Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)最新文献

{"title":"Quantum Fisher Information and its dynamical nature.","authors":"Matteo Scandi, Paolo Abiuso, Jacopo Surace, Dario De Santis","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/ade453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ade453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The importance of the Fisher information metrics and its quantum generalisations is testified by the number of applications that this has in very different fields, ranging from hypothesis testing to metrology, passing through thermodynamics. Still, from the rich range of possible quantum Fisher informations, only a handful are typically used and studied. This review aims at collecting a number of results scattered in the literature and provide a cohesive treatment to people who begin the study of Fisher information and to those who are already working on it to have a more organic understanding of the topic. Moreover, we complement the review with new results about the relation between Fisher information and physical evolutions. Extending the analysis of previous works, we show that dynamical properties such as (complete) positivity, Markovianity, detailed balance, retrodictive power of evolution maps can be caracterized in terms of their relation with respect to the Fisher information metrics. These results show a fact that was partially overseen in the literature, namely the inherently dynamical nature of Fisher information.</p>","PeriodicalId":74666,"journal":{"name":"Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal solitons in hybrid-driven active resonators.","authors":"D Kazakov, F Capasso, M Piccardo","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/addfe9","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6633/addfe9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Solitons, as coherent structures that maintain their shape while traveling at constant velocity, are ubiquitous across various branches of physics, from fluid dynamics to quantum fields. However, it is within the realm of optics where solitons have not only served as a primary testbed for understanding solitary wave phenomena but have also transitioned into applications ranging from telecommunications to metrology. In the optical domain, temporal solitons are localized light pulses, self-reinforcing via a delicate balance between nonlinearity and dispersion. Among the many systems hosting temporal solitons, active optical resonators stand out due to their inherent gain medium, enabling to actively sustain solitons. Unlike conventional mode-locked lasers, active resonators offer a richer landscape for soliton dynamics through hybrid driving schemes, such as coupling to passive cavities or under external optical injection, affording them unparalleled control and versatility. We discuss key advantages of these systems, with a particular focus on quantum cascade lasers as a promising soliton technology within the class of active resonators. By exploring diverse architectures from traditional Fabry-Perot cavities to racetrack devices operated under external injection, we present the current state-of-the-art and future directions for soliton-based sources in the realm of semiconductor lasers and hybrid integrated photonic systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":74666,"journal":{"name":"Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing Quantum Geometry in Nonlinear Quantum Materials.","authors":"Yiyang Jiang, Tobias Holder, Binghai Yan","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/ade454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ade454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Berry curvature-related topological phenomena have been a central topic in condensed matter physics. Yet, until recently other quantum geometric quantities such as the metric and connection received only little attention due to the relatively few effects which have been documented for them.&#xD;This review gives a modern perspective how quantum geometric quantities naturally enter the nonlinear responses of quantum materials and demonstrate their deep connection with excitation energy, lifetimes, symmetry, and corresponding physical processes.&#xD;The multitude of nonlinear responses can be subdivided into nonlinear optical effects, subgap responses, and nonlinear transport phenomena.&#xD;Such a distinction by energy scales facilitates an intuitive understanding of the underlying electronic transitions, giving rise to a unified picture of the electron motion beyond linear order.&#xD;The well-known injection and shift currents constitute the main resonances in the optical regime. Exploiting their respective lifetime and symmetry dependencies, this review elucidates how these resonances can be distinguished by a corresponding quantum geometric quantity that shares the same symmetry.&#xD;This is followed by a brief exposition of the role of quasiparticle lifetimes for nonlinear subgap responses, which presents a window into the microscopic short-term dynamics as well as the ground state correlation and localization.