Radiochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Small Molecules Labeled with Fluorine-18 as Inhibitors of Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) for PET Imaging of Tumors","authors":"O. S. Fedorova,&nbsp;R. N. Krasikova","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225060025","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225060025","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements made in PET radiotracers based on low-molecular-mass inhibitors of fibroblast (major component of tumor microenvironment) activation protein (FAPIs). Two approaches to the synthesis of the radiotracers based on an effective FAPI, <i>N</i>-(4-quinolinoyl)-glycyl-2-cyanopyrrolidine (UAMC1110), are discussed. The first approach is “pseudo-chelation” of fluorine-18 in the form of the [¹⁸F]AlF²⁺ cation by NOTA chelator. The second approach is based on classical methods for preparing FAPI radiotracers with ¹⁸F–C covalent bond by aliphatic nucleophilic substitution, copper-catalyzed radiofluorination of nonactivated arenes, indirect label introduction into a linker-modified UAMC1110 molecule using various radio synthons, etc. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of the new FAPI agents with the ¹⁸F–C covalent bond, such as affinity for FAP, selectivity, lipophilicity, and tumor uptake, which determine their potential application in cancer diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 6","pages":"785 - 806"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147337821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Cleanup Criteria Due to Possible Radiological Hazard in Some Tantalite Mining Sites in Oke-Ogun, Oyo State, Nigeria","authors":"A. A. Ekundayo,&nbsp;B. P. Ebibuloami,&nbsp;T. A. Temitope,&nbsp;D. W. Timothy,&nbsp;A. S. Kunle,&nbsp;O. O. Janet,&nbsp;M. J. Tolulope,&nbsp;M. Bahati,&nbsp;A. Khairul","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225060281","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225060281","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Artisanal mining of solid minerals exposes workers to ionizing radiation from naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) present in ores. This study assessed radiological hazards of artisan miners and established clean-up criteria for the selected mining sites at Komu, Sepeteri, Gbedu, and Eluku mining sites in the Oke-Ogun region of Oyo State, Nigeria. Seventeen soil samples were randomly collected and analyzed for activity concentrations of radionuclides (²²⁶Ra, ²³⁸U, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K) using a high-purity germanium gamma spectrometer. Residual radioactivity (RESRAD) 7.2 code software was used to determine the cleanup criteria and radiological risk, viz., the effective dose and cancer risk of miners for the sites. The activity concentrations (Bq/kg) ranged from 29 ± 5 to 261 ± 8 for ²²⁶Ra, from 1.03 ± 0.25 to 318.38 ± 121 for ²³²Th, from 66 ± 20 to 194 ± 61 for ²³⁸U, and from 71 ± 4 to 1708 ± 98 for ⁴⁰K. The RESRAD results showed that all sites exceeded the permissible limit, with the sum of the radionuclide activity concentration fractions in the soil ranging from 1.48 to 7.16 and being greater than unity. The estimated effective dose for all the sites is between 0.11 ̶ 0.47 mSv/year over 1–27 years of exposure. The value for the cancer risk is in the range (6.51–10.3) × 10^–4 for up to 15-year continuous operation at the sites. The study reveals that the artisanal miners are at risk, and appropriate remediation for all the sites is strongly recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 6","pages":"1003 - 1013"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147337826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crystal Structure of a Copper-Containing Uranyl Vanadate, Cu(UO2)2(V2O8)(H2O)4","authors":"I. V. Kornyakov,&nbsp;Ya. G. Tagirova,&nbsp;E. N. Kotel’nikova,&nbsp;V. V. Gurzhiy","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225060037","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225060037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydrothermal synthesis yielded single crystals of a copper uranyl vanadate, Cu(UO₂)₂(V₂O₈)(H₂O)₄. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system: space group <i>C</i>2<i>/c</i>, <i>a</i> = 16.0480(7), <i>b</i> = 8.2692(3), <i>c</i> = 10.6161(4) Å, β = 100.282(3)°, <i>V</i> = 1386.18(9) ų, <i>Z</i> = 4, <i>R</i>₁ = 0.032. The crystals were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. The structure is based on layered complexes composed of uranyl pentagonal bipyramids and vanadium tetragonal pyramids linked through shared vertices and edges, with a topology typical of minerals of the francevillite and carnotite groups and their synthetic analogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 6","pages":"807 - 814"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147337719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technetium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes with a Combination of Bidentate NN Heterocyclic Imines (NN = 2,2'-Bipyridine or 1,10-Phenanthroline) and Adenine","authors":"A. E. Miroslavov,&nbsp;M. Yu. Tyupina,&nbsp;A. P. Sakhonenkova,&nbsp;V. V. Gurzhiy,&nbsp;A. R. Kochergina","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225060049","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225060049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>“2+1” technetium tricarbonyl complexes [⁹⁹Tc(CO)₃(NN)(Ad)]ClO₄ with a combination of bidentate NN heterocyclic imines [NN = 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen)] and adenine (Ad) were prepared. The complexes were isolated pure and characterized by IR and ⁹⁹Tc NMR spectroscopy in solution. The solid-state structure of the complexes was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Both in solution and in the solid phase, adenine is coordinated to technetium via either imidazole or pyrimidine nitrogen atom to form two coordination isomers.