert","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad024","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>Although American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) have high suicide rates few studies have systematically investigated sleep quality and its association with suicidal behaviors in AI/AN. This study is a cross-sectional investigation of self-reported sleep quality and suicidal behaviors in an adult AI population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A semi-structured interview was used to collect data on suicidal ideation, suicidal plans, and suicidal attempts and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was collected to assess sleep quality in American Indian adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this sample (<i>n</i> = 477), 91 (19%) of the participants endorsed suicidal ideation (thoughts and plans), and 66 (14%) reported suicidal attempts, including four who subsequently died by suicide. More women reported suicidal thoughts or acts than men. Those endorsing suicidal thoughts slept fewer hours during the night, reported more nocturnal awakenings, and showed poorer subjective sleep quality according to PSQI total scores compared to those with no suicidal thoughts or acts. Participants with suicidal acts (<i>n</i> = 66) reported more bad dreams and higher PSQI total scores compared to those with no suicidal thoughts or acts. When those with any suicidal thoughts or acts (<i>n</i> = 157, 33%) were compared to those without, they were more likely to endorse nocturnal awakenings and bad dreams and demonstrated significantly higher PSQI total scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although additional research is needed to evaluate sleep disturbances as a proximal, causal risk factor for suicidal behaviors in AI, findings highlight need for further study of sleep as a warning sign and intervention tool for suicide prevention among American Indian adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6f/39/zpad024.PMC10246582.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9663806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer M Primack, McKenzie J Quinn, Mary A Carskadon, Caroline S Holman, Sarra Nazem, Madeline R Kelsey, Erick J Fedorenko, Sarah McGeary, Leslie A Brick, John E McGeary
{"title":"Longitudinal assessment of the sleep suicide link in Veterans: methods and study protocol.","authors":"Jennifer M Primack, McKenzie J Quinn, Mary A Carskadon, Caroline S Holman, Sarra Nazem, Madeline R Kelsey, Erick J Fedorenko, Sarah McGeary, Leslie A Brick, John E McGeary","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad025","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although sleep disruption has emerged as a theoretically consistent and empirically supported suicide risk factor, the mechanistic pathways underlying the sleep-suicide link are less understood. This paper describes the methodology of a study intended to examine longitudinal mechanisms driving the link between sleep and suicide in Veterans at elevated suicide risk. Participants will be 140 Veterans hospitalized for suicide attempt or ideation with plan and intent or those identified through the Suicide Prevention Coordinator (SPC) office as being at acute risk. After study enrollment, actigraphy and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) data will be collected for 8 weeks, with follow-up assessments occurring at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 26 weeks. Participants respond to EMA questionnaires, derived from psychometrically validated assessments targeting emotional reactivity, emotion regulation, impulsivity, suicide risk, and sleep timing constructs, five times a day. First and last daily EMA target sleep parameters including sleep quantity, quality, timing, nightmares, and nocturnal awakenings. During follow-up assessments, participants will complete self-report assessments and interviews consistent with EMA constructs and the Iowa Gambling Task. The primary outcome for aim 1 is suicide ideation severity and for the primary outcome for aim 2 is suicide behavior. Findings from this study will improve our understanding of the dynamic interactions among sleep disturbance, emotion reactivity/regulation, and impulsivity to inform conceptual Veteran sleep-suicide mechanistic models. Improved models will be critical to optimizing the precision of suicide prevention efforts that aim to intervene and mitigate risk in Veteran populations, especially during a period of acute risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10254730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9975328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: The duration of caffeine treatment plays an essential role in its effect on sleep and circadian rhythm.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad014.].</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10166160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9469693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: Ultra-short objective alertness assessment: an adaptive duration version of the 3 minute PVT (PVT-BA) accurately tracks changes in psychomotor vigilance induced by sleep restriction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad022","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac038.].</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5b/97/zpad022.PMC10109075.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9476444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hosein Aghayan Golkashani, Shohreh Ghorbani, Ruth L F Leong, Ju Lynn Ong, Michael W L Chee
