PNAS nexus最新文献

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Online speech and communal conflict: Evidence from India. 网络言论与社区冲突:来自印度的证据。
IF 2.2
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-05-13 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf149
Sebastian Schutte, Daniel Karell, Ryan Barrett
{"title":"Online speech and communal conflict: Evidence from India.","authors":"Sebastian Schutte, Daniel Karell, Ryan Barrett","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf149","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How does online speech affect offline attacks? While a growing literature has examined this link in right-wing violence in the West, much less is known about its importance in the religiously divided societies of the Global South. Furthermore, existing research has overwhelmingly focused on negative externalities of social media, while paying comparatively little attention to their conciliatory effects. We advance the scholarship in both of these areas by analyzing 22.4 million posts from Koo, an Indian social media network popular among India's Hindu nationalists. We combine these data with information on attacks on religious minorities in India from 2020 through 2022. We find that the frequency of hashtags with a Hindu-chauvinist connotation are associated with increased attacks on Muslims and Christians. We also find that the frequency of hashtags alluding to the overcoming of religious divisions is associated with fewer attacks. These results survive a battery of robustness checks and supplemental tests. Additionally, the observed relationships disappear during exogenous Internet outages, consistent with the effect being driven by online speech. Importantly, since the content we study is not overtly aggressive and conveys values rather than factual claims, it does not classify as hate speech, misinformation, or disinformation. This suggests that the scholarly debate on what kinds of online speech influence offline harm has to be broadened and that censorship and fact-checking can fall short of addressing online speech's negative consequences in religiously divided societies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 5","pages":"pgaf149"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
5G-exposed human skin cells do not respond with altered gene expression and methylation profiles. 暴露于5g的人类皮肤细胞对基因表达和甲基化谱的改变没有反应。
IF 2.2
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-05-13 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf127
Jyoti Jyoti, Isabel Gronau, Eda Cakir, Marc-Thorsten Hütt, Alexander Lerchl, Vivian Meyer
{"title":"5G-exposed human skin cells do not respond with altered gene expression and methylation profiles.","authors":"Jyoti Jyoti, Isabel Gronau, Eda Cakir, Marc-Thorsten Hütt, Alexander Lerchl, Vivian Meyer","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf127","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the ever-increasing wirelessly transmitted data, the development of new transmission standards and higher frequencies in the 5G band is required. Despite basic biophysical considerations that argue against health effects, there is public concern about this technology. Because the skin penetration depth at these frequencies is only 1 mm or less, we exposed fibroblasts and keratinocytes to electromagnetic fields up to ten times the permissible limits, for 2 and 48 h in a fully blinded experimental design. Sham-exposed cells served as negative, and UV-exposed cells as positive controls. Differences in gene expression and methylation due to exposure were small and not higher than expected by chance. These data strongly support the assessment that there is no evidence for exposure-induced damage to human skin cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 5","pages":"pgaf127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070386/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144000251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electric field-coupled two-photon polymerization system for on-demand modulation of 3D-printed structural color. 三维打印结构颜色按需调制的电场耦合双光子聚合系统。
IF 2.2
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-05-13 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf074
Wei Feng, Shurong Sheng, Jiaqing He, Xiaopu Wang, Jiaqi Zhu, Jiangfan Yu, Jianhua Zhang, Fan Wang, Li Zhang, Metin Sitti
{"title":"Electric field-coupled two-photon polymerization system for on-demand modulation of 3D-printed structural color.","authors":"Wei Feng, Shurong Sheng, Jiaqing He, Xiaopu Wang, Jiaqi Zhu, Jiangfan Yu, Jianhua Zhang, Fan Wang, Li Zhang, Metin Sitti","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf074","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advanced manufacturing has been extensively studied using various resin monomers and customized apparatus. Multimaterial microfabrication tools remain limited due to the size constraints inherent in extrusion-based fabrication methods. In addition, prior research predominantly employs monomers as \"inert\" resins, with minimal emphasis on altering their properties during fabrication. In this study, we propose a novel approach to field-coupled advanced manufacturing, wherein external stimulative fields are integrated to dynamically modulate the properties of \"dynamic\" resins during 3D printing. As a demonstration, we utilize an electric field-coupled two-photon polymerization (EF-TPP) technique to fabricate structurally colorful microstructures. To address the challenges of limited fabrication approach and