Advances in Virology最新文献_第10页

Farming of Plant-Based Veterinary Vaccines and Their Applications for Disease Prevention in Animals. 植物性兽用疫苗的养殖及其在动物疾病预防中的应用。

IF 2.2

Advances in Virology Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-08-13 DOI: 10.1155/2015/936940

Pit Sze Liew, Mohd Hair-Bejo

引用次数: 0

Comparison of β-Propiolactone and Formalin Inactivation on Antigenicity and Immune Response of West Nile Virus. β-丙内酯与福尔马林灭活对西尼罗病毒抗原性和免疫应答的影响比较。

IF 2.2

Advances in Virology Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-08-27 DOI: 10.1155/2015/616898

Pritom Chowdhury, Rashmee Topno, Siraj A Khan, Jagadish Mahanta

{"title":"Comparison of β-Propiolactone and Formalin Inactivation on Antigenicity and Immune Response of West Nile Virus.","authors":"Pritom Chowdhury, Rashmee Topno, Siraj A Khan, Jagadish Mahanta","doi":"10.1155/2015/616898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/616898","url":null,"abstract":"West Nile Virus (WNV) is a pathogenic arbovirus that belongs to genus Flavivirus under family Flaviviridae. Till now there are no approved vaccines against WNV for human use. In this study, the effect of two alkylating agents, formaldehyde and β-PL, generally used for inactivated vaccine preparation, was assessed on the basis of antigenic and immunogenic potential of the inactivated WNV. Lineage 5 WNV isolates were inactivated by both formalin and β-PL treatments. Inactivation was confirmed by repeated passage in BHK-21 cell line and infant mice. Viruses inactivated by both the treatments showed higher antigenicity. Immune response in mice model showed serum anti-WNV antibody titre was moderately higher in formalin inactivated antigen compared to β-PL inactivated antigen. However, no significant differences were observed in neutralization antibody titre. In conclusion, we can state that both formaldehyde and β-PL inactivation processes were found to be equally efficient for inactivation of WNV. However, they need to be compared with other inactivating agents along with study on cell mediated immune response. ","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2015 ","pages":"616898"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/616898","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34039612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Viral Etiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations during the A/H1N1pdm09 Pandemic and Postpandemic Period. 甲型h1n1流感大流行和大流行后时期慢性阻塞性肺疾病加重的病毒病因学

IF 2.2

Advances in Virology Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-07 DOI: 10.1155/2015/560679

Ivan Sanz, Sonia Tamames, Silvia Rojo, Mar Justel, José Eugenio Lozano, Carlos Disdier, Tomás Vega, Raúl Ortiz de Lejarazu

{"title":"Viral Etiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations during the A/H1N1pdm09 Pandemic and Postpandemic Period.","authors":"Ivan Sanz, Sonia Tamames, Silvia Rojo, Mar Justel, José Eugenio Lozano, Carlos Disdier, Tomás Vega, Raúl Ortiz de Lejarazu","doi":"10.1155/2015/560679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/560679","url":null,"abstract":"Viral infections are one of the main causes of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD). Emergence of A/H1N1pdm influenza virus in the 2009 pandemic changed the viral etiology of exacerbations that were reported before the pandemic. The aim of this study was to describe the etiology of respiratory viruses in 195 Spanish patients affected by AE-COPD from the pandemic until the 2011-12 influenza epidemic. During the study period (2009-2012), respiratory viruses were identified in 48.7% of samples, and the proportion of viral detections in AE-COPD was higher in patients aged 30-64 years than ≥65 years. Influenza A viruses were the pathogens most often detected during the pandemic and the following two influenza epidemics in contradistinction to human rhino/enteroviruses that were the main viruses causing AE-COPD before the pandemic. The probability of influenza virus detection was 2.78-fold higher in patients who are 30-64 years old than those ≥65. Most respiratory samples were obtained during the pandemic, but the influenza detection rate was higher during the 2011-12 epidemic. There is a need for more accurate AE-COPD diagnosis, emphasizing the role of respiratory viruses. Furthermore, diagnosis requires increased attention to patient age and the characteristics of each influenza epidemic. ","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2015 ","pages":"560679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/560679","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33379753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Mixed viral infections circulating in hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infections in kuwait. 科威特呼吸道感染住院病人的混合病毒感染。