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 6","pages":"815 - 824"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147337720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Action of Tb(IV) on Pu(VI) in Acid Solutions Containing Unsaturated Phosphotungstate K10P2W17O61","authors":"A. M. Fedoseev,&nbsp;V. P. Shilov","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225060062","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225060062","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In solutions with рН 1.5–2.0, terbium(IV) stabilized with phosphotungstate anions P₂W₁₇O₆₁^10– in the presence of a slight excess of the unsaturated phosphotungstate slowly oxidizes plutonium(VI). The arising Pu(VII) cation forms a complex with unsaturated phosphotungstate anions and is rapidly reduced with water. Flash radiolysis may be an efficient tool for studying the Pu(VI) oxidation, e.g., with the OH^<b>·</b> radical and the reaction of Pu(VII) with water.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 6","pages":"830 - 832"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147337722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Natural Radioactivity and Radiological Hazards in Dredged Sediments from Damietta Harbor, Egypt","authors":"Aya Ali,&nbsp;A. El-Azab,&nbsp;S. Alashrah,&nbsp;S. Makhluf,&nbsp;A. El-Taher","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225060256","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225060256","url":null,"abstract":"<p>50 sediment samples were taken from three basins 600 m far from the beach in Egypt (Damietta harbour). The samples were thoroughly analyzed to calculate the natural radioactivity levels measured by gamma-ray spectrometry using a NaI (Tl) detector. The of specific activity varied from 10 ± 0.5 to 23 ± 1.1 with an average of 14.1 ± 1.2 Bq kg^–1, from 7 ± 0.6 to 59 ± 3 with an average of 18.5 ± 1.3 Bq kg^–1, and from 108 ± 5 to 402 ± 23 with an average of 287 ± 15 Bq kg^–1 for ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K, respectively. These levels are lower than the worldwide average values. Hazardous radiation parameters such as radium equivalent, annual dose, and external hazards were estimated and compared to the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) recommended levels. The results showed that Damietta harbour sediments are safe in terms of natural radioactivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 6","pages":"970 - 978"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147337819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconstruction of Parameters of Sources of Atmospheric 129I Emissions that Existed at the Mayak Production Association in 1975−2000","authors":"Yu. G. Mokrov","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225050200","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225050200","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Ensuring sustainable nuclear power development requires addressing the issues of dealing with iodine-129 (&lt;sup&gt;129&lt;/sup&gt;I), which is a long-lived radionuclide accumulated in spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and transferred to process gas and liquid streams during SNF reprocessing at radiochemical plants. The paper considers archival materials (for the period rom 1973 to 2000) related to specific features of &lt;sup&gt;129&lt;/sup&gt;I distribution in the gas supply system of the Mayak radiochemical plants and patterns of its migration in the environment of the Mayak observation zone. The following sources of &lt;sup&gt;129&lt;/sup&gt;I release into the environment were considered: routine emissions from the radiochemical plant stacks, accidental emissions in 1957 and 1967, discharges of liquid radioactive waste (LRW) into surface storage reservoirs (Karachay), and wind transfer of water aerosols generated from the Karachay water area. It was shown that maximum population doses from &lt;sup&gt;129&lt;/sup&gt;I did not exceed 2−5 μSv/year and were registered in the mid-1980s during simultaneous operation of the DB and RT-1 radiochemical plants, when no standard system for &lt;sup&gt;129&lt;/sup&gt;I capture was installed at the RT-1 plant yet and the total release from the plant stacks to the atmosphere reached 0.25 TBq/year. The relative distribution of &lt;sup&gt;129&lt;/sup&gt;I transferred to the B and DB radiochemical plants was estimated as follows: ~30−40% was emitted from the stacks to the atmosphere, ~40% accumulated in the sorbent of the gas treatment systems, and ~20% remained in LRW. The SNF dissolution at these radiochemical plants was performed in the presence of significant amounts of mercury capable of keeping iodine within a solution. At the RT-1 plant, where SNF dissolution was carried out without mercury, reprocessing of about 100 t of VVER SNF per year resulted in the generation of about 0.13 TBq &lt;sup&gt;129&lt;/sup&gt;I/year, out of which ~0.051 TBq/year (~40% of &lt;sup&gt;129&lt;/sup&gt;I) was emitted to the atmosphere. In 1979−2024, the total amount of &lt;sup&gt;129&lt;/sup&gt;I delivered to the RT-1 plant (as a component of VVER SNF) was estimated at 6.5 TBq (reprocessing of other types of SNF was not taken into account), out of which ~2 TBq was emitted to the atmosphere and ~3−4 TBq accumulated in sorbents. The atmospheric emission (&lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;/sub&gt;) and &lt;sup&gt;129&lt;/sup&gt;I/&lt;sup&gt;90&lt;/sup&gt;Sr activity ratio (&lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I/Sr&lt;/sub&gt;) for additional sources of &lt;sup&gt;129&lt;/sup&gt;I emission into the environment were estimated as &lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;/sub&gt; ≈ 7.4 Ci (0.3 TBq), &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I/Sr&lt;/sub&gt; ~ 