resins in the field of structural color, we present an EF-TPP system that enables the production of 3D structural colorful microstructures. By coupling the electric field with the two-photon polymerization (TPP) process, this method enhances 3D printing capabilities, allowing for the bottom-up fabrication of structural colorful microstructures. Furthermore, it integrates existing electrically tunable heliconical cholesteric liquid crystals, enabling the modulation of structural color during printing while also accelerating the printing speed. This approach facilitates the production of microstructures with multiple structural colors without requiring changes to the resin ink. By eliminating the lithography step, the EF-TPP system promotes green manufacturing practices and introduces an unconventional paradigm for fabricating dynamic, microscale structural colorful devices. Additionally, the electric field-integrated two-photon lithography system provides a foundational strategy for advancing field-coupled manufacturing methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 5","pages":"pgaf074"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Federalism and representation: Evidence from state abortion laws in the aftermath of Dobbs vs. Jackson women's health organization. 联邦制与代表性:多布斯诉杰克逊妇女健康组织案后各州堕胎法的证据。
IF 2.2
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-05-13 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf125
Gabor Simonovits, David Doherty, Alexander Bor
{"title":"Federalism and representation: Evidence from state abortion laws in the aftermath of Dobbs vs. Jackson women's health organization.","authors":"Gabor Simonovits, David Doherty, Alexander Bor","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf125","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Supporters of devolution argue that local policies better reflect citizen preferences than \"one size fits all\" policies enacted at the federal level. To test this claim, we leverage the sudden devolution of abortion policy-making that resulted from the <i>Dobbs</i> decision. Using multilevel regression with poststratification, we estimate the latest gestational age at which the average resident of each state believes abortion should be permitted and compare these estimates to state policies before and after the <i>Dobbs</i> ruling. We demonstrate that policies prior to <i>Dobbs</i> were more liberal than the average constituent's preference in every state. In the wake of <i>Dobbs</i>, although this nationwide liberal bias evaporated, absolute distance between public preferences and policy was essentially unchanged. Instead of bringing policies closer to preferences, devolution allowed more liberal states to maintain policies that were \"too liberal\" for their average resident and opened the door for conservative states to leapfrog the preferences of their constituents.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 5","pages":"pgaf125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A large-scale investigation of everyday moral dilemmas. 对日常道德困境的大规模调查。
IF 2.2
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-05-13 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf119
Daniel Alexander Yudkin, Geoffrey Philip Goodwin, Andrew Reece, Kurt Gray, Sudeep Bhatia
{"title":"A large-scale investigation of everyday moral dilemmas.","authors":"Daniel Alexander Yudkin, Geoffrey Philip Goodwin, Andrew Reece, Kurt Gray, Sudeep Bhatia","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf119","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Questions of right and wrong are central to daily life, yet scientific understanding of everyday moral dilemmas is limited. We conducted a data-driven analysis of these phenomena by combining state-of-the-art tools in machine learning with survey-based methods. We extracted and analyzed 369,161 descriptions (\"posts\") and 11 M evaluations (\"comments\") of dilemmas from the largest known online repository of everyday moral dilemmas: Reddit's \"Am I the Asshole?\" Users described a wide variety of everyday dilemmas on topics ranging from broken promises to privately held emotions. Dilemmas involving relational obligations were the most frequently reported, while those pertaining to honesty were the most frequently condemned. The types of dilemmas people experienced depended on the interpersonal closeness of the interactants, with some dilemmas (e.g. politeness) more prominent in distant-other interactions and others (e.g. relational transgressions) more prominent in close-other interactions. A preregistered follow-up investigation showed that similar dilemmas are reported in a census-stratified representative sample of the US population (<i>n</i> = 510). Overall, this paper highlights the diversity of moral dilemmas experienced in daily life and contributes to the development of a moral psychology grounded in the vagaries of everyday experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 5","pages":"pgaf119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12070388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Molecular insights into the interaction mechanism of endocrine-disrupting chemicals and DNA in laccase-induced polymerization transfer. 在漆酶诱导的聚合转移中,内分泌干扰物与DNA相互作用机制的分子见解。
IF 2.2
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-05-12 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf148
Kai Sun, Zeyu Shi, Lingzhi Dai, Youbin Si, Junchao Ma, Hui Lin, Han-Qing Yu
