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Effect of Uranyl Nitrate on Exothermic Processes in Nitric Acid Solutions of Reductants
IF 0.9
Radiochemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S1066362225010114
A. S. Ob”edkov, A. N. Grishaev, E. V. Belova
{"title":"Effect of Uranyl Nitrate on Exothermic Processes in Nitric Acid Solutions of Reductants","authors":"A. S. Ob”edkov,&nbsp;A. N. Grishaev,&nbsp;E. V. Belova","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225010114","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225010114","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The thermal stability of nitric acid solutions of acetohydroxamic acid, carbohydrazide, hydrazine nitrate, and their mixtures was studied. The onset temperature of the exothermic reaction was determined, and the thermal effects of the reactions were calculated. The effect of uranyl nitrate on the thermal stability of reducing agents and their mixtures was studied. Comparison of the characteristics of exothermic processes in solutions with and without uranyl nitrate showed that the introduction of uranyl nitrate reduced the intensity of exothermic processes in all the nitric acid solutions studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":"82 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Natural and Anthropogenic Radionuclides in Atmospheric Air and Assessment of Inhalation Dose over Brick Field Areas, Dhaka, Bangladesh 孟加拉国达卡砖场地区大气中的天然和人为放射性核素及吸入剂量评估
IF 0.9
Radiochemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S1066362225010138
S. Islam, N. M. Aranna, J. Ferdous, P. K. Bakshi
{"title":"Natural and Anthropogenic Radionuclides in Atmospheric Air and Assessment of Inhalation Dose over Brick Field Areas, Dhaka, Bangladesh","authors":"S. Islam,&nbsp;N. M. Aranna,&nbsp;J. Ferdous,&nbsp;P. K. Bakshi","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225010138","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225010138","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The concentrations of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in the atmospheric air over the coal-fired brick activity at the locations of Dhamrai, Savar, and Ashulia in Dhaka, Bangladesh, were measured. High-resolution HPGe gamma-ray spectrometry was used for analyzing 18 particulate samples collected from this area. The identified radioisotopes were <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th, <sup>137</sup>Cs, and <sup>40</sup>K. The measured activity concentrations of <sup>226</sup>Ra, <sup>232</sup>Th, and <sup>40</sup>K ranged from 0.016 ± 0.002 to 10.1 ± 2.2, from 0.006 ± 0.002 to 1.8 ± 1.6, and from 1.2 ± 0.06 to 2.4 ± 0.08 mBq/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively, with the average values of 3.0 ± 0.7, 0.63 ± 0.4, and 1.1 ± 0.04 mBq/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. The activity concentrations of <sup>226</sup>Ra and <sup>232</sup>Th exceed the word average values in atmospheric air. Anthropogenic radiocesium (<sup>137</sup>Cs) was identified in several air samples. The average activity concentration of <sup>137</sup>Cs was found to be 0.026 ± 0.003 mBq/m<sup>3</sup>. The order of the radionuclides present in the air particulate matter is <sup>226</sup>Ra &gt; <sup>232</sup>Th &gt; <sup>40</sup>K &gt; <sup>137</sup>Cs. The total annual effective inhalation dose due to natural radioisotopes was found to be 93 and 27 μSv/year for adults and infants, respectively, which was below the ICRP permissible limit of 2.4 mSv/year. The main contributor to the inhalation dosage in both adults and infants was <sup>232</sup>Th.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":"101 - 109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Separation of Am (V, VI) from Cm(III) and Pr(III) in Ammonia and Ammonium-Carbonate Media
IF 0.9
Radiochemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S1066362225010072
P. A. Osin, T. I. Trofimov, Yu. M. Kulyako, S. E. Vinokurov, B. F. Myasoedov
{"title":"Separation of Am (V, VI) from Cm(III) and Pr(III) in Ammonia and Ammonium-Carbonate Media","authors":"P. A. Osin,&nbsp;T. I. Trofimov,&nbsp;Yu. M. Kulyako,&nbsp;S. E. Vinokurov,&nbsp;B. F. Myasoedov","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225010072","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225010072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>New approaches to the selective isolation of Am from the actinide–lanthanide fraction of high-level waste with preliminary oxidation of Am(III) to Am(V) and Am(VI) using ammonia and ammonia–carbonate media are proposed. When ammonium hydroxide is added to a 0.1 M HNO<sub>3</sub> solution containing Am(V), Cm(III), and Pr(III) (as a mimic of the behavior of lanthanides) to pH ~8, AmO<sub>2</sub><sup>+</sup> shows increased stability and is retained in the solution to 80%, whereas Cm(III) and Pr(III) precipitate in the form of poorly soluble compounds. In ammonia–carbonate solutions at pH ~10, up to 96% of the initial amount of Am(VI) is retained in the solution, and Cm(III) and Pr(III) precipitate to 85%.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":"51 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Kinetics of Tc(VII) Reduction with Diformylhydrazine in a Nitric Acid Solution in the Presence of U(VI) Ions
IF 0.9
Radiochemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S1066362225010035
K. N. Dvoeglazov, E. D. Filimonova, L. N. Podrezova, E. Yu. Pavlyukevich
