RadiochemistryPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1134/S106636222405014X
K. Yu. Mokrov
{"title":"Determination of the Fractionation Coefficient of Cesium-137 in an Aqueous Aerosol under Laboratory Condiotions","authors":"K. Yu. Mokrov","doi":"10.1134/S106636222405014X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106636222405014X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is known that the concentration ratio of chemical elements in an aqueous aerosol (AA) can differ significantly from that of the same elements in the aqueous medium (AM) from which this AA was formed. Different accumulation (fractionation) of elements in AA occurs in the surface microlayer of water and is observed only for water-soluble microimpurities, whereas dissolved salts present in macroscopic concentrations undergo no accumulation. For radionuclides, the relative fractionation coefficient <i>F</i>(<i>X</i>/Cs) is defined as the degree of accumulation of the activity of radionuclide <i>X</i> in AA relative to another, reference radionuclide (<sup>137</sup>Cs). The values of <i>F</i>(<i>X</i>/Cs) were determined previously under natural conditions in the region of V-9 intermediate-level liquid radioactive waste storage reservoir (Lake Karachay) by analyzing the ratio of the volume activities of the radionuclides in water, <i>R</i><sup>W</sup>(Cs/<i>X</i>), and in AA (in air), <i>R</i><sup>A</sup>(Cs/<i>X</i>): <i>F</i>(<i>X</i>/Cs) = <i>R</i><sup>A</sup>(Cs/<i>X</i>)/<i>R</i><sup>W</sup>(Cs/<i>X</i>). Attempts to estimate the absolute fractionation coefficient of <sup>137</sup>Cs, <i>F</i>(Cs), in AA relative to its content in AM failed. A procedure was suggested for determining the absolute fractionation coefficient of <sup>137</sup>Cs, <i>F</i>(Cs), in AA relative to its content in AM under laboratory conditions. The procedure was tested with a model AM with the parameters close to those of V-9 reservoir (<sup>137</sup>Cs volume activity 0.17 MBq/L, dry residue ~10 g/L). The integral value of <i>F</i>(<sup>137</sup>Cs) for the model AM (for all the aqueous aerosol particles of size smaller than ~100 μm) varied from 4.4 to 6.5.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"66 5","pages":"702 - 708"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RadiochemistryPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1134/S1066362224050102
L. Yu. Jabbarova, I. I. Mustafaev
{"title":"Optimal Temperatures and Dose Rates in Radiation-Thermal Processing of Oil Bitumen Sands","authors":"L. Yu. Jabbarova, I. I. Mustafaev","doi":"10.1134/S1066362224050102","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362224050102","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article presents the results of studies of the effect of heat and ionizing radiation on oil extraction from natural bitumen sands (BS) of Azerbaijan. The combined effect of heat (20–500°C) and ionizing radiation at dose rates of 1 and 470 Gy/s was studied. The reactions of radical products generated by ionizing radiation depend on the temperature and rate of their generation, determined by the radiation power. The ratio of the rates of thermal and radiation-thermal reactions is the most universal characteristic. This value is a function of temperature and dose rate. The temperature and dose rate intervals for radiation-thermal processing of oil bitumen sands are calculated. The results obtained allow the evaluation of possibility of obtaining oil products by the radiation-thermal (RT) method. The use of radiation technologies for the organization of industrial production of synthetic oil from natural bitumen sands and heavy oils will have a positive effect from the point of view of environmental protection, since materials that pollute the environment are used in the production of electricity.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"66 5","pages":"709 - 718"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RadiochemistryPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1134/S1066362224050114
A. A. Baklay, N. A. Makovskaya, T. G. Leontieva, D. A. Kuzmuk, A. S. Onischuk, L. N. Mаskalchuk
{"title":"137Cs Sorption on the Loams of the Republic of Belarus","authors":"A. A. Baklay, N. A. Makovskaya, T. G. Leontieva, D. A. Kuzmuk, A. S. Onischuk, L. N. Mаskalchuk","doi":"10.1134/S1066362224050114","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362224050114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It was established that the content of the main clay minerals in the loam sample from the Fanipolskoye deposit is 13.6 wt % for montmorillonite and 3.3 wt % for illite. It was determined that the pH of solution in the range of 4–12 has virtually no effect on <sup>137</sup>Cs<sup>+</sup> sorption by the loam. The distribution coefficient (<i>K</i><sub>d</sub>) of <sup>137</sup>Cs for the specified loam sample with a K<sup>+</sup> concentration in the solution of up to 0.01 mol/dm<sup>3</sup> is higher than 10<sup>3</sup> dm<sup>3</sup>/kg, which indicates that the <sup>137</sup>Cs sorption is efficient. The loam contains two types of sorption sites, T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub>, with different selectivity and capacity toward Cs<sup>+</sup>. The sorption capacities of sites T<sub>1</sub> and T<sub>2</sub> for Cs are 4.0 × 10<sup>–5</sup> and 1.2 × 10<sup>–2</sup> mol/kg, respectively, and the values of <i>K</i><sub>d</sub> of Cs for these sites differ by a factor of 20 and are 1.6 × 10<sup>4</sup> and 7.9 × 10<sup>2</sup> dm<sup>3</sup>/kg. The loam from the Fanipolskoye deposit is shown to be suitable as a buffer backfill for the disposal site of very low-level radioactive waste from the Belarusian NPP.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"66 5","pages":"663 - 668"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RadiochemistryPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1134/S1066362224050035