{"title":"Molecular insights into the interaction mechanism of endocrine-disrupting chemicals and DNA in laccase-induced polymerization transfer.","authors":"Kai Sun, Zeyu Shi, Lingzhi Dai, Youbin Si, Junchao Ma, Hui Lin, Han-Qing Yu","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf148","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), such as 17β-estradiol (E2) and bisphenol A (BPA), can induce DNA damage, leading to genomic instability and cell death. Laccase, an enzyme secreted by diverse organisms, plays a critical role in mitigating the cytotoxicity of these contaminants. Despite its importance, the dynamic evolution and interaction mechanisms of EDCs and DNA in laccase catalysis remain poorly understood. This study investigates the interactions between EDCs and DNA during laccase-induced polymerization transfer at a molecular level. As the DNA concentration was increased from 0 to 7.575 nM, the pseudo-first-order kinetic constants for E2 and BPA decreased by 2.03 and 2.10 times, respectively. DNA-bound EDCs disrupted the catalytic activity and stability of laccase, thereby delaying the polymerization transfer rate of EDCs. E2 and BPA bound to DNA base pairs via groove and intercalative modes, respectively. Laccase-induced polymerization reduced damage to the DNA helix and base stacking caused by EDC binding. Moreover, the resulting DNA-EDC-precipitated polymers, formed through continuous laccase polymerization, exhibited denser and more complex structures compared with spherical EDC-precipitated polymers, confirming DNA encapsulation and/or binding. This work underscores the intramolecular mechanisms of EDC interaction with DNA in vitro during the laccase-induced polymerization, offering efficient ways to mitigate the genotoxicity of EDCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 5","pages":"pgaf148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PROTON ATPASE TRANSLOCATION CONTROL 1-mediated H + -ATPase translocation boosts plant growth under drought by optimizing root and leaf functions. 1介导的H + -ATPase转运通过优化根和叶的功能促进干旱条件下植物的生长。
IF 2.2
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-05-10 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf151
Naoya Katsuhama, Kazuma Sakoda, Haruki Kimura, Yutaro Shimizu, Yuuki Sakai, Kenji Nagata, Mitsutomo Abe, Ichiro Terashima, Wataru Yamori
{"title":"PROTON ATPASE TRANSLOCATION CONTROL 1-mediated H <sup>+</sup> -ATPase translocation boosts plant growth under drought by optimizing root and leaf functions.","authors":"Naoya Katsuhama, Kazuma Sakoda, Haruki Kimura, Yutaro Shimizu, Yuuki Sakai, Kenji Nagata, Mitsutomo Abe, Ichiro Terashima, Wataru Yamori","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf151","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optimizing leaf photosynthesis and root water and mineral uptake in crops during drought is crucial for enhancing agricultural productivity under climate change. Although plasma membrane H <sup>+</sup> -ATPase plays a key role in plant physiological processes, its overexpression alone does not consistently improve growth. While PROTON ATPASE TRANSLOCATION CONTROL 1 (PATROL1) regulates H <sup>+</sup> -ATPase translocation in response to various environmental stimuli in leaves, its function in roots remains largely unknown. Here, we show that H <sup>+</sup> -ATPase was coimmunoprecipitated with PATROL1 in roots of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>. Under hyperosmotic stress, <i>PATROL1</i> overexpression line had significantly greater root length and lateral root numbers than wild type (WT) and knockout lines. Micrografting between WT and <i>PATROL1</i> knockout or overexpression lines showed that PATROL1 is indispensable in both shoots and roots, indicating that root uptake and leaf photosynthesis are simultaneous limiting factors for plant growth under soil water deficit. Compared with the WT, <i>PATROL1</i> overexpression in whole plants resulted in a 41% increase in shoot dry weight and a 43% increase in shoot nitrogen content under drought conditions. These findings highlight the potential of H <sup>+</sup> -ATPase regulation in both roots and shoots as a new strategy to improve plant productivity, particularly under drought conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 5","pages":"pgaf151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12096363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stable strategies of direct and indirect reciprocity across all social dilemmas. 所有社会困境中直接和间接互惠的稳定策略。
IF 2.2
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-05-10 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf154
Valentin Hübner, Laura Schmid, Christian Hilbe, Krishnendu Chatterjee
{"title":"Stable strategies of direct and indirect reciprocity across all social dilemmas.","authors":"Valentin Hübner, Laura Schmid, Christian Hilbe, Krishnendu Chatterjee","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf154","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social dilemmas are collective-action problems where individual interests are at odds with group interests. Such dilemmas occur frequently at all scales of human interactions. When dealing with collective-action problems, people often act reciprocally. They adjust their behavior to match the previous behavior of the recipient. The literature distinguishes two kinds of reciprocity. According to direct reciprocity, individuals react to their immediate experiences with the recipient. They are more likely to cooperate if the recipient previously cooperated with them. According to indirect reciprocity, individuals react to the recipient's