Open research Europe最新文献

{"title":"Endogenous growth and the influence of information and communication technology on Poland's economic trajectory.","authors":"J S Keshminder, Maciej Woźniak, Rafal Kusa, Abdul Rahim Ridzuan, Naila Erum","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19945.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19945.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poland has experienced a significant digital revolution, driven by technological advancements and supportive government initiatives. The increased use and integration of information and communication technology (ICT) have played a crucial role in this transformation. Understanding the economic impacts of these changes is essential, particularly through indicators such as gross fixed capital formation, labour force dynamics, human capital and education, technology/innovation, foreign direct investment (FDI), and ICT infrastructure.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This research employs data spanning 33 years, from 1990 to 2022, to explore the relationship between ICT and economic growth in Poland. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds testing methodology is used to derive empirical results and assess both short- and long-term dynamics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicate that ICT, labour, and FDI have a positive and significant impact on Poland's economic growth, with labour exerting the most substantial influence. Conversely, capital investment demonstrates a negative effect on economic growth, likely due to inefficiencies in allocation and diminishing returns in certain sectors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results, several key policy recommendations are proposed to further enhance Poland's economic growth. This research also contributes to the macroeconomic theory of endogenous growth by providing new insights into the role of ICT and associated factors in an emerging digital economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pro-democracy platform advocacy: Resisting Big Tech-mediated authoritarianism in Southeast Asia.","authors":"Mai Van Tran, Tuwanont Phattharathanasut, Haymarn Soe Nyunt, Nalinthip Ekapong, Lewis Young","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.18820.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.18820.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Global platforms, such as Meta, YouTube, X (formerly Twitter), TikTok, and Telegram, have faced widespread criticisms for facilitating authoritarian repression of dissident voices, especially in the Global South. In response, human rights defenders have increasingly launched advocacy efforts toward the foreign platforms to defend free speech. Despite the varying forms and effects of such transnational efforts, there lacks research that systematically examines their dynamics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study advances a concept of <b>pro-democracy platform advocacy</b> and scrutinises <b><i>the extent to which such advocacy might affect Big Tech's practices and curb platform-mediated repression</i></b> in the Global South. The comparative empirical evidence comes from Myanmar, Thailand, and Cambodia, as there exist similar combinations of digital repression while the human rights advocates adopt varying advocacy approaches during 2020-2024. We conduct an exploratory mixed methods analysis of an original dataset of 38 semi-structured expert interviews, 6000 Facebook posts, and relevant Meta's Transparency Reports.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We find that platform advocacy efforts are more likely to generate significant impact if the advocates focus on issues that resonate with Western democracies, promote campaign publicity via prominent international allies, and are able to engage marginalised dissidents.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The research makes important contributions to both the platform governance and transnational advocacy scholarship by underscoring the unique dynamics of Big Tech governance under authoritarianism in the Global South. Methodologically, by strictly limiting the scope of social media processing to publicly available content with carefully selected accounts and keywords, this study showcases a promising big-data design that minimises privacy risks to vulnerable social media users.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Efficiency Dataset for OTEC Applications in Cuban Waters.","authors":"Alejandro Rodriguez, Melissa Abreu, Dailin Reyes, Melany Abreu, Humberto L Varona, Carlos Noriega, Amilcar Calzada, Moacyr Araujo","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.16815.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.16815.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, the generation of electrical energy in Cuba is supported by oil and natural gas. These sources, as it is known, are directly linked to large emissions of pollutants that are released into the environment. Therefore, it is necessary to search for new energy options aimed at sustainable development, allowing the preservation of natural ecosystems. Owing to the location and geographical characteristics of Cuba, it is necessary to assess the energy possibilities of the seas that surround it and to search for the most feasible areas to obtain energy from the sea temperature. This renewable energy source, in addition to being used to generate electricity, can also be used in derived technologies, such as desalination, refrigeration, and aquaculture. Hence, a dataset is presented with the calculation of the Carnot thermal efficiency for the exploitation of thermal energy from the sea, which is based on the Kelvin thermal gradient between the sea in situ temperatures between the shore and the level of depth being analyzed. Outputs of 27 years of daily data from the Copernicus Marine Environmental Monitoring Service (CMEMS) GLOBAL_MULTIYEAR_PHY_001_030 product with a spatial resolution of 1/12° were used. The calculation was made using a Python script of the daily thermal efficiency at depths of 763, 902, and 1062 m, these depths belong to the depth levels of the model output data used according to the depth ranges that are traditionally studied for the exploitation of sea thermal energy. In this way, 27 files of each level were generated for a total of 81 files in text format separated by commas. Each file is presented with the date, level, coordinates, and thermal efficiency. The dataset is available from the Science Data Bank repository ( https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.10037).</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11325129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking the politics of form: The strange case of the political novel.","authors":"Zrinka Božić","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19916.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.19916.