Advances in Virology最新文献

{"title":"Evolving Dynamics of Whole-Genome Influenza A/H3N2 Viruses Isolated in Cameroon.","authors":"Desmon Toutou Tsafack, Chavely Gwladys Monamele, Moïse Henri Moumbeket-Yifomnjou, Loique Landry Messanga Essengue, Chanceline Ndongo Bilounga, Mohamadou Ripa Njankouo, Pascal Ibrahim Touoyem, Ubald Tamoufe, Francioli Koro Koro, Richard Njouom","doi":"10.1155/av/3668615","DOIUrl":"10.1155/av/3668615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Since 2023, Cameroon has recorded numerous cases of seasonal influenza caused by the A/H3N2 subtype, which is the strain most commonly encountered worldwide in 2024. <b>Methods:</b> To describe the evolutionary dynamics of influenza A/H3N2 viruses, whole genome sequencing was performed using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing platform and the SQK-LSK109, EXP-NBD196 reagent kit (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, catalog no. SQK-LSK109). Subsequently, mutational analysis was performed on the 8 genes of the H3N2 influenza strains isolated between 2023 and 2024 in Cameroon by aligning our protein sequences with the reference sequences recommended by the WHO in the northern hemisphere during the 2023-2024 influenza season using MEGA 11 software. The trimeric and tetrameric structures of the HA, NA, and M proteins were downloaded from the protein website https://www.rcsb.org/ and imported into the PyMOL Version 2.6.1 software for visualization and annotation of the observed amino acid substitutions. <b>Results:</b> All Cameroonian A(H3N2) strains from 2023 to 2024 belonged to clade 3c.2a. The mutations I208F, K156I, E66K, N112S, G69N, V239I, K292E, Q189R, G241D, A202D, T3A, S70R, N161S, N138D, N394S, and N120D were detected in most HA1 gene samples (Supporting Table S1). Among these mutations, the important A202D and N161S mutations in HA1 in 2023 and 2024 led to the virulence of the virus and consequently resulted in the rapid evolution of the A/H3N2 virus and the generation of the new clades 3C.2a1b.2a.2a.3 and 3c.2a1b.2a.2a.3a.1, respectively. Similarly, amino acid substitutions at sites I469T, I65V, and H275Y in the NA protein were observed compared to the 2024 vaccine strain A/Darwin/6/2021. We noted the presence of the H275Y substitution in 30% of Cameroonian strains associated with major resistance to neuraminidase inhibitors, particularly oseltamivir. In general, the number of amino acid mutations observed between circulating strains and the vaccine strain for the following year was higher, indicating that circulating strains would evolve away from vaccine strains for the year 2023-2024. <b>Conclusions:</b> These results highlight the evolutionary nature of the human influenza virus.</p>","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3668615"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12473741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145184453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"The Possible Mechanistic Basis of Individual Susceptibility to Spike Protein Injury\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/av/9806840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/av/9806840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/av/7990876.].</p>","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9806840"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles: A New Frontier in Antiviral Therapy Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1.","authors":"Abdulhussain Kadhim Jwaziri, Zahra Salavatiha, Seyed Jalal Kiani, Pegah Khales, Masoud Vazirzadeh, Ahmad Tavakoli","doi":"10.1155/av/3088529","DOIUrl":"10.1155/av/3088529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and Aims:</b> Herpes simplex virus Type 1 (HSV-1) causes a wide spectrum of diseases in humans, including skin and mucosal ulcers, encephalitis, and keratitis. Acyclovir is regarded as the gold standard for treating infections with this virus. However, there are certain drawbacks to using this drug, such as its ineffectiveness against treatment-resistant virus strains. Therefore, the development of novel and effective drugs to combat this virus is urgently needed. The present work aims to explore the efficacy of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) against HSV-1 in vitro as a potential novel antiviral agent. <b>Methods:</b> MgONPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscope, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential. To assess the cytotoxic effects of MgONPs on Vero cells, the neutral red uptake assay was used. The effects of MgONPs at nontoxic concentrations on HSV-1 were then examined using a quantitative real-time PCR assay. <b>Results:</b> No toxic effect was observed in all used concentrations of MgONPs (up to a concentration of 1000 μg/mL). Three-hour incubation of HSV-1 with MgONPs at concentrations of 900 and 1000 μg/mL resulted in a remarkable decrease in viral load with an inhibition rate of 93.6% and 96.8%, respectively. The results from the posttreatment assay also showed that MgONPs at concentrations of 300 and 1000 μg/mL led to a significant decrease in viral load with an inhibition rate of 99.5% and 99.7%, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> MgONPs can exert their inhibitory effects on HSV-1 in a dose-dependent manner, both directly and through interfering with the replication cycle of the virus.