{"title":"Kinetics of Tc(VII) Reduction with Diformylhydrazine in a Nitric Acid Solution in the Presence of U(VI) Ions","authors":"K. N. Dvoeglazov,&nbsp;E. D. Filimonova,&nbsp;L. N. Podrezova,&nbsp;E. Yu. Pavlyukevich","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225010035","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225010035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Тс(VII) reduction with 1,2-diformylhydrazine in nitric acid solutions in the presence of uranyl nitrate was studied by spectrophotometry. Tc(VII) is reduced to Тс(IV) via intermediate Tc(V) species. The optical spectra were resolved into two components by mathematical deconvolution. The kinetic curves are S-shaped. Presumably, the induction period is associated with the formation of Тс(V). The rate equation of the Тс(IV) formation under these conditions was obtained. The Tc(V) formation rate increases with an increase in the diformylhydrazine and U(VI) concentrations, initial Тс(VII) concentration, and temperature but decreases with an increase in the nitric acid concentration. From the data obtained, the reaction constants were calculated and the partial reaction orders with respect to components were found.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":"15 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effect of Temperature during Preactivation of 5% Pd/C and 5% Pd/Al2O3 with Deuterium Gas on the Isotope Exchange between Deuterium Water and an Organic Compound
IF 0.9
Radiochemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S1066362225010126
V. P. Shevchenko, I. Yu. Nagaev, K. V. Shevchenko, L. A. Andreeva, N. F. Myasoedov
{"title":"Effect of Temperature during Preactivation of 5% Pd/C and 5% Pd/Al2O3 with Deuterium Gas on the Isotope Exchange between Deuterium Water and an Organic Compound","authors":"V. P. Shevchenko,&nbsp;I. Yu. Nagaev,&nbsp;K. V. Shevchenko,&nbsp;L. A. Andreeva,&nbsp;N. F. Myasoedov","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225010126","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225010126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As demonstrated by the example of serotonin, 3-(<i>N</i>-pyrrolyl)propanoyl-L-histidine, sodium <i>p</i>-phenylbenzoate, and Pro–Gly–Pro, activation of the isotope exchange with D<sub>2</sub>O also occurred when a solution of an organic compound in D<sub>2</sub>O was mixed with 5% Pd/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> or 5% Pd/С (after preliminary treatment of catalysts with deuterium gas on heating). When implementing this technique, 2–3 atoms of deuterium were incorporated in serotonin, 4–5 atoms, in Pro–Gly–Pro, 7–8 atoms, in 3-(<i>N</i>-pyrrolyl)propanoyl-L-histidine, and 3–4 atoms, in sodium <i>p</i>-phenylbenzoate. In the latter case, as judged from the composition of the reaction products, atomic deuterium takes part in the activation of isotope exchange with D<sub>2</sub>O. The participation of atomic deuterium in these reactions follows from the intensification of the degradation of the compounds during deuteration. When using compounds that do not contain labile fragments, isotope exchange with D<sub>2</sub>O can be activated by keeping the catalyst at room temperature and heating.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":"89 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Study of the Cobalt Speciation Using a Sorption Method
IF 0.9
Radiochemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S1066362225010102
E. I. Denisov, E. V. Polyakov, E. D. Pуatygina, V. S. Semenishchev
{"title":"A Study of the Cobalt Speciation Using a Sorption Method","authors":"E. I. Denisov,&nbsp;E. V. Polyakov,&nbsp;E. D. Pуatygina,&nbsp;V. S. Semenishchev","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225010102","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225010102","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effect of the cobalt(II) speciation on its distribution parameters was studied for different types of sorbents. Inorganic sorbents based on hydrolyzable elements have shown the highest selectivity to Co in neutral and alkaline media (pH 7–10). The experiments on the cobalt sorption onto KU-2 strong acid cation-exchange resin at pH 3–5 have demonstrated the presence of Co<sup>2+</sup>, which shows high affinity for all the sorbents studied. In neutral and weakly alkaline media, the inorganic sorbents adsorbed Со(ОН)<sup>+</sup> and Со(ОН)<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> hydroxo complexes due to heterogeneous ion-exchange reaction (surface complex formation). The appearance of the <i>S</i>–pH dependences for the inorganic sorbents suggests higher stability of cobalt hydroxo complexes at microconcentrations as compared to the published data. In the whole pH range studied, cobalt(II) showed a behavior of an inert sorbate with all the inorganic sorbents studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":"72 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Separation of Actinides and REEs Using TODGA in meta-Nitrobenzotrifluoride: Development and Demonstration of the Flowsheet
IF 0.9
Radiochemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S1066362225010060
L. I. Tkachenko, E. V. Kenf, V. A. Babain, M. Yu. Alyapyshev
