Aerosol Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Enhanced vapor wall loss of intermediate volatility alcohols at elevated relative humidity.","authors":"Kenneth S Docherty, Meredith Schervish, Diya Yang, Marissa Jerden, David A Olson, Mohammed Jaoui, Michael Lewandowski","doi":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2593388","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2593388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A series of experiments was conducted to investigate the role of water vapor in enhancing vapor wall loss of intermediate volatility alcohols ranging from C₄-C₉ terminal aliphatic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, and diols. In the first of two types of experiments, a constant alcohol concentration (2.48 ± 1.48 ppmv) was introduced along with a dilution reference (DR) while chamber relative humidity (RH) was varied from dry (~3%) to a maximum of ~40%. Alcohol gas phase concentrations in the inlet manifold and chamber were monitored throughout each experiment by on-line gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. Wall loss was parameterized in each case using the dilution ratio (i.e., ratio of inlet to chamber concentration) for the alcohol relative to that for the DR. Dilution ratios uniformly increase across the range of investigated alcohols as chamber RH is increased but varied considerably among the different alcohols. In the second type of experiment, RH was held constant and chamber concentrations of 1-nonanol were varied as the chamber was spun up to steady state and back down. The rate of decay of 1-nonanol concentration differs between dry and ~25% suggesting that RH can also influence reversibility of RH-enhanced wall losses. Finally, a model was used to simulate wall loss processes for each investigated alcohol. Measurements and model output were overall in close agreement indicating that gas-wall partitioning is strongly linked to RH.</p>","PeriodicalId":7474,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol Science and Technology","volume":"60 4","pages":"322-339"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13266791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148262884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic components modulate the morphology of respirable aerovirology-relevant aerosols.","authors":"Deepak Sapkota, Yuhui Guo, Amrita Chakraborty, James Hu, Harris Xie, Ian Wu, Moon J Kim, Hui Ouyang","doi":"10.1080/02786826.2026.2637801","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02786826.2026.2637801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Airborne transmission of viruses occurs <i>via</i> aerosol particles, whose morphology provides insights into the microenvironments that viruses experience. Aerosol morphology includes particle size, shape, phase state, and chemical homogeneity, yet systematic studies remain limited. Here, we characterized model bioaerosol morphologies generated from (1) NaCl-organic two-component mixtures, (2) common cell culture media, and (3) artificial respiratory fluids. Particles were collected using a virtual impactor and Andersen cascade impactor and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Results show that organic components modulate the morphology: dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) promotes organic-inorganic phase separation while proteins prohibit formation of large crystals and leads to better mixing among components. At 30% RH with a drying period of 10 s, most aerosols appeared desiccated, though NaCl-glucose, DMEM complete media and artificial saliva with mucin remained semi-solid or gel-like. Among all formulations examined, EMEM complete media and artificial saliva (non-mucin) show a size-dependent morphology. Our study demonstrates how chemical composition and size alter surrogate bioaerosol phase (semi-solid or solid) and morphology and provides new insights into the microenvironment of aerosol particles for aerovirology investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7474,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13246160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148209660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of particle size on PFAS concentrations in dust from homes in North Carolina and New York and implications for exposure.","authors":"Clara M A Eichler, Mahender Singh Rawat, Naomi Y Chang, Elizabeth Brown, Sujan Fernando, Thomas M Holsen, Glenn C Morrison, Andrea R Ferro, Barbara J Turpin","doi":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2582532","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2582532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are manufactured chemicals and ubiquitously present in the environment, including in homes. The two major exposure pathways for PFAS indoors are inhalation and accidental ingestion of house dust; however, the influence of dust particle size on PFAS exposure is not well understood to date. Thus, we are aiming to better understand the relationship between dust particle size and PFAS concentrations. We collected dust from 10 homes in North Carolina and seven homes in New York, sieved the dust into multiple size fractions ranging from <63 μm to <2,000 μm, and used targeted methods to analyze the fractions for PFAS. We found that many neutral PFAS are significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and negatively correlated with dust particle size (mean Pearson correlation coefficient <math><mrow><mi>r</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mn>0.70</mn></mrow> </math> to -0.90), i.e., higher concentrations were found in the smaller size fractions. This suggests that neutral PFAS concentrations in dust are primarily influenced by partitioning to the dust particles from the gas phase. On the other hand, several perfluoroalkyl acids showed no clear or positive correlations between particle size and concentration (mean Pearson <math><mrow><mi>r</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mn>0.45</mn></mrow> </math> to 0.65), suggesting that additional migration pathways contribute preferentially to the larger size fractions, such as abrasion of fibers from upholstery. Dust-air partition coefficients, <math> <mrow><msubsup><mi>K</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mo>'</mo></msubsup> </mrow> </math> , derived for neutral PFAS for a subset of homes reflect this observation, with higher <math><mrow><mi>log</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mrow><msubsup><mi>K</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mo>'</mo></msubsup> </mrow> <mo>)</mo></mrow> </math> values found for smaller dust size fractions compared to larger size fractions. This work highlights the importance of the choice of size fraction when analyzing PFAS in dust and for exposure assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":7474,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol Science and Technology","volume":"60 1","pages":"54-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12721804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145817373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Platform for <i>in-situ</i> Airborne Virus Detection by Interfacing RT-LAMP Assay with a Condensational Growth Collector.","authors":"Amin Shirkhani, Matthew Jansen, Morteza Alipanahrostami, Carlos Manzanas, Sripriya Nannu Shankar, William B Vass, Chih-Hsiang Chien, Mohammad Washeem, Amber O'Connor, John A Lednicky, Z Hugh Fan, Chang-Yu Wu","doi":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2568690","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2568690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collection and identification of airborne viruses conventionally involve two separate processes: air sampling in the field and subsequent laboratory-based detection and analyses. They are time-consuming, which delays early warnings and hinders timely implementation of public health countermeasures. <i>In-situ</i> virus detection methods that enable preliminary identification at the sampling site can improve timeliness, eliminating the need for sample transport and allowing rapid decision-making. Herein, we developed and evaluated an integrated system that connects a water condensation-based aerosol collector called VIVAS with an <i>in-situ</i> detection platform known as VLEAD. We designed and fabricated an interface to serve both as the VIVAS' collection chamber and as a conduit for fluid transfer into the VLEAD. The design achieved over 90% collection efficiency for particles ≥3 μm after computational fluid dynamics simulation optimization, and experimental testing confirmed a physical collection efficiency of approximately 95%. When exposed to lab-generated aerosols containing human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43), the system achieved a 100% detection rate for samples containing > 10³ genome equivalents (GE) of virus per sample (4-5 GE/μL, triplicates), verified by RT-qPCR. The integrated system replaced the standard Petri dish in the commercially available VIVAS and enabled seamless transfer for RT-LAMP-based detection. The limit of detection was comparable to the level at which viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 have been collected using the VIVAS during environmental sampling reported in other studies. That performance demonstrated strong potential for rapid, <i>in-situ</i> detection of airborne coronaviruses and potentially other viruses in field settings or public spaces during respiratory viral disease outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":7474,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol Science and Technology","volume":"60 4","pages":"340-353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13035360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147589330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on air purifier filters in university spaces without symptomatic or confirmed cases.","authors":"Jing Li, Merel Bot, Xinlei Liu, Yuan Yao, Roel A Ophoff, Yifang Zhu","doi":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2601887","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2601887","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the seasonality and prevalence of respiratory viruses in indoor environments is essential for protecting public health in the post-pandemic era. This study investigated the presence of airborne SARS-CoV-2 in university indoor spaces where no symptomatic or confirmed positive individuals were supposed to be present. A total of 127 high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter samples were analyzed from air purifiers installed in classrooms, conference rooms, and a community room within a university building across different seasons from Fall 2022 to Summer 2023. Viral RNA was extracted and quantified using RT-qPCR for each sample. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 21% of the samples, with the positivity rate varying significantly by room type but not by season. Among the 27 positive samples, viral RNA concentrations were significantly higher in fall-winter compared to summer, with no significant differences across room types. Additionally, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A virus (IAV) were detected in far fewer samples (positive rates: 2% and 4%, respectively) and at much lower concentrations than SARS-CoV-2. These findings provide evidence of the potential for airborne SARS-CoV-2 transmission in shared indoor spaces, even in the absence of known infectious individuals. They also suggest that SARS-CoV-2 may circulate in each season, underscoring the continued need for interventions to reduce indoor viral exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":7474,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12851557/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146083791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application and validation of a wearable monitor for assessing time- and location-resolved exposures to particulate matter in California's Central Valley.","authors":"Xiaoying Li, Jessica Tryner, Bonnie N Young, Luis Hernandez Ramirez, Mollie Phillips, Sherry WeMott, Grant Erlandson, Grace Kuiper, Daniel Dean, Nayamin Martinez, Lorena Sanpedro, Sheryl Magzamen, John Volckens","doi":"10.1080/02786826.2024.2415481","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02786826.2024.2415481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reliable assessment of personal exposure to air pollution remains a challenge due to the limitations of monitoring technology. Recent technology developments, such as reductions in the size and cost of samplers as well as incorporation of continuous sensors for location, activity, and exposure (i.e., global positioning systems [GPS], accelerometers, and low-cost pollutant sensors), have advanced our ability to assess personal exposure to air pollution. This study evaluated the upgraded Ultrasonic Personal Aerosol Sampler (UPAS v2.1 PLUS) as a tool for quantifying time-integrated indoor and personal exposure to particulate matter (PM) and black carbon (BC) among a panel of participants in California's Central Valley and exploring personal exposures in different microenvironments using time/location-resolved PM data. Three field campaigns demonstrated that filter-derived PM₁₀, PM_2.5, PM₁₀ BC, and PM_2.5 BC concentrations measured using the UPAS were linear, unbiased, and precise compared to those measured using conventional personal sampling equipment. Time-resolved PM, GPS, and light intensity data from the UPAS allowed for personal PM_2.5 exposure assessment across microenvironments. The majority of daily PM_2.5 exposure occurred inside the home. Participants with higher out-of-home PM_2.5 exposures received those exposures primarily in agricultural and in-transit environments, in accordance with their self-reported occupational exposures. This study demonstrated the UPAS v2.1 PLUS is a reliable and valid tool for characterizing indoor air pollution and personal exposures in both temporal and spatial dimensions. Its enhanced capabilities should reduce the burden of personal activity logging in the field and enable accurate and precise estimation of exposures for epidemiological and community-based research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7474,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol Science and Technology","volume":"59 10","pages":"1272-1288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sources and aging of individual atmospheric particles in New York City: Integrating novel functional group data from optical photothermal spectroscopy with elemental and mass spectrometry data.","authors":"Yao Xiao, Emily J Costa, Xu He, Mitchell J Rogers, Jessica A Mirrielees, Tori N Hass-Mitchell, Taekyu Joo, Benjamin A Nault, Drew R Gentner, Rachel E O'Brien, Andrew P Ault","doi":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2555886","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2555886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elevated concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5, particles < 2.5 <i>μ</i>m) lead to negative health outcomes in urban areas, such as New York City (NYC). The sources of particles contributing to PM_2.5 in NYC are variable and complex due to the range of primary anthropogenic and biogenic emissions, as well as secondary aerosol formation (i.e., aging) from gaseous precursors. To improve understanding of the contributors to PM_2.5, single particle microspectroscopy uses chemical fingerprints to identify sources and the extent of aging, but few studies have integrated multiple microspectroscopy methods to understand PM_2.5 in NYC. Herein, we focus on a recently-developed form of microspectroscopy that can measure atmospherically-sized particles (>~0.8 <i>μ</i>m), optical photothermal infrared (O-PTIR). We compare O-PTIR to existing microspectroscopy methods [Raman, fluorescence, and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX)] to study sources and aging of the complex NYC aerosol based on functional group and elemental information, which we also relate to bulk mass spectrometry methods. Single particle data shows submicron aerosol composition dominated by carbonaceous particles that fluoresce mixed with ammonium and sulfate, with a range of oxidized organic functional groups observed. At larger sizes, more primary sources (salts, dust, and biological) were