Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society最新文献

{"title":"Beyond continuous positive airway pressure for cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.","authors":"William J Healy, Vaishnavi Kundel, Pam R Taub, Yeilim Cho, Sara J Healy, Younghoon Kwon","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An accumulating body of evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between sleep and cardiovascular (CV) health. A high level of evidence has linked obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Accordingly, clinical sleep medicine emphasizes the diagnosis and treatment of OSA in the context of promoting CV health. While continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), the mainstay treatment for OSA, is effective in improving several sleep-related quality-of-life outcomes and leads to modest reductions in blood pressure, there is currently insufficient evidence to justify using CPAP alone for improving CVD outcomes in OSA. Sleep physicians are uniquely positioned to expand their focus beyond the evaluation of OSA and administering CPAP, in efforts to enhance the CV health of sleep patients. Herein, we suggest the role of sleep physicians as CV preventionists. Key focus areas for managing CV risk beyond CPAP therapy in OSA include identifying comorbid disorders that are vital for optimizing CV health. This involves risk-stratifying patients and providing appropriate counseling, referrals, and treatment as appropriate for comorbid sleep conditions such as insomnia and insufficient sleep, comorbid CV risk factors including hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, as well as counseling for weight management programs, smoking, and alcohol cessation. We urge sleep clinicians to play an active and integral role in optimizing the CV health of patients with sleep disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"zpae094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bidirectional links between sleep and pain among heavy-drinking veterans with insomnia.","authors":"Eunjin Lee Tracy, Christine J So, Sydney D Shoemaker, Jill A Kanaley, Timothy Trull, Camila Manrique-Acevedo, Christina S McCrae, Brian Borsari, Mary Beth Miller","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae089","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>Military veterans often suffer from chronic pain and sleep issues at a greater frequency than the general population, leading some to self-medicate with alcohol. While research shows a connection between sleep and pain, few studies have examined bidirectional links between sleep and pain at the daily level-or the extent to which alcohol use may moderate these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Heavy-drinking veterans seeking treatment for insomnia (<i>N</i> = 109, 82.5% male, mean age 38.9 years) completed 14 days of morning diaries documenting sleep patterns, pain intensity, and alcohol consumption. Multilevel modeling examined within- and between-person associations between sleep (quality, duration, and efficiency) and next-day pain as well as pain and same-night sleep.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with longer sleep duration, better sleep quality, and higher sleep efficiency (SE) reported lower pain levels compared to those with shorter sleep, poorer sleep quality, and lower SE (<i>p</i> values <.001 to .01). In addition, on days when individuals experienced better sleep quality compared to their own average, they reported lower pain levels the following day (<i>p</i> = .01). In contrast to hypotheses, daily pain levels did not predict sleep outcomes at the daily within-person level, although significant between-person correlations were noted. Daily alcohol intake did not affect these relationships.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sleep quality is associated with the daily experience of pain among heavy-drinking veterans with insomnia. Daily variations in sleep quality significantly impact pain, irrespective of alcohol consumption, highlighting a predominantly unidirectional influence from sleep to pain. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing sleep to mitigate pain in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"zpae089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive benefits of sleep: a narrative review to explore the relevance of glucose regulation.","authors":"Evelina De Longis, Amira Kassis, Noëla Rémond-Derbez, Rohith Thota, Christian Darimont, Laurence Donato-Capel, Julie Hudry","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae095","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep is essential for maintaining optimal health. Both sleep duration and quality have been linked to various physiological functions and physical and mental health outcomes. Nutrition has been shown to impact sleep parameters, from the nutrient composition of foods, such as tryptophan levels, to the physiological response to foods, such as the glucose response. However, the relationship between glycemic control and sleep, and its impact on next-day benefits, particularly on cognitive performance, remains complex and is not fully understood. This narrative review aims to explore the relationship between glycemia and sleep, and how it may affect cognitive performance the following day. The review includes data from observational and interventional