&#xD;We conclude with an account of the anomalous motion due to the Berry curvature dipole and quantum metric dipole in nonlinear transport,&#xD;clarifying the correspondence between physical observables and the underlying mechanisms. &#xD;This review highlights the close relationship between quantum geometry and nonlinear response, showing the way towards promising probes of quantum geometry and enabling novel avenues to characterize complex materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":74666,"journal":{"name":"Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144295459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A homogenous polymer design with widely tunable work functions for high-performance two-dimensional photodetectors.","authors":"Youchen Chen, Nan Cui, Xiaoru Li, Yang Li, Zhenhe Zhao, Yu Wang, Miaomiao Yang, Haoran Mu, Nianqing Fu, Guangyu Zhang, Shenghuang Lin","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/ade006","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6633/ade006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Contact electrodes, which significantly influence the Schottky barrier and interfacial quality with two-dimensional (2D) materials, are key to boosting the performance of 2D photodetectors. However, it is challenging to fabricate electrically conducting films with sufficiently high or low work functions (WF₂) in homogenous electrodes for 2D devices due to the fixed WF of traditional metallic and semi-metallic electrodes, which restricts their adaptability for 2D metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) structured photodetectors. Here, we utilize a homogenous PEDOT:PSS electrode designed with adjustable WF ranging from 5.1 to 3.2 eV in 2D MSM photodetectors, achieving a high rectification ratio of ∼10⁵and superior performance metrics: responsivity up to 1.8 A W^-1, an<i>I</i>_light/<i>I</i>_darkof 10⁸, and an ultrafast response time of 3.2 μs. Meanwhile, the excellent transparency of PEDOT:PSS electrode extends the 2D device's response to the near-infrared (NIR) region, overcoming the semiconductor bandgap limitation. The universality of polymer electrode is proven across various 2D photodetectors, and its flexibility enables the creation of durable, wearable 2D devices. This work paves the way for the development of flexible, self-powered photodetectors, heralding a new era of next-generation intelligent interactive systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":74666,"journal":{"name":"Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144217765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impurities and polarons in bosonic quantum gases: a review on recent progress.","authors":"F Grusdt, N Mostaan, E Demler, L A P Ardila","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/add94b","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6633/add94b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review describes the field of Bose polarons, arising when mobile impurities are immersed into a bosonic quantum gas. The latter can be realized by a Bose-Einstein condensate of ultracold atoms, or of exciton polaritons in a semiconductor, which has led to a series of experimental observations of Bose polarons near inter-species Feshbach resonances that we survey. Following an introduction to the topic, with references to its historic roots and a presentation of the Bose polaron Hamiltonian, we summarize state-of-the-art experiments. Next we provide a detailed discussion of polaron models, starting from the ubiquitous Fröhlich Hamiltonian that applies at weak couplings. Already this highly simplified model allows insights into ultra-violet divergencies, logarithmic and power-law, that need to be properly regularized. To capture the physics near a Feshbach resonance, two-phonon scattering terms on the impurity as well as phonon-phonon interactions need to be included. We proceed by a survey of concurrent theoretical methods used for solving strongly interacting Bose polaron problems, ranging from Lee-Low-Pines mean-field theory, Chevy-ansatz, Gross-Pitaevskii-equation to diagrammatic Monte Carlo approaches. The subsequent sections are devoted to the large bodies of work investigating strong coupling Bose polarons, including detailed comparisons with radio-frequency spectra obtained in ultracold atom experiments; to investigations of universal few-body and Efimov states associated with a Feshbach resonance in atomic mixtures; to studies of quantum dynamics and polarons out of equilibrium; Bose polarons in low-dimensional 1D and 2D quantum systems; induced interactions among polarons and bipolaron formation; and to Bose polarons at non-zero temperatures. We end our review by detailed discussions of closely related experimental setups and systems, including ionic impurities, systems with strong light-matter interactions, and variations and extensions of the Bose polaron concepts e.g. to baths with topological order or strong interactions relevant for correlated electrons. Finally, an outlook is presented, highlighting possible future research directions and open questions in the field as a whole.</p>","PeriodicalId":74666,"journal":{"name":"Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeater-like asynchronous measurement-device-independent quantum conference key agreement.","authors":"Yu-Shuo Lu, Hua-Lei Yin, Yuan-Mei Xie, Yao Fu, Zeng-Bing Chen","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/addeec","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6633/addeec","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantum conference key agreement (QCKA) enables secure communication among multiple parties by leveraging multipartite entanglement, which is expected to play a crucial role in future quantum networks. However, its practical implementation has been severely limited by the experimental complexity and low efficiency associated with the requirement for synchronous detection of multipartite entangled states. In this work, we propose a measurement-device-independent QCKA protocol that employs asynchronous Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state measurement. Our protocol enables a linear scaling of the conference key rate among multiple parties, demonstrating performance comparable to that of the single-repeater scheme in quantum networks. Additionally, we achieve intercity transmission distances with composable security under finite-key conditions. By adopting the generalized asynchronous pairing strategy, our approach eliminates the need for complex global phase locking techniques. Furthermore, by integrating asynchronous pairing with ring-interference network structure, our method provides insights for various quantum tasks beyond quantum communication, including multiparty computing and quantum repeaters.