Postepy psychiatrii neurologii最新文献

{"title":"The use of machine learning to support the therapeutic process - strengths and weaknesses.","authors":"Adam Lewanowicz,&nbsp;Maria Wiśniewski,&nbsp;Wojciech Oronowicz-Jaśkowiak","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2022.125050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2022.125050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Artificial neural networks, \"artificial intelligence\" or machine learning now dominate a number of areas, making many activities automatic and thus affecting the safety and comfort of life. Neural networks might provide intelligent decisions with limited human assistance. Medicine also uses artificial intelligence, also in models designed to support the therapeutic process. The aim of this article is to define the main directions of development of machine learning applications in supporting the therapeutic processes.</p><p><strong>Views: </strong>Currently, the literature distinguishes at least a few applications of new technologies of varying degrees of advancement, with machine learning at the forefront [6]. It seems that the researchers are most interested in personalizing notifications of therapeutic applications, modifying therapeutic programs in a manner adapted to the patient's problems, and conducting \"intelligent\" conversations with them.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There are dangers in using machine learning methods to support the therapeutic process. Particular attention should be paid to ensuring the full privacy of the implemented applications; moreover, selling user data of this type to third parties, such as those that sell certain medications or dietary supplements, would be ethically questionable. There are no legal regulations (or a system of recommendations of relevant scientific societies) that would limit proven applications to support the therapeutic process of a given disorder in the future, and which were created solely for the financial purpose of authors who did not conduct substantive consultations.</p>","PeriodicalId":74481,"journal":{"name":"Postepy psychiatrii neurologii","volume":"31 4","pages":"167-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/dd/1c/PPN-31-50138.PMC10112525.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9385006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical myelitis due to herpes zoster: case report.","authors":"Bünyamin Tosunoğlu,&nbsp;Seyfi Emre Aksoy,&nbsp;Pınar Çınar Önge,&nbsp;Tahir Kurtuluş Yoldaş","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2022.125071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2022.125071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) belongs to the human neurotropic alpha-herpes virus group. VZV reactivation can lead to neurological complications, including transverse myelitis. However, transverse myelitis caused by VZV reactivation is rare in immunocompetent patients. A case of transverse myelitis caused by VZV in an immunocompromised patient is presented in this paper.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>A 64-year-old female patient was admitted to our outpatient clinic with complaints of pain, numbness and loss of strength in her right arm, and decreased sensation of warmth, after suffering from zona zoster infection two weeks before. At that time the patient had shingles in the area covering the C4-T1 dermatomes on her right side and was treated with acyclovir.</p><p><strong>Comment: </strong>Consequently, patients presenting with similar symptoms after shingles should undergo appropriate imaging and tests, and treatment should be given for shingles-related transverse myelitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":74481,"journal":{"name":"Postepy psychiatrii neurologii","volume":"31 4","pages":"174-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ce/d4/PPN-31-50140.PMC10112506.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9390522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intellectual disability as a comorbidity in Tourette syndrome: a case report.","authors":"Tommy Sarongku,&nbsp;Sri Yenni Trisnawati,&nbsp;Dewa Putu Gede Purwa Samatra","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2022.125074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2022.125074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This case report of Tourette syndrome with intellectual disability as a comorbid condition may help us learn more about neuropsychiatric disorders as a comorbid condition. Increased knowledge and a better understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease may help with the management of it.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>We report on a 12-year-old male patient with motor and vocal tics that have been present since the age of 1 and have worsened over time - this is typical for patients with comorbid intellectual disability and behavioral impairment. An MRI of the head showed decreased hippocampal volume. The patient was diagnosed with Tourette syndrome on the basis of his history and a physical exa mination.</p><p><strong>Comment: </strong>As many as 86-90% of patients with Tourette syndrome have at least one comorbid condition or coexisting neuropsychological problems. Tourette syndrome is diagnosed on the basis of physical symptoms, especially the presence of multiple motor and vocal tics that began before the person was 21 years old. The diagnosis must also be supported by the presence of a comorbid behavioral disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":74481,"journal":{"name":"Postepy psychiatrii neurologii","volume":"31 4","pages":"178-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5a/59/PPN-31-50141.PMC10112526.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9378697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of the neural network based on AB/DL pictures. Possible implications for forensic sexology.","authors":"Wojciech Oronowicz-Jaśkowiak,&nbsp;Piotr Wasilewski","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2022.124356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2022.124356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Neural networks might be an appropriate solution for the categorization of child sexual abuse materials (CSAM) in forensic cases. The aim of this study was to present a neural network model that may be able to categorize objects and behaviors, which are visible in CSAM, using pictures visually similar to CSAM (AB/DL), involving persons who have paraphilic preferences for watching adult women or men dressed like children or involved in activities typical for children, such as playing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The dataset consisted of 2251 photos divided into five classes. 