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genre is an institution like a church or a university, a particular way of grouping literary works on the basis of their external and internal form, according to René Wellek and Austin Warren. But institutions are also there to be changed, and frameworks and rules can be challenged. As Fredric Jameson once observed, while literary criticism cannot do without genre, modern literary production continually and systematically undermines the concept itself. While political ideas and the political milieu dominate the political novel, according to Irving Howe, the literary form remains intact. Wellek and Warren therefore rightly question whether it is even possible to speak of a distinct genre when the grouping (of novels) is based solely on the theme and not on the form itself. The fact that Robert Boyers, one of the few authors to have dealt with the political novel in depth, ultimately abandoned the idea of a separate literary genre shows that Wellek and Warren's observations have hit the core of the problem. So the question arises: are there other aspects besides content that make a novel political? Why does the political novel appear in so many different guises (such as utopia, dystopia, spy novel, war novel, thesis novel, proletarian novel, partisan novel, etc.)? Is this the cause of the problem, or is it simply the law of the novel as an unfinished genre in Bakhtin's sense?</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between policy and perception: Stakeholder views on addressing territorial inequality in Europe.","authors":"Olga Jubany, Zarko Sunderic, Gordana Matkovic, Malin Roiha","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19221.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19221.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-standing territorial disparities have evolved into novel forms of inequality, exacerbated by a decline in social status and the protection afforded to citizens. Territorial inequality extends beyond economic disparities in income and wealth, encompassing unequal access to fundamental rights and opportunities such as essential services, infrastructure, and education. These disparities pose significant challenges to comprehensive socioeconomic development. This paper is part of a broader research project on \"left-behindness,\" aiming to explore stakeholders' perceptions of the underlying drivers of territorial inequalities, as well as the governance mechanisms and policy tools aimed at mitigating these issues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analysis draws on data from 20 focus groups conducted between November and December 2023, involving 98 national, regional and local stakeholders from seven European countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Greece, Italy, Serbia, and Spain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings reveal a notable disconnect between national-level discourses on territorial inequalities and the priorities of local and regional stakeholders across the seven countries. While territorial disparities are acknowledged within policy frameworks, efforts to address these issues are often impeded by governance challenges, including tensions between centralization and decentralization, fragmented coordination, and insufficient horizontal and vertical cooperation among actors at different levels of government.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The research underscores the necessity of adopting place-sensitive, context-specific approaches to address territorial inequalities. It highlights the need to address demographic challenges, geographic isolation, and inequitable funding mechanisms, particularly in underserved regions. Aligning policy interventions with the diverse and context-dependent challenges faced by \"left-behind\" areas is essential for the effective mitigation of territorial disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12120432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144183226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive Strategies Against Disinformation: A Study on Digital and Information Literacy Activities Led by Fact-Checking Organisations.","authors":"Cristina M Arribas, Manuel Gertrudix, Rubén Arcos","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.20160.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.20160.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disinformation represents a critical threat to our democratic societies, particularly considering the role of new technologies such as generative artificial intelligence in the creation and dissemination of content, as well as the challenges involved in its detection. Among the strategies to combat disinformation, debunking, along with media and digital literacy, are the preferred approaches for the EU.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research examines the role of fact-checking organizations in promoting digital and media literacy. An analysis on the websites of a sample of 88 organizations with membership in the International Fact-Checking Network (IFCN) was conducted. The aim was to identify and classify their activities related to various literacies aimed at mitigating disinformation. Data collection was carried out across two distinct time periods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings revealed a moderate reach of these activities, with 48.6% implementation and a 60% increase since the last period analyzed (December 2022). The study concludes that: 1) there are differences in the level of adoption across different regions; 2) strategies are adapted to various target audiences, reflecting sociodemographic factors; and 3) fact-checkers serve as valuable and necessary links for the most groups outside formal education systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These activities are strongly reliant on externally funded projects and programs, rather than representing an independent and sustainable business model. Therefore, it is recommended to promote and expand these funding streams. The value of these initiatives lies in their potential to reach vulnerable groups who are excluded from formal education systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145152327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wood Waste Valorization and Classification Approaches: A systematic review.","authors":"Akrivi Korba, Lucyna Lekawska-Andrinopoulou, Kostas Chatziioannou, Georgios Tsimiklis, Angelos Amditis","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.18862.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.18862.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic literature review delves into various wood waste valorization and classification approaches, aiming to evaluate their efficacy in fostering sustainable wood resource management while enhancing the economic value of wood waste. By synthesizing findings from a diverse array of research studies, the review highlights the multifaceted nature of wood waste valorization, emphasizing the critical role of sorting and separation technologies in ensuring high-quality recovery of materials. It also identifies the wood classification practices in Europe, which are crucial for creating a harmonized valorization framework that aligns technological advancements with regulatory standards. The analysis reveals that integrating these components-technologies, sorting methods, and classification practices can significantly improve the overall efficiency and effectiveness of wood waste management. Furthermore, the review identifies existing gaps in research and practice, providing actionable recommendations for stakeholders aiming to optimize wood valorization waste systems. These recommendations emphasize the necessity for a holistic approach and a clearly defined, comprehensive framework for wood valorization that considers all elements involved in the process. By addressing these areas, the review not only aims to contribute to the body of knowledge in wood waste valorization but also seeks to promote sustainable practices that benefit both the environment and the economy, paving the way for a more circular approach to wood resource utilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12118346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144175974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Instrumentalized migration: avoiding the trap.","authors":"Maxime Lebrun, Tanja Ellingsen, Hanne Dumur-Laanila, Sophie Bujold, Annabel Miller, Beth James, Gordan Akrap, Josip Mandić","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.18635.2","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.18635.