V. L. Sofronov, V. A. Lavrentyev
{"title":"Obtaining Nitric Acid Solutions of Uranyl at Deficiency of NO3– Anions","authors":"V. L. Sofronov, V. A. Lavrentyev","doi":"10.1134/S1066362224050035","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362224050035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The dissolution of uranium oxides of various chemical compositions at different nitric acid solution concentrations and flow rates with obtaining uranyl nitrate solutions with a deficiency of NO<sub>3</sub><sup>–</sup> anions was studied. The dependences of the solubility of uranyl hydroxonitrates on the nitric acid deficiency relative to stoichiometry and temperature were determined. It was shown that the solubility of hydroxonitrates in these solutions is higher than the solubility of uranyl nitrates obtained with stoichiometric or excess nitric acid content. In addition, the solubility of hydroxonitrates increases with temperature. The kinetics of uranium oxide dissolution in various temperature regimes with the formation of solutions with nitric acid deficiency relative to stoichiometry were studied. The initial dissolution rate of U<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub> in uranyl nitrate solution was determined in the temperature range from 40 to 104°C.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"66 5","pages":"614 - 623"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RadiochemistryPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1134/S1066362224050126
Е. V. Polyakov, V. N. Krasilnikov, I. V. Volkov, A. A. Ioshin
{"title":"Sorption Statics of Cr(VI), Mo(VI), W(VI), Se(IV) Oxygen Anions by Nanostructured Al2O3||C Composite","authors":"Е. V. Polyakov, V. N. Krasilnikov, I. V. Volkov, A. A. Ioshin","doi":"10.1134/S1066362224050126","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362224050126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>By the methods of thermodynamic modeling, sorption diagnostics, analysis of particle zeta-potential, and UV-Vis spectrometry the equilibrium conditions of sorption interaction of CrO<sub>4</sub><sup>2–</sup>, MoO<sub>4</sub><sup>2–</sup>, WO<sub>4</sub><sup>2–</sup>, SeO<sub>3</sub><sup>2–</sup> oxygen anions in the region of chemical stability of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>||C composite have been analyzed. The anion sorption isotherms are shown to follow the Langmuir model for a monoenergetic sorbent. The Henry region is observed at concentrations less than 1 μM. According to the established mechanism of surface complexation, the value of anions protonation constant (<i>K</i><sub>1</sub>) in the investigated pH range determines the sorption activity of the composite to these anions. This explains the correlation found between the ratio of parameters of acid–base sites {Al–O<sup>–</sup>}, {Al–HO<sup>0</sup>}, and {Al–OH<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup>} of composite <i>K</i><sub>M</sub>(1,2) and the protonation constant of anion <i>K</i><sub>1</sub>. It is shown that the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>||C composite concentrates from dilute solutions both cations of <i>d</i>-, <i>f</i>-elements and oxygen anions of <i>d</i>-elements with the value of log <i>K</i><sub>d</sub> [mL/g] > 4, thereby exhibiting the properties of collective action sorbent.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"66 5","pages":"669 - 678"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RadiochemistryPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1134/S1066362224050138
P. A. Bobrov, N. V. Silich, N. P. Starovoitov, S. V. Korenev
{"title":"Thermal Degradation of Organic Compounds in Radioactive Suspensions","authors":"P. A. Bobrov, N. V. Silich, N. P. Starovoitov, S. V. Korenev","doi":"10.1134/S1066362224050138","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362224050138","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thermal degradation of radioactive concentrates in the oxidizing medium at temperatures of up to 900°C was studied by DSC–TG. The presence of significant amounts of organic compounds in the concentrates was confirmed. The degradation of organic compounds in the concentrates occurs in steps and is accompanied by thermal effects in the temperature range 170–900°С. Oxidative treatment of the concentrate with Fenton’s reagent decreases the content of organic compounds by a factor of 2–5. High-temperature drying of the concentrate at a temperature higher than 450°С allows virtually complete removal of organic compounds from the waste, which improves the safety of the long-term waste storage. The concentrate weight loss decreases as the drying temperature is increased. The high-temperature drying opens prospects for preparing compounds that will be safer from the viewpoint of final disposal.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"66 5","pages":"679 - 688"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RadiochemistryPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1134/S1066362224050217