1914 photos were randomly used for the training of the neural network, while 337 photos were used for its later validation. The Fast.ai and PyTorch libraries were used for the training of the neural network using the ResNet152 model. We used five classes, two of which were imported from the sexACT dataset, and three of which that were collected for this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The model was able to classify selected classes with a relatively high accuracy (95%); on the other hand, further improvement of the network is needed, considering the fact that the final validation loss was moderate (0.17).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The model presented might be effective in the classification of several objects and behaviors presented in a number of pornography categories (\"paraphilic infantilism\", \"sexual activity\", \"nude women\", \"dressed women\", \"sexual activity - spanking\"). As the results are promising, further research on real CSAM is justified.</p>","PeriodicalId":74481,"journal":{"name":"Postepy psychiatrii neurologii","volume":"31 4","pages":"161-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/49/0b/PPN-31-49983.PMC10112527.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9385012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macronutrients, vitamins and minerals in the diet of multiple sclerosis patients.","authors":"Magdalena Zielińska,&nbsp;Izabela Michońska","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2022.121730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2022.121730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system in which multifocal damage to the brain and spinal cord occurs. The etiology of MS remains unclear but it is often recognized by researchers as a multifactorial disease that involves autoimmune and genetic predisposition combined with environmental influences (e.g., low vitamin D levels, smoking, obesity). An adequate and balanced diet can be extremely helpful in improving the condition of MS patients, effectively supporting pharmacological therapy. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether, and if so, to what extent, the intake of macronutrients, vitamins, and microelements may affect the course of MS.</p><p><strong>Views: </strong>The review presents data from studies published between 2017 and 2022.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There are numerous studies on the role of specific dietary components in the treatment of MS, but the results are still limited. More work is needed to define the tools required for the assessment of patients' eating habits because dietary factors can affect the functioning and quality of life of MS patients and should therefore be evaluated to assist in comprehensive treatment and recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":74481,"journal":{"name":"Postepy psychiatrii neurologii","volume":"31 3","pages":"128-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f5/7a/PPN-31-48363.PMC9946369.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9386261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effects of face-to-face versus phone counseling based on cognitive-behavioral therapy for vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Nasim Sadeghijoola,&nbsp;Poorandokht Afshari,&nbsp;Maryam Gholamzadeh Jofreh,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Haghighizadeh,&nbsp;Parvin Abedi","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2022.122499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2022.122499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Menopause is associated with complications that may affect quality of life, such as hot flashes, night sweats, and mood swings. This study aimed to compare the effects of phone versus face-to-face counseling based on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for vasomotor symptoms in postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 40 eligible postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to face-to-face (<i>n</i> = 20) and phone counseling methods (<i>n</i> = 20). Six counseling sessions were held weekly for each person, and the women were requested to record their hot flashes (HF) and night sweats (NS) in a diary. HF and NS were measured at baseline, and 6 and 8 weeks after the completion of intervention. Data were analyzed using χ2, repeated measures ANCOVA, and independent <i>t</i>-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Means of weekly hot flashes and night sweats decreased after intervention in both groups (face-to-face group: HF frequency from 31.92 ± 7.98 to 18.83 ± 7.35, HF severity from 2.24 ± 0.28 to 1.21 ± 0.23, HF duration from 4.22 ± 1.17 min to 2.79 ± 0.91 min, NS frequency from 2.34 ± 0.31 to 1.21 ± 0.24 and NS severity from 1.70 ± 0.34 to 1.03 ± 0.29; and also in the phone counseling group: HF frequency from 33.32 ± 7.77 to 19.53 ± 7.7, HF severity from 2.23 ± 0.24 to 1.20 ± 0.18, HF duration from 4.29 ± 1.23 min to 2.68 ± 0.95 min, NS frequency from 2.33 ± 0.31 to 1.14 ± 0.16 and NS severity from 1.59 ± 0.34 to 1.01 ± 0.30). Although the differences within each group were significant (<i>p</i> < 0.001), there was no significant difference between the groups after the intervention in terms of HF frequency, severity, and duration, as well as NS frequency and severity (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Face-to-face and phone counseling methods based on CBT had a similar effect on reducing hot flashes and night sweats. Both methods can be used for women with postmenopausal complications such as hot flashes and night sweats.</p>","PeriodicalId":74481,"journal":{"name":"Postepy psychiatrii neurologii","volume":"31 3","pages":"114-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1b/57/PPN-31-48820.PMC9946366.