studies, discussing mechanisms of action that may explain the modulating effect of glycemia on sleep and cognition. The evidence suggests that lower postprandial glucose and low variation of nocturnal glucose are associated with better sleep quality and shorter sleep onset latency. Good sleep quality, in turn, is positively associated with cognitive processes such as sustained attention and memory consolidation measured the next day after sleep. Future research opportunities lie in investigating the effects of modulating the glycemic and insulinemic responses through evening meals on sleep quality and next-day cognitive performance. Well-designed clinical trials involving healthy individuals are necessary to establish the effects of these interventions. Controlling glycemic and insulinemic profiles through the evening meal may have significant implications for improving sleep quality and cognitive performance, with potential impact on individual mental health, productivity, and overall well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"6 1","pages":"zpae095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143030432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemogenetic activation of astrocytes modulates sleep-wakefulness states in a brain region-dependent manner.","authors":"Yuta Kurogi, Tomomi Sanagi, Daisuke Ono, Tomomi Tsunematsu","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae091","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>Astrocytes change their intracellular calcium (Ca²⁺) concentration during sleep/wakefulness states in mice. Furthermore, the Ca²⁺ dynamics in astrocytes vary depending on the brain region. However, it remains unclear whether alterations in astrocyte activity can affect sleep-wake states and cortical oscillations in a brain region-dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Astrocyte activity was artificially manipulated in mice using chemogenetics. Astrocytes in the hippocampus and pons, which are 2 brain regions previously classified into different clusters based on their Ca²⁺ dynamics during sleep-wakefulness, were focused on to compare whether there are differences in the effects of astrocytes from different brain regions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The chemogenetic activation of astrocytes in the hippocampus significantly decreased the total time of wakefulness and increased the total time of sleep. This had little effect on cortical oscillations in all sleep-wakefulness states. On the other hand, the activation of astrocytes in the pons substantially suppressed rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in association with a decreased number of REM episodes, indicating strong inhibition of REM onset. Regarding cortical oscillations, the delta wave component during non-REM sleep was significantly enhanced.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that astrocytes modulate sleep-wakefulness states and cortical oscillations. Furthermore, the role of astrocytes in sleep-wakefulness states appears to vary among brain regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"zpae091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The lack of thematic continuity in dreams with scene and plot discontinuities.","authors":"Robert Stickgold, Funke Sangodeyi","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae093","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A central tenet of Freudian dream theory holds that there is thematic coherence within all dreams, even those containing scene and plot discontinuities. While other models support varying degrees of dream coherence, none address the question of how, or even whether, coherence can be identified in dreams with such discontinuities. Here, we objectively test the ability of judges to evaluate the coherence of individual dream narratives. Twenty reports with complete scene and plot discontinuities were collected, and half were cut apart at their discontinuities and their two halves spliced together with segments from dreams of other subjects. The remaining 10 reports were left intact. Judges correctly identified reports as intact or spliced only 57% of the time, a rate only slightly better than chance. Only 3 of the 20 reports, one intact and two spliced, were reliably scored correctly, while one intact report was mis-scored by 80% of the judges. Judges had no greater confidence in correct decisions than incorrect ones. Dream report features identified by the judges that were effectively used in scoring dreams included characters, locations and objects, while psychoanalytic content and writing style were least effectively used. In sum, we find no evidence that dream construction consistently results in identifiable thematic coherence. Rather, scene and plot discontinuities in many cases represent such complete breaks as to be unrecognizable. We conclude that the finding of continuity by those reading these reports reflects ineluctable synthetic activity in the mind of the dream researcher or analyst rather than in the mind of the dreamer. This paper is part of the Festschrift in honor of Dr. Robert Stickgold.