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article considers the European Union's (EU) and its Member States' capacities to face the challenge posed by instrumentalized migration as a hybrid threat activity. Instrumentalized migration in this context entails people being forcibly displaced towards an EU border and made to cross it to claim international protection with an aim of causing capacity overload, adverse reactions, or exerting larger pressure on the target state. Because global migration is a highly politicised and securitized issue in European and domestic politics, authoritarian states may see a strategic opportunity in instrumentalizing it their advantage. Responding strategically to instrumentalized migration requires identifying policy pitfalls and value traps while managing to maintain as many tools and as much space for manoeuvre as possible. Authoritarian states may use instrumentalized migration to further their wider agenda of turning international law into a system of rules which would primarily protect state sovereignty and non-interference at the expense of the international protection of human rights. Responses to instrumentalized migration have impacts and establish precedence in terms of acceptable state practice. Considering this, this article discusses the EU's new Pact on Migration and Asylum and examines how it can be used to the advantage of Member States when dealing with instances of instrumentalized migration.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"4 ","pages":"251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12138498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144236137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An overview of CBDCs and their potential role in the green economy.","authors":"Christos Kontzinos, Maria Flouri, Paanagiotis Kokkinakos, Konstantinos Alexakis, Fotis Siouzos, Vangelis Marinakis","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19970.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19970.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, there has been an ever-intensifying discussion around the use and establishment of Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDC) in the global economy. This paper examines the reasons why central banks are aiming to introduce CBDCs into the economy, as well as the ways in which the use of CBDCs could contribute to the transition to the Green Economy, focused mainly around the area of providing financial means and incentives towards green investments, green renovations, and more sustainable energy consumption practices. Aiming to provide an all-around and concise overview of CBDCs, this paper explores their technological background, as well as the areas in which they will mainly contribute, as a means of transaction or value storage. Special mention is also made of the initiatives undertaken by the European Central Bank for the issuance of the digital euro as well as the legal and technological framework within which it could operate, to serve the objectives of the EU. Finally, the potential role of CBDCs in the green economy is examined, and ways in which they could be used as a means of supporting individuals and businesses investing in this direction are presented. This publication is written in the context of the Horizon Europe funded project FORTESIE.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathways for pragmatic decolonisation in research.","authors":"Monique Kwachou","doi":"10.12688/openreseurope.19943.1","DOIUrl":"10.12688/openreseurope.19943.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For too long, research on African peoples, histories, and ideas has been shaped by institutions and frameworks rooted in former colonial metropoles. This has sustained epistemic hierarchies that privilege Western paradigms while marginalising African knowledge systems. While there is increasing consensus on the need to decolonise research, less attention has been paid to how this can be achieved in practical terms. This paper argues that decentralisation-a concept familiar in governance-offers a useful metaphor and framework for rethinking how power over knowledge production can be redistributed to African scholars, institutions, and communities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>With this paper, the author adopts a conceptual-empirical approach grounded in personal research experiences within Cameroonian higher education and supported by a review of scholarly efforts by African researchers engaging with decolonial paradigms. Reflexive narrative inquiry is used to interrogate how decision-making, methodological choices, and epistemic validation processes unfold in research spaces. The paper reinterprets decentralisation to develop a framework for epistemic redistribution in knowledge production.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Building on the idea that decolonisation entails decentralising epistemic power, the paper identifies one foundational starting point and three interconnected pathways for action. Theoretical pathways reclaim African epistemologies as valid and generative, disrupting Eurocentric dominance. Methodological pathways advance participatory, Afrocentric approaches grounded in lived experience and relational ethics. Administrative pathways call for institutional reforms that empower African scholars and communities in shaping research agendas, resource flows, and dissemination. Collectively, these pathways outline intentional shifts in authority over theory, method, and governance that operationalise decolonisation in knowledge production.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>By re-framing decolonisation as decentralisation, this paper provides an accessible and actionable model for transforming knowledge production in African contexts. It contributes to bridging the theory-practice gap in decolonial discourse, offering concrete strategies to recentre African thought, amplify historically marginalised voices, and cultivate epistemic justice within and beyond the academy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74359,"journal":{"name":"Open research Europe","volume":"5 ","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144268054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}