</p>","PeriodicalId":74666,"journal":{"name":"Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inherent structural descriptors via machine learning.","authors":"Emanuele Telari, Antonio Tinti, Manoj Settem, Carlo Guardiani, Lakshmi Kumar Kunche, Morgan Rees, Henry Hoddinott, Malcolm Dearg, Bernd von Issendorff, Georg Held, Thomas J A Slater, Richard E Palmer, Luca Maragliano, Riccardo Ferrando, Alberto Giacomello","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/add95b","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6633/add95b","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Finding proper collective variables for complex systems and processes is one of the most challenging tasks in simulations, which limits the interpretation of experimental and simulated data and the application of enhanced sampling techniques. Here, we propose a machine learning (ML) approach able to distill few, physically relevant variables by associating instantaneous configurations of the system to their corresponding inherent structures as defined in liquids theory. We apply this approach to the challenging case of structural transitions in nanoclusters, managing to characterize and explore the structural complexity of an experimentally relevant system constituted by 147 gold atoms. Our inherent-structure variables are shown to be effective at computing complex free-energy landscapes, transition rates, and at describing non-equilibrium melting and freezing processes. In addition, we illustrate the generality of this ML strategy by deploying it to understand conformational rearrangements of the bradykinin peptide, indicating its applicability to a vast range of systems, including liquids, glasses, and proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":74666,"journal":{"name":"Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model-agnostic search for dijet resonances with anomalous jet substructure in proton-proton collisions ats= 13 TeV.","authors":"","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/add762","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6633/add762","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a model-agnostic search for narrow resonances in the dijet final state in the mass range 1.8-6 TeV. The signal is assumed to produce jets with substructure atypical of jets initiated by light quarks or gluons, with minimal additional assumptions. Search regions are obtained by utilizing multivariate machine-learning methods to select jets with anomalous substructure. A collection of complementary anomaly detection methods-based on unsupervised, weakly supervised, and semisupervised algorithms-are used in order to maximize the sensitivity to unknown new physics signatures. These algorithms are applied to data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb^-1, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant excesses above background expectations are seen. Exclusion limits are derived on the production cross section of benchmark signal models varying in resonance mass, jet mass, and jet substructure. Many of these signatures have not been previously sought, making several of the limits reported on the corresponding benchmark models the first ever. When compared to benchmark inclusive and substructure-based search strategies, the anomaly detection methods are found to significantly enhance the sensitivity to a variety of models.</p>","PeriodicalId":74666,"journal":{"name":"Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extendibility limits quantum-secured communication and key distillation.","authors":"Vishal Singh, Mark M Wilde","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/adcd28","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-6633/adcd28","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Secret-key distillation from quantum states and channels is a central task of interest in quantum information theory, as it facilitates private communication over a quantum network. Here, we study the task of secret-key distillation from bipartite states and point-to-point quantum channels using local operations and one-way classical communication (one-way LOCC). We employ the resource theory of unextendible entanglement to study the transformation of a bipartite state under one-way LOCC, and we obtain several efficiently computable upper bounds on the number of secret bits that can be distilled from a bipartite state using one-way LOCC channels; these findings apply not only in the one-shot setting but also in some restricted asymptotic settings. We extend our formalism to private communication over a quantum channel assisted by forward classical communication. We obtain efficiently computable upper bounds on the one-shot forward-assisted private capacity of a channel, thus addressing a question in the theory of quantum-secured communication that has been open for some time now. Our formalism also provides upper bounds on the rate of private communication when using a large number of channels in such a way that the error in the transmitted private data decreases exponentially with the number of channel uses. Moreover, our bounds can be computed using semidefinite programs, thus providing a computationally feasible method to understand the limits of private communication over a quantum network.</p>","PeriodicalId":74666,"journal":{"name":"Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Gravity generated by four one-dimensional unitary gauge symmetries and the Standard Model (2025<i>Rep. Prog. Phys.</i>88 057802).","authors":"Mikko Partanen, Jukka Tulkki","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/adda76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/adda76","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74666,"journal":{"name":"Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)","volume":"88 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}