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"6 1","pages":"zpae093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthologs of <i>Drosophila pointed</i> and <i>Arginine kinase 1</i> impact sleep in mice.","authors":"Susan T Harbison, Morteza Peiravi, Fan Zhang, Shemsiya Yimam, Audrey Noguchi, Danielle Springer","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae092","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Model organisms such as <i>Drosophila</i> are powerful tools to study the genetic basis of sleep. Previously, we identified the genes <i>pointed</i> and <i>Arginine kinase 1</i> using selective breeding for long and short sleep duration in an outbred population of <i>Drosophila</i>. <i>pointed</i> is a transcription factor that is part of the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway, while <i>Arginine kinase 1</i> is involved in proline and arginine metabolism. Conserved orthologs of these genes exist in mice, leading us to hypothesize that they would also impact sleep in a murine model. We generated mutations in the murine orthologs <i>Ets1</i> and <i>Ckm</i> using CRISPR in a C57BL/6N background and used video analysis to measure sleep in the mice. Both mutations affected sleep parameters, and the effects were observed predominantly in female mice, with males showing fewer differences from littermate controls. The study of natural populations in flies therefore leads to candidate genes with functional conservation on sleep in mammals.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"zpae092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11683587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142908083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does fragmented sleep mediate the relationship between deficits in sleep spindles and memory consolidation in schizophrenia?","authors":"Dimitrios Mylonas, Rudra Patel, Olivia Larson, Lin Zhu, Mark Vangel, Bryan Baxter, Dara S Manoach","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae090","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>Sleep spindles, defining electroencephalographic oscillations of nonrapid eye movement (NREM) stage 2 sleep (N2), mediate sleep-dependent memory consolidation (SDMC). Spindles are also thought to protect sleep continuity by suppressing thalamocortical sensory relay. Schizophrenia is characterized by spindle deficits and a correlated reduction of SDMC. We investigated whether this relationship is mediated by sleep fragmentation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We detected spindles (12-15 Hz) during N2 at central electrodes in overnight polysomnography records from 56 participants with chronic schizophrenia and 59 healthy controls. Our primary measures of sleep continuity were the sleep fragmentation index and, in a subset of the data, visually scored arousals. SDMC was measured as overnight improvement on the finger-tapping motor sequence task.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with schizophrenia showed reductions of both spindle density (#/min) and SDMC in the context of normal sleep continuity and architecture. Spindle density predicted SDMC in both groups. In contrast, neither increased sleep fragmentation nor arousals predicted lower spindle density or worse SDMC in either group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings fail to support the hypothesis that sleep fragmentation accounts for spindle deficits, impaired SDMC, or their relationship in individuals with chronic schizophrenia. Instead, our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that spindle deficits directly impair memory consolidation in schizophrenia. Since sleep continuity and architecture are intact in this population, research aimed at developing interventions should instead focus on understanding dysfunction within the thalamocortical-hippocampal circuitry that both generates spindles and synchronizes them with other NREM oscillations to mediate SDMC.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"6 1","pages":"zpae090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic review: differences in complete blood count component rhythms.","authors":"Anna Busza, Vani Sharma, Kendall Ferguson, Andrea Fawcett, Justin Knoll, Marta Iwanaszko, Phyllis Zee, Anna Fishbein","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae086","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>The complete blood count (CBC) is one of the most commonly ordered blood tests with a large range of reference values that does not consider time of day for interpretation. Our objective was to systematically review this topic to report on peak and trough timing of CBC values.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was performed for studies evaluating any component of the CBC with at least three collections over 24 hours. The studies were screened based on the predetermined eligibility criteria. Meta-analysis of aggregated data was analyzed with polynomial functions and forest plots.