general behavior, irrespectively of whether or not they benefited directly. In practice, the two kinds of reciprocity are often intertwined; people typically base their decisions on both direct experiences and indirect observations. Yet only recently have researchers begun to explore how the two kinds of reciprocity interact. So far, this research only addresses a single type of social dilemma, the donation game, where the effects of individual behaviors are independent. Instead, here we allow for all pairwise social dilemmas. By applying novel techniques to generalize the theory of zero-determinant strategies, we establish an important proof of principle: In all social dilemmas, socially optimal outcomes can be sustained as an equilibrium, using either direct or indirect reciprocity, or arbitrary mixtures thereof. These results neither require games to be repeated infinitely often, nor that individual opinions are synchronized. In this way, we considerably generalize the scope of models of reciprocity, and we build further bridges between the literatures on direct and indirect reciprocity.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 5","pages":"pgaf154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perfluorinated compounds exposure and atherogenic risk characteristics in a high-fat diet condition: In vitro/in vivo models and population panel study. 高脂肪饮食条件下全氟化合物暴露和动脉粥样硬化风险特征:体外/体内模型和人群小组研究
IF 2.2
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-05-09 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf153
Ziyuan Li, Ze Zhang, Biao Zhang, Chengying Zhou, Hongyan Yu, Liting Xu, Zhicong He, Pu Chen, Wei Peng, Mingliang Ye, Guangbo Qu, Xiaomin Zhang, Yang Song, Xiaoting Jin, Yuxin Zheng
{"title":"Perfluorinated compounds exposure and atherogenic risk characteristics in a high-fat diet condition: In vitro/in vivo models and population panel study.","authors":"Ziyuan Li, Ze Zhang, Biao Zhang, Chengying Zhou, Hongyan Yu, Liting Xu, Zhicong He, Pu Chen, Wei Peng, Mingliang Ye, Guangbo Qu, Xiaomin Zhang, Yang Song, Xiaoting Jin, Yuxin Zheng","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf153","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are a well-recognized environmental risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, corresponding atherogenic risk in susceptible populations consuming high-fat diets (HFDs) remains unclear. Here, we found that perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), a canonical PFCs, elevated the atherogenic risk in mice fed with HFD, which was characterized by an increased number of pro-inflammatory phenotype macrophages. We also found that macrophages exhibited a metabolic reprogramming to glycolysis, which was attributed to increased intracellular Fe<sup>2+</sup> level. Mechanistic investigation revealed that PFOS directly bound to the iron-storage site on the ferritin heavy chain, subsequently weakening the iron-storage function. Notably, PFCs with acidic substituents and short chains had a higher atherogenic risk, as evidenced in the crucial indicators and observed in a population with a high triglyceride level. These findings highlight the potential atherogenic risk posed by PFCs exposure in susceptible populations consuming HFD and provide a potential intervention target.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 5","pages":"pgaf153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Conformational modulation of intrinsically disordered transactivation domains for cancer therapy. 癌症治疗中内在无序转激活结构域的构象调节。
IF 2.2
PNAS nexus Pub Date : 2025-05-09 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf152
Thibault Vosselman, Cagla Sahin, David P Lane, Marie Arsenian Henriksson, Michael Landreh, Dilraj Lama
{"title":"Conformational modulation of intrinsically disordered transactivation domains for cancer therapy.","authors":"Thibault Vosselman, Cagla Sahin, David P Lane, Marie Arsenian Henriksson, Michael Landreh, Dilraj Lama","doi":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf152","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pnasnexus/pgaf152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intrinsically disordered proteins are implicated in many diseases, but their overrepresentation among transcription factors, whose deregulation can cause disproportionate expression of oncogenes, suggests an important role in cancer. Targeting disordered transcription factors for therapy is considered challenging, as they undergo dynamic transitions and exist as an ensemble of interconverting states. This enables them to interact with multiple downstream partners, often through their transactivation domains (TADs) by the mechanisms of conformational selection, folding-upon-binding, or formation of \"fuzzy\" complexes. The TAD interfaces, despite falling outside of what is considered \"classical\" binding pockets, can be conformationally modulated to interfere with their target recruitment and hence represent potentially druggable sites. Here, we discuss the structure-activity relationship of TADs from p53, c-MYC, and the androgen receptor, and the progresses made in modulating their interactions with small molecules. These recent advances highlight the potential of targeting these so far \"undruggable\" proteins for cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74468,"journal":{"name":"PNAS nexus","volume":"4 5","pages":"pgaf152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12096364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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