{"title":"Advantage conferred by overnight sleep on schema-related memory may last only a day.","authors":"Hosein Aghayan Golkashani, Shohreh Ghorbani, Ruth L F Leong, Ju Lynn Ong, Michael W L Chee","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad019","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>Sleep contributes to declarative memory consolidation. Independently, schemas benefit memory. Here we investigated how sleep compared with active wake benefits schema consolidation 12 and 24 hours after initial learning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-three adolescents (age: 15-19 years) randomly assigned into sleep and active wake groups participated in a schema-learning protocol based on transitive inference (i.e. If B > C and C > D then B > D). Participants were tested immediately after learning and following 12-, and 24-hour intervals of wake or sleep for both the adjacent (e.g. B-C, C-D; relational memory) and inference pairs: (e.g.: B-D, B-E, and C-E). Memory performance following the respective 12- and 24-hour intervals were analyzed using a mixed ANOVA with schema (schema, no-schema) as the within-participant factor, and condition (sleep, wake) as the between-participant factor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve hours after learning, there were significant main effects of condition (sleep, wake) and schema, as well as a significant interaction, whereby schema-related memory was significantly better in the sleep condition compared to wake. Higher sleep spindle density was most consistently associated with greater overnight schema-related memory benefit. After 24 hours, the memory advantage of initial sleep was diminished.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overnight sleep preferentially benefits schema-related memory consolidation following initial learning compared with active wake, but this advantage may be eroded after a subsequent night of sleep. This is possibly due to delayed consolidation that might occur during subsequent sleep opportunities in the wake group.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial information: </strong>Name: Investigating Preferred Nap Schedules for Adolescents (NFS5) URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04044885. Registration: NCT04044885.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/64/05/zpad019.PMC10155747.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9479113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hans P A Van Dongen, Mathias Basner, Janet M Mullington, Michele Carlin
{"title":"Foreword: Festschrift in honor of David Dinges, scientist and mentor extraordinaire.","authors":"Hans P A Van Dongen, Mathias Basner, Janet M Mullington, Michele Carlin","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad020","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10658658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43141898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From ontogenesis to clinical practice: waking up to infant sleep.","authors":"Thomas F Anders","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad017","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article describes the author's research journey exploring infant and toddler sleep. From polygraphic recording in hospital nurseries to using videosomnography in homes, the author traced the longitudinal development of infant/toddler nighttime sleep and waking behaviors. The home-based video observations led to a redefinition of a pediatric milestone; namely, \"sleeping through the night,\" and provided a framework for assessing and treating infant/toddler nighttime sleep problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10104392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9479112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rammy Dang, Xiaoming Feng, Monika Haack, Janet M Mullington
{"title":"Timing of restricted sleep: mood and neurobehavioral outcomes in healthy sleepers.","authors":"Rammy Dang, Xiaoming Feng, Monika Haack, Janet M Mullington","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad018","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpad018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Study Objective To evaluate how nocturnal timing of sleep restriction affects vigilant attention and mood in healthy controls with normal sleep–wake patterns. Methods A convenience sample from two controlled sleep restriction protocols were used to investigate the difference between 4 hours of sleep early in the night, versus 4 hours late in the night. Volunteers stayed in a hospital setting and were randomized to one of the three conditions: a control (8 hours of sleep each night), an early short sleep (ESS, 2300–0300 hours), and a late short sleep (LSS, 0300–0700 hours). Participants were evaluated with psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) and mood ratings via visual analog scales. Results Short sleep conditions led to greater performance decrements than control on PVT. LSS performance impairments were greater than control (lapses, p = 0.011; median RT, p = 0.029; fastest 10%, p = 0.038; reciprocal RT, p = 0.014; and reciprocal 10%, p = 0.005), but had higher positive mood ratings (p = 0.005). LSS also had higher positive mood ratings compared with ESS (p < 0.001). Conclusions The data underscore the negative mood impact of waking at an adverse circadian phase, for healthy controls. In addition, the paradoxical relationship between mood and performance seen in LSS raises concerns that staying up late and waking at the usual rise time may be rewarding in terms of mood, but nonetheless have performance consequences that may not be fully recognized.","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10109842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9479109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}