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 164 full-text articles were screened and 32 included in the final analysis with 548 total patients considering either leukocytes (<i>n</i> = 13), erythrocytes (<i>n</i> = 7), hemoglobin (<i>n</i> = 5), hematocrit (<i>n</i> = 5), platelets (<i>n</i> = 12), neutrophils (<i>n</i> = 11), lymphocytes (<i>n</i> = 13), monocytes (<i>n</i> = 8), eosinophils (<i>n</i> = 15), or basophils (<i>n</i> = 9). CBC components were analyzed by polynomial and forest plot analysis. Lymphocytes fitted best to a third-degree polynomial function (<i>p</i> = .010) with peak at 2264.87 cells/µL at 23:54 (CI: 1783.44 to 2746.31) with a trough of 1598.91 cells/µL at 10:47 (CI: 1230.12 to 1967.71). Lymphocytes and eosinophils peaked overnight, while erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit peaked in the morning, and platelets, neutrophils, monocytes, and basophils peaked in late afternoon. Limitations include small sample size and significant study heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified a limited scope of studies characterizing CBC component rhythms. However, we still noted significant differences, particularly with lymphocytes. Future work should evaluate larger datasets to inform time-dependent interpretation of the CBC as we move toward precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"zpae086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison analysis between standard polysomnographic data and in-ear-electroencephalography signals: a preliminary study.","authors":"Gianpaolo Palo, Luigi Fiorillo, Giuliana Monachino, Michal Bechny, Michel Wälti, Elias Meier, Francesca Pentimalli Biscaretti di Ruffia, Mark Melnykowycz, Athina Tzovara, Valentina Agostini, Francesca Dalia Faraci","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae087","DOIUrl":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>Polysomnography (PSG) currently serves as the benchmark for evaluating sleep disorders. Its discomfort makes long-term monitoring unfeasible, leading to bias in sleep quality assessment. Hence, less invasive, cost-effective, and portable alternatives need to be explored. One promising contender is the in-ear-electroencephalography (EEG) sensor. This study aims to establish a methodology to assess the similarity between the single-channel in-ear-EEG and standard PSG derivations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involves 4-hour signals recorded from 10 healthy subjects aged 18-60 years. Recordings are analyzed following two complementary approaches: (1) a hypnogram-based analysis aimed at assessing the agreement between PSG and in-ear-EEG-derived hypnograms; and (2) a feature- and analysis-based on time- and frequency-domain feature extraction, unsupervised feature selection, and definition of Feature-based Similarity Index via Jensen-Shannon Divergence (JSD-FSI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We find large variability between PSG and in-ear-EEG hypnograms scored by the same sleep expert according to Cohen's kappa metric, with significantly greater agreements for PSG scorers than for in-ear-EEG scorers (<i>p</i> < .001) based on Fleiss' kappa metric. On average, we demonstrate a high similarity between PSG and in-ear-EEG signals in terms of JSD-FSI-0.79 ± 0.06-awake, 0.77 ± 0.07-nonrapid eye movement, and 0.67 ± 0.10-rapid eye movement-and in line with the similarity values computed independently on standard PSG channel combinations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In-ear-EEG is a valuable solution for home-based sleep monitoring; however, further studies with a larger and more heterogeneous dataset are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"zpae087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11672114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of intentions on dream content.","authors":"Julia Fechner, Maren Born, Massimiliano Mancini, Zeynep Akata, Philipp Haag, Susanne Diekelmann, Jan Born","doi":"10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>The \"Zeigarnik effect\" refers to the phenomenon where future intentions are remembered effectively only as long as they are not executed. This study investigates whether these intentions, which remain active during sleep, influence dream content.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After an adaptation night, each of the 19 participants (10 women and 9 men) received three different task plans in the evening before the experimental night, each describing how to perform specific tasks. One of the task plans (completed) was then to be executed before the sleep period, another task (uncompleted) was told to be executed in the next morning, and on the third task (interrupted) participants were interrupted during the enactment before sleep and told to resume it the next morning. Polysomnography and multiple awakenings were conducted, resulting in 86 dream reports, 36 in NREM stage 2, and 50 in rapid eye movement sleep. After a traditional rating-based analysis of dream reports yielded inconsistent results, we analyzed the reports using a transformer-based assessment of dream incorporation, which quantified the semantic similarity between the dreams and pre-sleep tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of dreams showing above-criterion similarity to the respective task was significantly lower for the completed than the uncompleted or interrupted tasks (<i>p</i> < .05, χ² test). This pattern was confirmed through a forced choice approach, where-based on the similarity of single sentences of the dream reports-each dream report was allocated to one of the three task plans (<i>p</i> < 0.01, one-tailed χ² test).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Active intentions increase the likelihood of dream content being semantically similar to these intentions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74808,"journal":{"name":"Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"zpae088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}