</p>","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3088529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Determinants Associated With Viral Load Count Among Adult TB/HIV Co-Infected Patients: A Linear Mixed-Effects Model Analysis.","authors":"Nurye Seid Muhie, Habib Mohammed Yimam, Awoke Seyoum Tegegne, Abdela Assefa Bekele","doi":"10.1155/av/4514560","DOIUrl":"10.1155/av/4514560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV is a major cause of tuberculosis. The objective of current study was to isolate clinical determinants associated with viral load count among adult TB/HIV co-infected patients. This study was done at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from March 2017 to March 2022. In this study, linear mixed-effects models were used for repeated measure viral load count. Results from the analysis show that baseline viral load count (<i>β</i> = 465.1,  <i>p</i> value = 0.0026), hemoglobin levels (<i>β</i> = -493.5,  <i>p</i> value = 0.0107), CD4 cell count (<i>β</i> = -38.2,  <i>p</i> value = 0.0027), CPT (<i>β</i> = -326.8,  <i>p</i> value = 0.0363), functional status (<i>β</i> = 416.0,  <i>p</i> value = 0.0059), OCC (<i>β</i> = 123.0,  <i>p</i> value = 0.0028), tuberculosis type (<i>β</i> = 430.3,  <i>p</i> value = 0.0336), platelet cell count (<i>β</i> = -2.5,  <i>p</i> - <i>value</i> = 0.0005), lymphocyte count (<i>β</i> = -7.9,  <i>p</i> value = 0.0219), and visit time (<i>β</i> = -2.2,  <i>p</i> value = 0.001) were clinical determinants that affected repeated measure viral load count at a 5% level of significance. The study examined clinical determinants of repeated measure viral load count among TB/HIV co-infected patients. The clinical determinants like hemoglobin levels ≥ 11 g/dL, CD4 cell count ≥ 200 cell/mm³, CPT drug users, and platelet cell count, lymphocyte count, and visit time were decreased viral load count. Inversely, baseline viral load count (≥ 10,000 copies/mL), bedridden patients, patients with OCC, and those with extrapulmonary tuberculosis had a higher viral load count. Extensive monitoring and counseling can be beneficial for patients with hemoglobin, CD4 cell count, CPT, platelet cell count, lymphocyte count, visit time, baseline viral load count, and functional status, OCC, and TB type. Finally, further studies should be done in order to address major clinical determinants and enhance continuous follow-ups, monitor TB/HIV progression, and improve the life expectancy of patients living with TB/HIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"4514560"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12360880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144881823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-Genome Sequencing and Structure Study of Three Biting-Insect-Associated Viruses (<i>Yunnan Orbivirus</i>, Guangxi Orbivirus, and Yongshan Totivirus) Isolated in Yunnan, China.","authors":"Zhanhong Li, Yingliang Duan, Jianbo Zhu, Le Li","doi":"10.1155/av/8321566","DOIUrl":"10.1155/av/8321566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yunnan Province is an area in China with a major prevalence of biting arthropods (including mosquitos, ticks, and <i>Culicoides</i>) and arboviruses including dengue virus (DENV), bluetongue virus (BTV), and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV). Therefore, attempts to isolate and detect arboviruses are frequently conducted in Yunnan during the past decades. In this study, a total of three viral strains/isolates (LF6-4, LF3-1, and LF6C2) previously isolated from cattle, goat, and <i>Culicoides</i> in Lufeng County, Yunnan Province, between 2022 and 2023 were used for whole-genome sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, and electron microscopic analysis. As a result, these viruses were completely sequenced. Strain LF6-4 isolated from cattle was identified as a putative Serotype 1 Yunnan orbivirus (YUOV). Strain LF3-1 isolated from goats was identified as Guangxi orbivirus (GXOV), and it is the first GXOV strain isolated from this animal. Isolate LF6C2 represented the first totivirus strain isolated from <i>Culicoides</i>. The viral particles of all three isolates collected from the infected C6/36 cells were all icosahedral particles with a diameter of approximately 45 nm. However, MDBK cells yielded YUOV and GXOV particles with diameters of approximately 75 nm. This difference may be caused by different viral proliferation/package modes in the different types of host cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8321566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of <i>Molluscum Contagiosum</i> Virus: Identification of a Putative New Clade Through <i>MC021L</i> Gene Analysis in Diyala Province, Iraq.","authors":"Sameer M Dheyab, Zahraa J Jameel, Ansam Dawod Salman, Mohammed Kadhom","doi":"10.1155/av/1574406","DOIUrl":"10.1155/av/1574406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research concentrated on the molecular diagnosis of <i>Molluscum contagiosum</i> (MC) in clinically suspected individuals from Diyala Province, Iraq, through the identification of the <i>MC021L</i> gene in skin tissue samples between October 2020 and April 2021. A total of 101 skin lesion samples were collected from patients suspected of MC infection, ranging in age from 5 months to 60 years and including both males and females. Samples were gathered from Baquba Teaching Hospital, the dermatology clinic, and multiple basic healthcare centers, where a tailored questionnaire was developed to capture sociodemographic and clinical details. All samples were analyzed using conventional PCR to detect the <i>MC021L</i> gene with specific primers, followed by gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 27, with statistical significance set at <i>p</i> < 0.05. PCR results showed that 19 samples (18.8%) tested positive, with distinct bands at 979 bp. Sequencing of the <i>MC021L</i> locus uncovered 52 nucleic acid variations that are present in almost all samples (including missense mutations in the <i>MC021L</i>-encoded glycoprotein). These variations were uniformly distributed across the <i>MC021L</i> gene in the viral samples. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all viral strains belonged to a putative new clade that was located between Subtypes-I and -II. Four isolates were submitted to the NCBI database and assigned the accession numbers LC629162, LC629163, LC629164, and LC629165. The unique genetic sequences of these isolates of the <i>MC021L</i> gene confirmed that they do not match any previously identified subtypes, paving the way for further scientific exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1574406"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12343169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of Hepatitis B and C Infections in Al-Anbar/Iraq and Correlation Between Viral Load and Liver Function.","authors":"Mohammed A Hamad, Ala'a F Habeeb, Nabaa A Muhammed, Rawaa A Muhammed","doi":"10.1155/av/9970549","DOIUrl":"10.1155/av/9970549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aims:</b> Hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) represent a menacing health problem worldwide and its risk of contamination and transmission by routine activities and contact with infected patients and its remarkable adverse effects and presence of silent carriers. The diagnosis developed with the developing techniques using more specific techniques. The aim is to study the epidemiology and molecular detection of HBV and HCV in the Anbar governorate (Fallujah and Amiriyah) and the correlation between the viral load of HBV and HCV on liver functions. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A cohort of 5463 tested for HBV viral infection and 5873 tested for HBV viral infection patients' information were collected from units in Fallujah and Amiriyah Hospitals as well as private laboratories who sent for HBV or HCV detection from 15^th January 2021 to 20^th November 2021 using a questionnaire and diagnosed with rapid tests, the positive results subjected for testing with ELISA and samples tested using q-PCR techniques. <b>Findings:</b> Among the studied cohort, the prevalence of HBV infections was high compared to HCV, with the highest impact in females and the ages of young adults (29-30 years). Furthermore, viral loads were high in HCV-infected patients compared to HBV. Finally, liver enzymes (ALP, AST, and ALT) were significantly high in HCV-infected patients compared to HBV. <b>Conclusion:</b> The study concluded that females have a higher rate of infection with higher progression of the HBV and more morbid liver enzymes. The highest affected age groups are the highest communicational and economic activity group of young adults with elevated impact on the liver with HCV viral load increasing.