IF 2.2

Advances in Virology Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-04-23 DOI: 10.1155/2015/714062

Sahar Essa, Abdullah Owayed, Haya Altawalah, Mousa Khadadah, Nasser Behbehani, Widad Al-Nakib

{"title":"Mixed viral infections circulating in hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infections in kuwait.","authors":"Sahar Essa, Abdullah Owayed, Haya Altawalah, Mousa Khadadah, Nasser Behbehani, Widad Al-Nakib","doi":"10.1155/2015/714062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/714062","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of viral mixed detection in hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infections and to evaluate the correlation between viral mixed detection and clinical severity. Hospitalized patients with respiratory tract infections (RTI) were investigated for 15 respiratory viruses by using sensitive molecular techniques. In total, 850 hospitalized patients aged between 3 days and 80 years were screened from September 2010 to April 2014. Among the 351 (47.8%) patients diagnosed with viral infections, viral mixed detection was identified in 49 patients (14%), with human rhinovirus (HRV) being the most common virus associated with viral mixed detection (7.1%), followed by adenovirus (AdV) (4%) and human coronavirus-OC43 (HCoV-OC43) (3.7%). The highest combination of viral mixed detection was identified with HRV and AdV (2%), followed by HRV and HCoV-OC43 (1.4%). Pneumonia and bronchiolitis were the most frequent reason for hospitalization with viral mixed detection (9.1%). There were statistical significance differences between mixed and single detection in patients diagnosed with bronchiolitis (P = 0.002) and pneumonia (P = 0.019). Our findings might indicate a significant association between respiratory virus mixed detection and the possibility of developing more severe LRTI such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia when compared with single detection. ","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2015 ","pages":"714062"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/714062","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33312447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18

Investigation of Stilbenoids as Potential Therapeutic Agents for Rotavirus Gastroenteritis. 苯乙烯类化合物作为轮状病毒胃肠炎潜在治疗药物的研究。

IF 2.2

Advances in Virology Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-08-26 DOI: 10.1155/2015/293524

Judith M Ball, Fabricio Medina-Bolivar, Katelyn Defrates, Emily Hambleton, Megan E Hurlburt, Lingling Fang, Tianhong Yang, Luis Nopo-Olazabal, Richard L Atwill, Pooja Ghai, Rebecca D Parr

{"title":"Investigation of Stilbenoids as Potential Therapeutic Agents for Rotavirus Gastroenteritis.","authors":"Judith M Ball, Fabricio Medina-Bolivar, Katelyn Defrates, Emily Hambleton, Megan E Hurlburt, Lingling Fang, Tianhong Yang, Luis Nopo-Olazabal, Richard L Atwill, Pooja Ghai, Rebecca D Parr","doi":"10.1155/2015/293524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/293524","url":null,"abstract":"Rotavirus (RV) infections cause severe diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide. Vaccines are available but cost prohibitive for many countries and only reduce severe symptoms. Vaccinated infants continue to shed infectious particles, and studies show decreased efficacy of the RV vaccines in tropical and subtropical countries where they are needed most. Continuing surveillance for new RV strains, assessment of vaccine efficacy, and development of cost effective antiviral drugs remain an important aspect of RV studies. This study was to determine the efficacy of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory stilbenoids to inhibit RV replication. Peanut (A. hypogaea) hairy root cultures were induced to produce stilbenoids, which were purified by high performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC) and analyzed by HPLC. HT29.f8 cells were infected with RV in the presence stilbenoids. Cell viability counts showed no cytotoxic effects on HT29.f8 cells. Viral infectivity titers were calculated and comparatively assessed to determine the effects of stilbenoid treatments. Two stilbenoids, trans-arachidin-1 and trans-arachidin-3, show a significant decrease in RV infectivity titers. Western blot analyses performed on the infected cell lysates complemented the infectivity titrations and indicated a significant decrease in viral replication. These studies show the therapeutic potential of the stilbenoids against RV replication. ","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2015 ","pages":"293524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2015/293524","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34079818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Influenza virus aerosols in the air and their infectiousness. 空气中的流感病毒气溶胶及其传染性。