A. Gayathri, S. Murugesan
{"title":"A Statistical Evaluation of the Chemical Analysis, Magnetic Properties, and Radioactive Factors in Sand from the Cauvery and Palar Rivers, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"A. Gayathri, S. Murugesan","doi":"10.1134/S1066362224050217","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362224050217","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Cauvery and Palar are two significant rivers in Tamil Nadu, India. These rivers produce electricity and water for drinking and irrigation and provide sand for building construction. Uranium, thorium, and potassium are examples of naturally occurring radioactive elements that have been studied for Cauvery and Palar river soil. The radiation levels and possible human exposure were measured using specialized equipment. The annual radiation dose and the amount of radiation that the body absorbs both indoors and outdoors were other factors examined in the study. Several risk indicators were also evaluated to determine the possible health risks associated with this radiation. According to the study, most of radioactive levels in the rivers fall within the usual range compared to worldwide averages. It indicates that there is no substantial radioactive risk in the Cauvery River (except from site number 20). The radiation levels in site no. 6 of Palar River are three times higher than the global average, indicating a slight increase in radiation levels. Metals including copper, zinc, nickel, chromium, and iron were also examined. The correlations between these elements in the riverbeds with magnetic characteristics, radiation exposure levels, and possible dangers was also studied. The comprehension of the distribution of radiation and its relationship to other environmental factors was aided by this analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"66 5","pages":"752 - 763"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RadiochemistryPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1134/S1066362224050230
G. D. Artem’ev, Yu. V. Konevnik, A. P. Novikov, A. V. Safonov
{"title":"Sorption of Uranium, Neptunium, and Plutonium onto Pyrite, Siderite, and Hematite after Their Microbial Transformation under the Conditions of Upper Aquifers","authors":"G. D. Artem’ev, Yu. V. Konevnik, A. P. Novikov, A. V. Safonov","doi":"10.1134/S1066362224050230","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362224050230","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The influence of microorganisms collected from observation wells near the conserved liquid radioactive waste (RW) repository, B-2 reservoir, of the Siberian Chemical Combine on the immobilization of uranium, plutonium, and neptunium on pyrite, siderite, and goethite was studied. The results of laboratory experiments and thermodynamic simulation data show that the microbial transformation of iron-bearing minerals leads to an increase in the immobilization of actinides due to the appearance of new biogenic iron oxide/hydroxide/carbonate and iron sulfide mineral phases.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"66 5","pages":"774 - 781"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RadiochemistryPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1134/S1066362224050072
K. S. Bobrovskaya, R. A. Kuznetsov, M. N. Lisova, A. N. Fomin
{"title":"Support Loading Effect on Extraction Chromatography Separation of Ytterbium and Lutetium Using 2-Ethylhexylphosphonic Acid Mono-2-ethylhexyl Ester Based Sorbent","authors":"K. S. Bobrovskaya, R. A. Kuznetsov, M. N. Lisova, A. N. Fomin","doi":"10.1134/S1066362224050072","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362224050072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of the extractant content on the efficiency of ytterbium and lutetium separation from nitric acid solutions was studied for a sorbent made by impregnating Prefilter resin with 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester. It is shown that the distribution ratios of Yb and Lu and their retention coefficients in the column increase as the extractant content increases. At the nitric acid concentration of 1.5 M, the effective separation of Yb and Lu is provided by the sorbent containing at least 40 wt % extractant. When separating equal amounts of Yb and Lu (0.5 mg each) in a column with 10 cm<sup>3</sup> of sorbent at an elution rate of 1 mL/min and a temperature of 50°C, the yield of lutetium in the purified fraction exceeds 85%, providing Yb relative content in the Lu fraction less than 0.14% (1 atom of Yb per 700 atoms of Lu).</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"66 5","pages":"639 - 649"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RadiochemistryPub Date : 2024-12-11DOI: 10.1134/S1066362224050241
G. A. Badun, V. A. Bunyaev, M. G. Chernysheva
{"title":"Erratum to: Preparation of High-Labeled Graphene Oxide by Tritium Thermal Activation Method Application for in the Betavoltaic Cell of a Nuclear Battery","authors":"G. A. Badun, V. A. Bunyaev, M. G. Chernysheva","doi":"10.1134/S1066362224050241","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362224050241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"66 5","pages":"786 - 786"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S1066362224050241.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}