observed, with nitrate being the dominant secondary anion. Collectively, the results from OPTIR and other instruments across case-study days reveal variations in sources and aging, with greater variability at larger diameters. Demonstrating the potential of O-PTIR when combined with the other methods to provide data that is important for improving air quality in urban megacities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7474,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12525327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An affordable, water-based, community condensation particle counter.","authors":"Susanne Hering, Stavros Amanatidis, Arantza Eiguren-Fernandez, Gregory S Lewis, Steven R Spielman, David Pariseau","doi":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2506707","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2506707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A \"Community Condensation Particle Counter\" (cCPC) has been developed to provide an affordable monitor of airborne particle number concentrations. The cCPC is an expansion-type condensation particle counter that incorporates single particle counting to yield a direct measurement of number concentration. Particle number concentrations are derived from the detection of individual droplets exiting the cell during the expansion, combined with the pressure readings and the physical volume of the particle cell. Modeling and experiment confirm detection of particles as small as 4 nm, with >95% detection above 20 nm. For 12 days of ambient sampling two collocated cCPCs exhibit a pooled standard deviation of 3.5%. Comparison to a pair of benchtop instruments (ADI MAGIC CPCs) yields a correlation of R²=0.98 and a regression slope of 1.1. Laboratory studies at concentrations higher than 3×10⁴ cm^-3 for both sulfate and dioctyl sebacate show equally reduced response when compared to a versatile water CPC, but this was not observed in ambient aerosol sampling. Further research will be needed to resolve this discrepancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7474,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol Science and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12448066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An innovative approach to characterizing the refractive indices and effective densities of internally mixed light-absorbing aerosol particles.","authors":"Gwen R Lawson, Simon Xi Chen, Guy Collins, Naomi Lawson, Kate Szpek, James Bowles, James Allan, Justin M Langridge, Michael I Cotterell","doi":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2468966","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2468966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To improve our understanding of how light interacts with internally mixed light absorbing aerosol particles, we establish an integrated measurement platform enabling concurrent determinations of the complex refractive indices (<i>m</i> =<i> n</i> + <i>ik</i>) and effective densities (<i>ρ</i>) of aerosol particles. Cavity ring-down and photoacoustic spectroscopy are used to measure the extinction and absorption cross-sections, respectively, for aerosol particles classified by their aerodynamic size using the Cambustion Aerodynamic Aerosol Classifier. We report measurements on laboratory generated aerosol particles composed of ammonium sulfate (non-absorbing inorganic), sucrose (non-absorbing organic), nigrosin (strong light-absorbing organic), and two-component particles comprised of internal mixtures of nigrosin with each non-absorbing species. The accuracy and precision of measured cross-sections and retrieved <i>m</i> are assessed, and we demonstrate improved precision in these quantities retrieved for aerodynamically classified particles compared to approaches that utilize mobility classification. We show that accurate knowledge of the variations in <i>ρ</i> with mixture composition are essential for predicting <i>m</i> for internally mixed particles using mixing rules. For organic mixtures of sucrose and nigrosin, <i>n</i> and <i>k</i> are predicted accurately by mass fraction weightings of pure component values, and ideal mixing between components is observed. For organic-inorganic mixtures of nigrosin with ammonium sulfate, <i>n</i> varies non-linearly with composition and cannot be predicted by linear mixing rules. Instead, a mole fraction weighting of molar refraction, incorporating changes in particle mass density on mixing, is needed. These evaluations of refractive index models provide useful insights for researchers developing atmospheric models or inferring particle physicochemical properties from optical spectroscopy data.</p>","PeriodicalId":7474,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol Science and Technology","volume":"59 7","pages":"857-876"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13054925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147637742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Confocal fluorescence imaging of levitated particles and microdroplets","authors":"Michael I. Jacobs, Emilie T. Aleman, Rachel G. Zepeda","doi":"10.1080/02786826.2025.2451108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2025.2451108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7474,"journal":{"name":"Aerosol Science and Technology","volume":"59 7","pages":"833-844"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147382107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}