IF 1.1

Advances in Virology Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-08-13 DOI: 10.1155/2014/859090

Nikolai Nikitin, Ekaterina Petrova, Ekaterina Trifonova, Olga Karpova

引用次数: 0

Genotyping of HCV RNA reveals that 3a is the most prevalent genotype in mardan, pakistan. HCV RNA的基因分型显示3a是巴基斯坦mardan地区最普遍的基因型。

IF 2.2

Advances in Virology Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-02-26 DOI: 10.1155/2014/606201

Sajid Ali, Ayaz Ahmad, Raham Sher Khan, Sanaullah Khan, Muhammad Hamayun, Sumera Afzal Khan, Amjad Iqbal, Abid Ali Khan, Abdul Wadood, Taj Ur Rahman, Ali Hydar Baig

{"title":"Genotyping of HCV RNA reveals that 3a is the most prevalent genotype in mardan, pakistan.","authors":"Sajid Ali, Ayaz Ahmad, Raham Sher Khan, Sanaullah Khan, Muhammad Hamayun, Sumera Afzal Khan, Amjad Iqbal, Abid Ali Khan, Abdul Wadood, Taj Ur Rahman, Ali Hydar Baig","doi":"10.1155/2014/606201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/606201","url":null,"abstract":"The clinical outcomes of patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) range from acute resolving hepatitis to chronic liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Identification of the infecting virus genotype is indispensable for the exploration of many aspects of HCV infection, including epidemiology, pathogenesis, and response to antiviral therapy. 1419 individuals were screened for anti-HCV in this study, of which 166 (11.7%) were found reactive by ICT (Immunochromatographic test). These 166 anti-HCV positive and 26 normal individuals were further analyzed. RNA was extracted from serum and reverse-transcribed to cDNA and the core region of HCV genome was targeted and amplified by multiplex PCR. HCV RNA was detected in 121 individuals, of which 87 were male and 34 were female. Genotype 3a was the most prevalent among all the genotypes observed followed by 3b. Genotypes 1a, 2a, and 2b were found in 10.89%, 13.22%, and 6.61% patients, respectively. 25.41% of the HCV RNA positive samples were not typed. 6.05% of patients were found having mixed genotypes. These findings will not only help the physicians to prescribe more appropriate treatment for the HCV infection but will also draw the attention of health-related policy makers to devise strategies to curb the disease more effectively. ","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"606201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/606201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32249041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Screening of viral pathogens from pediatric ileal tissue samples after vaccination. 疫苗接种后儿童回肠组织样本中病毒病原体的筛选。

IF 2.2

Advances in Virology Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-03-23 DOI: 10.1155/2014/720585

Laura Hewitson, James B Thissen, Shea N Gardner, Kevin S McLoughlin, Margaret K Glausser, Crystal J Jaing

{"title":"Screening of viral pathogens from pediatric ileal tissue samples after vaccination.","authors":"Laura Hewitson, James B Thissen, Shea N Gardner, Kevin S McLoughlin, Margaret K Glausser, Crystal J Jaing","doi":"10.1155/2014/720585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/720585","url":null,"abstract":"In 2010, researchers reported that the two US-licensed rotavirus vaccines contained DNA or DNA fragments from porcine circovirus (PCV). Although PCV, a common virus among pigs, is not thought to cause illness in humans, these findings raised several safety concerns. In this study, we sought to determine whether viruses, including PCV, could be detected in ileal tissue samples of children vaccinated with one of the two rotavirus vaccines. A broad spectrum, novel DNA detection technology, the Lawrence Livermore Microbial Detection Array (LLMDA), was utilized, and confirmation of viral pathogens using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted. The LLMDA technology was recently used to identify PCV from one rotavirus vaccine. Ileal tissue samples were analyzed from 21 subjects, aged 15-62 months. PCV was not detected in any ileal tissue samples by the LLMDA or PCR. LLMDA identified a human rotavirus A from one of the vaccinated subjects, which is likely due to a recent infection from a wild type rotavirus. LLMDA also identified human parechovirus, a common gastroenteritis viral infection, from two subjects. Additionally, LLMDA detected common gastrointestinal bacterial organisms from the Enterobacteriaceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Streptococcaceae families from several subjects. This study provides a survey of viral and bacterial pathogens from pediatric ileal samples, and may shed light on future studies to identify pathogen associations with pediatric vaccinations. ","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"720585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/720585","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32300904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Molecular characterization of chicken anemia virus circulating in chicken flocks in egypt. 埃及鸡群中流行的鸡贫血病毒的分子特征。