2.7 × 10&lt;sup&gt;–5&lt;/sup&gt; (the 1957 accident); &lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;/sub&gt; ≈ 0.032 Ci (1.2 GBq), &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I/Sr&lt;/sub&gt; ~3.1 × 10&lt;sup&gt;–4&lt;/sup&gt; (the 1967 accident); &lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I&lt;/sub&gt; ≈ 1.2 Ci (0.045 TBq), &lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;I/Sr&lt;/sub&gt; ~3.6 × 10&lt;sup&gt;–3&lt;/sup&gt; (wind transfer of water aerosols from the Karachay water area). The results obtained can be used for developing a conceptual framework of dealing with &lt;sup&gt;129&lt;/sup&gt;I when designing a new high-capac","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 5","pages":"749 - 762"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Georadiological Assessment and Radiological Hazard Mapping of Uranium-Enriched Formations in El Sheikh Soliman Area, Southwestern Sinai, Egypt","authors":"E. Adel,&nbsp;A. Elshamy,&nbsp;W. R. Alharbi,&nbsp;A. El-Taher","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225050169","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225050169","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High-resolution georadiological assessment of 66 stratigraphically and lithologically varied rock samples from El Sheikh Soliman region (selected as the area of ground magnetic survey) was performed using gamma-ray spectrometry and multivariate statistical tools. The concentrations and distribution of natural radionuclides ²³⁸U, ²³⁸Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K were measured, and the associated radiological hazards were evaluated. The activity levels of ²³⁸U ranged from 45.1 to 1073.2 Bq/kg (mean = 316.4 Bq/kg), with peak values in ferruginous siltstones (Um Bogma formation), organic-rich shales (Adedia formation), and micaceous shales (Abu Hamata formation). Over 70% of samples exhibited uranium-series disequilibrium (U/Ra &gt;1.5), suggesting recent uranium remobilization under oxidizing-suboxic conditions. Radiological indices such as radium equivalent activity (Ra_eq), absorbed dose rate (<i>D</i>_r), and annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) indicated that 36% of samples exceeded the Ra_eq safety limit of 370 Bq/kg, and 41% surpassed the global AEDE average (0.07 mSv/year), with strong correlations (<i>r</i> &gt; 0.85) between ²³⁸U and hazard indicators. Although ²³²Th concentrations were lower (22.4–186.1 Bq/kg), significant contributions were found in felsic and metavolcanic rocks due to accessory minerals like monazite and zircon. The ⁴⁰K levels (54.3–1420.5 Bq/kg) were higher in granitic and clay-rich samples containing K-feldspar and muscovite. While ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K posed lower direct risks, their cumulative effects influenced Ra_eq and <i>H</i>_ex indices. Principal component analysis explained 87.3% of total variance, with uranium being the dominant factor. Hierarchical cluster analysis revealed four geochemically distinct groups, reflecting variations in lithology, mineralogy, and redox behavior. The study highlights the value of integrating radiometric and statistical data for effective radiological hazard mapping and environmental monitoring in uranium-rich arid zones.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 5","pages":"708 - 720"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Peelable Polymer Coatings for Decontamination of Metal Surfaces","authors":"Yu. S. Koryakovskiy,&nbsp;A. A. Akatov","doi":"10.1134/S106636222505011X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106636222505011X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Approaches to in situ decontamination were considered with a focus on techniques that minimize the time spent by personnel in the contaminated area but ensure highly efficient metal surface decontamination. A method of decontamination using removable polymer coatings was examined. Experiments aimed at increasing the efficiency of removing fixed radionuclides were carried out at the St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (SPSIT). Based on advantages and shortcomings of using removable coatings, an alternative technology of in situ decontamination, consisting in treatment of the surface with a decontamination solution loaded onto a sorbent-based composite material, was developed at SPSIT. The decontamination method is briefly described, and the results demonstrating its efficiency are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 5","pages":"665 - 671"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Trials of a Technology for Plutonium Regeneration from Nitric Acid Process Solutions Using Tangential Flow Filtration","authors":"N. Yu. Lagunova,&nbsp;E. V. Lyzlova,&nbsp;A. V. Konnikov,&nbsp;M. V. Logunov,&nbsp;A. S. Bulaev","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225050108","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225050108","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A technology was developed for processing Pu-containing nitric acid process solutions using tangential flow filtration. The technology of Pu recovery from solid waste of complex composition consists of the following stages: dissolution in nitric acid, stabilization of Pu in +4 oxidation state, hydroxide precipitation, and separation of the precipitate by tangential flow filtration. Laboratory and on-site trials of the technology developed were carried out. The efficiency of separating the plutonium(IV) hydroxide precipitate using tangential flow filtration in the stage of suspension clarification was demonstrated in comparison with the results of the previously used centrifugation.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 5","pages":"658 - 664"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145750410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}