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9386257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates and predictors of resilience in veterans with persistent traumatic brain injury symptoms.","authors":"Dmytro Assonov","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2022.120600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2022.120600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To understand the relationships between resilience and socio-demographic, clinical, cognitive, and affective variables in veterans with persistent traumatic brain injury (TBI) symptoms, and to identify and estimate the value of resilience predictors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 146 veterans with remote TBI were enrolled into a cross-sectional study. Correlational analysis was used to examine associations between variables. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the most valuable predictors of resilience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Resilience was correlated with neurobehavioral symptoms of TBI, post-traumatic stress symptoms, quality of life, cognitive performance, and positive affect. There were no significant correlations with socio-demographic variables, TBI characteristics, depression, anxiety, and negative affect. Multiple linear regression showed that cognitive performance and positive affect were the most valuable predictors, followed by neurobehavioral symptoms and post-traumatic stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Resilience in veterans with TBI has a strong correlation with persistent neurobehavioral symptoms, posttraumatic stress, quality of life, cognitive functioning, and positive affect. Such variables as good cognitive performance and positive affect were found to be more valuable for effective resilience in veterans with persistent TBI symptoms (possibly as protective factors) than clinical type of traumatic brain injury, the amount or the time that had passed since their last trauma and can explain the great amount of resilience variance even after excluding all other variables. Unlike many other factors, these variables can be modified. Targeting them in specific interventions will possibly cultivate resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":74481,"journal":{"name":"Postepy psychiatrii neurologii","volume":"31 3","pages":"103-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/13/5d/PPN-31-48042.PMC9946368.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9386259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep brain stimulation for the treatment of major depressive disorder: complex psychiatric aspects.","authors":"Przemysław M Waszak","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2022.121836","DOIUrl":"10.5114/ppn.2022.121836","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74481,"journal":{"name":"Postepy psychiatrii neurologii","volume":"31 3","pages":"141-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/50/de/PPN-31-48413.PMC9946365.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9442217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can the practice of mindfulness reduce medical errors?","authors":"Kacper Łoś, Włodzimierz Łuczyński, Napoleon Waszkiewicz","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2022.120158","DOIUrl":"10.5114/ppn.2022.120158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In this article we consider the impact of mindfulness as an effective method of coping with stress and review the available literature on this topic; in addition, we share our 5 years of experience working with final year medical students.</p><p><strong>Views: </strong>Working in a hospital is a demanding and stressful job. Despite the rapid development of new technologies, the number of medical errors is not decreasing. In this paper we look for effective methods to improve medical education with a focus on the effects of stress on situational awareness (SA) and executive functions (EF). This study provides information on the beneficial effects of mindfulness techniques that, by influencing EF and SA, can directly reduce physicians' errors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The authors of this paper contend that effective methods of coping with stress, including mindfulness, should be considered as an additional subject in the final years of medical education.</p>","PeriodicalId":74481,"journal":{"name":"Postepy psychiatrii neurologii","volume":"31 3","pages":"121-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/32/75/PPN-31-47971.PMC9946367.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9385040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTI-NMDA-R encephalitis: case report.","authors":"Bünyamin Tosunoğlu,&nbsp;Hafize Nalan Güneş,&nbsp;Hatice Mediha Kına,&nbsp;Burcu Gökçe Çokal","doi":"10.5114/ppn.2022.120492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ppn.2022.120492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis (NMDA-R) is the most common among autoimmune encephalitis caused by antibodies developed against surface antigens. It was first identified in 2007 as presenting with seizures, autonomic dysfunction and movement disorders, in addition to acute or subacute onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Multifocal, nonspecific white matter lesions can be seen on cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Since paraneoplasia is usually found in the etiology, malignancy should be screened in patients with NMDA-R encephalitis.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>In our case, a 48-year-old patient is presented who has been diagnosed with anti-NMDA-R encephalitis during the examinations, complaining of numbness on the left side of his face, seizures, imbalance, excessive talkativeness and insomnia.</p><p><strong>Comment: </strong>Autoimmune encephalitis should be considered in patients with suspected autoimmune encephalitis, which takes severe clinical course and fails to respond to treatment adequately; NMDA receptor antibodies and other autoantibody tests should be requested, malignancy screening should be performed and treatment should be started in the early period.</p>","PeriodicalId":74481,"journal":{"name":"Postepy psychiatrii neurologii","volume":"31 3","pages":"138-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/cf/c4/PPN-31-48031.PMC9946364.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9386260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}