{"title":"Separation of Actinides and REEs Using TODGA in meta-Nitrobenzotrifluoride: Development and Demonstration of the Flowsheet","authors":"L. I. Tkachenko,&nbsp;E. V. Kenf,&nbsp;V. A. Babain,&nbsp;M. Yu. Alyapyshev","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225010060","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225010060","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A process was developed for the extraction and separation of actinides and REEs from PUREX process raffinates using TODGA in <i>meta</i>-nitrobenzotrifluoride (F-3). The flowsheet proposed was tested under dynamic conditions using simulated raffinates of the PUREX process. The process includes joint extraction of actinides and REEs, nitric acid scrubbing, actinide stripping, and REE stripping. The conditions of selective stripping of minor actinides with a DTPA solution in the presence of a salting-out agent were determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":"39 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reaction of Nitrate Ion with Formic Acid in the Presence of Uranium
IF 0.9
Radiochemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S1066362225010023
L. V. Krasnikov, A. A. Lumpov, N. A. Semenova
{"title":"Reaction of Nitrate Ion with Formic Acid in the Presence of Uranium","authors":"L. V. Krasnikov,&nbsp;A. A. Lumpov,&nbsp;N. A. Semenova","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225010023","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225010023","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The reaction of nitric acid with formic acid, including that in uranium-containing solutions, was studied. Empirical equations for the dependence of the induction period (τ) on the reactant concentrations and temperature were determined. The dependence of τ on the formic acid concentration is exponential. The effect of uranium concentration on τ in denitrated solutions becomes noticeable only at temperatures lower than 60°C. The main factor affecting the denitration completeness is the [formic acid] : [NO<sub>3</sub>]¯ molar ratio. Starting from the molar ratio of ≥3, uranium-containing solutions are denitrated at 90°C in an hour almost quantitatively. The resulting uranyl formate is partially precipitated. The initial stage of the reaction is accompanied by vigorous gas evolution. At 90°C, ~80% of the gas volume is released in this stage (about 10 s), whereas at 40°C, only ~10%.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":"8 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling of the Composition of the Gas Phase over Uranium–Plutonium Mononitride Containing Oxygen Impurities and Fission Products
IF 0.9
Radiochemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S1066362225010059
G. S. Bulatov, K. E. German
{"title":"Modeling of the Composition of the Gas Phase over Uranium–Plutonium Mononitride Containing Oxygen Impurities and Fission Products","authors":"G. S. Bulatov,&nbsp;K. E. German","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225010059","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225010059","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The composition of the gas phase over uranium–plutonium nitride U<sub>0.8</sub>Pu<sub>0.2</sub>N<sub>0.995</sub>0<sub>0.005</sub> containing oxygen impurities and fission products after fast neutron irradiation to a burnup of 13.6% heavy atoms (h.a.) was subjected to a thermodynamic analysis in the temperature interval 900–2000 K. In this interval, the accumulation of fission products in the fuel leads to the formation of a multicomponent gas phase containing the following main elements and compounds: fuel species (Pu, PuO, PuN, U, UO, UN), highly volatile species (Cs, N<sub>2</sub>, Ba, Sr, CsI, BaI, SrI, I), volatile species (Te, Pd, BaO, NdO, LaO, SrO, CeO), low-volatile metals (Nd, Mo, Y, Tc, La, Ce, Zr), and low-volatile nitrides (NdN, LaN, CeN, YN, ZrN). The partial pressures of these components of the gas phase over U<sub>0.8</sub>Pu<sub>0.2</sub>N<sub>0.995</sub>0<sub>0.005</sub> at the 13.6% burnup as functions of temperature were calculated.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":"31 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Determination of Conditions for the Oxidation of UN and UC under Microwave Irradiation
IF 0.9
Radiochemistry Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1134/S1066362225010011
S. A. Kulyukhin, Yu. M. Nevolin, A. A. Bessonov
{"title":"Determination of Conditions for the Oxidation of UN and UC under Microwave Irradiation","authors":"S. A. Kulyukhin,&nbsp;Yu. M. Nevolin,&nbsp;A. A. Bessonov","doi":"10.1134/S1066362225010011","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1066362225010011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The oxidation of UN and UC in a field of microwave radiation in air at atmospheric pressure was studied. The influence of the crucible material on the extent of oxidation of UN and UC was examined. Under the influence of a microwave field with a power of 800 W and a frequency of 2.45 GHz, under definite conditions, heating of UN and UC to ~993 K is observed with their oxidation in air to U<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>. For fast (15–20 min) and safe (without fires and explosions) oxidation of UN and UC, crucibles made of quartz and carbon ceramics are the best.</p>","PeriodicalId":747,"journal":{"name":"Radiochemistry","volume":"67 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143784157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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