</p>","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9970549"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12226165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Possible Mechanistic Basis of Individual Susceptibility to Spike Protein Injury.","authors":"Matthew Halma, Paola Vottero, James Thorp, Tina Peers, Jack Tuszynski, Paul Marik","doi":"10.1155/av/7990876","DOIUrl":"10.1155/av/7990876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Injury from spike protein, whether induced by COVID-19 infection or vaccination, constitutes a significant health concern for numerous individuals. Considerable heterogeneity exists in individual responses to both COVID-19 infection and vaccination, despite the latter being principally more controlled and consistent than the wide variety of infection circumstances. This review explores the possible mechanisms by which the spike protein contributes to cellular and systemic damage, highlighting the importance of understanding these processes for developing effective diagnostics and treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7990876"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12213048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144537764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prospective Study of Immune Response After COVID-19 or Vaccination and Correlation Between Avidity Index and Neutralizing Capacity.","authors":"Emma Löfström, Anna Eringfält, Arne Kötz, Wanda Christ, Stefan Kunkel, Johan Tham, Jonas Klingström, Johan Undén","doi":"10.1155/av/2265813","DOIUrl":"10.1155/av/2265813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Serological response is an important aspect of COVID-19, especially for evaluation of vaccine effect and risk of severe infection. The gold standard to assess this is analysis of neutralization capacity, but such assays are not widely available, with antibody levels often used as an approximation of the neutralizing ability. Avidity index is a measure of antibody function and avidity maturation contributes to long-lasting immunity. <b>Objectives:</b> To evaluate if the avidity index gives a better estimation of the neutralizing ability compared with anti-spike IgG levels and to compare the immune response between infection and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. <b>Study Design:</b> Serum samples from prospectively included patients with either PCR-confirmed COVID-19 or COVID-19-naïve after vaccination were analyzed for anti-spike IgG, avidity index, and neutralizing titer at 1, 3, and 6 months after infection or vaccination. <b>Results:</b> A significant correlation between anti-spike IgG level and neutralization titer was found (Spearman<i>r</i> _<i>s</i>  = 0.88, <i>p</i> < 0.001), but for the avidity index, the correlation was lower (Spearman <i>r</i> _<i>s</i>  = 0.62, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Anti-spike IgG level, avidity index, and neutralization titer were significantly higher in the vaccine cohort. Natural infection failed to yield high-avidity antibodies. Over time, the antibody levels and neutralization titer declined in both the vaccine and infection cohorts. <b>Conclusion:</b> Anti-spike IgG levels can be used as an estimation of the neutralizing titer, with the avidity index not contributing to a better estimation. There is a stronger initial immune response after vaccination, compared with natural infection. However, specific antibody levels decline over time, highlighting the importance of vaccine boosters.</p>","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"2265813"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12185213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144473751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Throughput Sequencing Detects a Viral Complex in <i>Agave Tequilana</i> Plants.","authors":"Rodolfo De La Torre-Almaraz, Héctor Salgado-Ortiz, Mario Salazar-Segura","doi":"10.1155/av/6434701","DOIUrl":"10.1155/av/6434701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Agave tequilana</i> Weber var. Azul is one of the most economically important species in Mexico because of its use in the production of tequila. Recently, young agave plants in commercial plantations in the state of Jalisco and agave ornamental plants have been observed to have symptoms of yellow streaks and mottle like those caused by viruses. The diversity of symptoms observed in agave and the negative results of the different diagnostic tests indicated the possible presence of different unknown viruses, and so we conducted high-throughput sequencing (HTS) analyses of viral RNA. The bioinformatics analyses showed the complete genomes of isolates of <i>Vitivirus</i> genus, <i>Potexvirus</i> genus, <i>Tepovirus</i> genus, and the partial genome of a <i>Badnavirus</i> genus in mixed infections in agave samples from commercial plots and in ornamental plants. The presence of each virus was confirmed by sequencing and cloning of the RT-PCR products of the capsid protein (CP), using specific oligonucleotides designed from the sequences obtained by HTS. This is the first time to our knowledge that mixed infections of potential novel <i>Vitivirus, Potexvirus, Tepovirus</i>, and <i>Badnavirus</i> genomes have been identified in <i>A. tequilana</i> plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":7473,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Virology","volume":"2025 ","pages":"6434701"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12066183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}