IF 2.2

Advances in Virology Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-09-15 DOI: 10.1155/2014/797151

Mohammed AboElkhair, Alaa G Abd El-Razak, Abd Elnaby Y Metwally

{"title":"Molecular characterization of chicken anemia virus circulating in chicken flocks in egypt.","authors":"Mohammed AboElkhair, Alaa G Abd El-Razak, Abd Elnaby Y Metwally","doi":"10.1155/2014/797151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/797151","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Although many previous studies reported detection of chicken anemia virus (CAV) in Egypt since 1990, genomic characterization of this circulating CAV has not been published. In the present study, four nucleotide sequences of detected CAV were genetically characterized. Methods. These nucleotide sequences were obtained from commercial chicken flocks in two different locations of Egypt during 2010. The target region for sequencing was 675 bp nucleotide of partial coding region of VP1 protein. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the detected CAV were aligned and compared to worldwide CAV isolates including commonly used vaccine strains. Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences was also carried out. Results. Our results showed that all the Egyptian CAV sequences were grouped in one group with viruses from diverse geographic regions. This group is characterized by amino acids profile (75)I, (97)L, (139)Q, and (144)Q in VP1. The phylogenetic and amino acid analyses of deduced amino acid indicated that the detected CAV sequences differ from CAV vaccine strains. Conclusion. This is the first report that describes molecular characterization of circulating CAV in Egypt. The study showed that the detected CAV, in Egypt are field viruses and unrelated to vaccine strains. ","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"797151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/797151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32736173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Novel Gyroviruses, including Chicken Anaemia Virus, in Clinical and Chicken Samples from South Africa. 新型回旋病毒，包括鸡贫血病毒，在临床和来自南非的鸡样本。

IF 2.2

Advances in Virology Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-04-29 DOI: 10.1155/2014/321284

Heidi E M Smuts

{"title":"Novel Gyroviruses, including Chicken Anaemia Virus, in Clinical and Chicken Samples from South Africa.","authors":"Heidi E M Smuts","doi":"10.1155/2014/321284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/321284","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Chicken anaemia virus, CAV, was until recently the only member of the Gyrovirus genus. 6 novel gyroviruses, AGV2, HGyV1, and GyV3-6, have since been discovered in human and chicken samples. Methods. PCR amplification of the VP2 gene was used to detect AGV2/HGyV1, GyV3, and CAV in a range of clinical samples including stool, respiratory, CSF, and HIV-positive plasma. Screening of fresh local chicken meat was also performed. Results. AGV2/HGyV1 or GyV3 was detected in stools from healthy children (17/49, 34.7%) and patients with diarrhoea (22/149, 14.8%). 1.2% (3/246) nasopharyngeal respiratory samples were positive. No AGV2/HGyV1 or GyV3 was detected in nasal swabs from wheezing patients, in CSF from patients with meningitis, and in HIVpositive plasma. CAV was found in 51% (25/49) of stools from healthy children and 16% (24/149) in diarrhoea samples. Screening of 28 chicken samples showed a higher prevalence of gyrovirus (20/28, 71%) compared to CAV (1/28, 3.6%). Phylogenetic analysis of the CAV VP1 gene showed South African sequences clustering with Brazilian isolates from genotypes D2 and A2. Conclusion. Novel gyroviruses, including CAV, are present in the South African population with diarrhoea and respiratory illness as well as in healthy children. Their presence suggests an origin from chicken meat consumption. ","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2014 ","pages":"321284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/321284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32380997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22