Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)最新文献_第3页

Transcription factor oscillations in neural stem cells: Implications for accurate control of gene expression. 神经干细胞中的转录因子振荡:基因表达精确控制的意义。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2017-02-10 eCollection Date: 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1262934

Pascal Bielefeld, Marijn Schouten, Paul J Lucassen, Carlos P Fitzsimons

{"title":"Transcription factor oscillations in neural stem cells: Implications for accurate control of gene expression.","authors":"Pascal Bielefeld, Marijn Schouten, Paul J Lucassen, Carlos P Fitzsimons","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2016.1262934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23262133.2016.1262934","url":null,"abstract":"Naturally occurring oscillations in glucocorticoids induce a cyclic activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), a well-characterized ligand-activated transcription factor. These cycles of GR activation/deactivation result in rapid GR exchange at genomic response elements and GR recycling through the chaperone machinery, ultimately generating pulses of GR-mediated transcriptional activity of target genes. In a recent article we have discussed the implications of circadian and high-frequency (ultradian) glucocorticoid oscillations for the dynamic control of gene expression in hippocampal neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) (Fitzsimons et al., Front. Neuroendocrinol., 2016). Interestingly, this oscillatory transcriptional activity is common to other transcription factors, many of which regulate key biological functions in NSPCs, such as NF-kB, p53, Wnt and Notch. Here, we discuss the oscillatory behavior of these transcription factors, their role in a biologically accurate target regulation and the potential importance for a dynamic control of transcription activity and gene expression in NSPCs.","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23262133.2016.1262934","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34836665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

RB: An essential player in adult neurogenesis. 在成人神经发生中起重要作用。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2017-02-07 eCollection Date: 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1270382

Bensun C Fong, Ruth S Slack

引用次数: 7

PET imaging of neurogenic activity in the adult brain: Toward in vivo imaging of human neurogenesis. 成人大脑神经发生活动的PET成像:人类神经发生的体内成像。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2017-02-06 eCollection Date: 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2017.1281861

Yasuhisa Tamura, Yosky Kataoka

{"title":"PET imaging of neurogenic activity in the adult brain: Toward in vivo imaging of human neurogenesis.","authors":"Yasuhisa Tamura, Yosky Kataoka","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2017.1281861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23262133.2017.1281861","url":null,"abstract":"Neural stem cells are present in 2 neurogenic regions, the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), and continue to generate new neurons throughout life. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is linked to a variety of psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety, and to the therapeutic effects of antidepressants, as well as learning and memory. In vivo imaging for hippocampal neurogenic activity may be used to diagnose psychiatric disorders and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of antidepressants. However, these imaging techniques remain to be established until now. Recently, we established a quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) imaging technique for neurogenic activity in the adult brain with 3'-deoxy-3'-[18F]fluoro-L-thymidine ([18F]FLT) and probenecid, a drug transporter inhibitor in blood-brain barrier. Moreover, we showed that this PET imaging technique can monitor alterations in neurogenic activity in the hippocampus of adult rats with depression and following treatment with an antidepressant. This PET imaging method may assist in diagnosing depression and in monitoring the therapeutic efficacy of antidepressants. In this commentary, we discuss the possibility of in vivo PET imaging for neurogenic activity in adult non-human primates and humans.","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23262133.2017.1281861","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34769381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Modeling Williams syndrome with induced pluripotent stem cells. 用诱导多能干细胞模拟威廉姆斯综合症。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2017-02-06 eCollection Date: 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2017.1283187

Thanathom Chailangkarn, Alysson R Muotri

{"title":"Modeling Williams syndrome with induced pluripotent stem cells.","authors":"Thanathom Chailangkarn, Alysson R Muotri","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2017.1283187","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23262133.2017.1283187","url":null,"abstract":"The development of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) like never before has opened novel opportunity to study diseases in relevant cell types. In our recent study, Williams syndrome (WS), a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder, that is caused by hemizygous deletion of 25-28 genes on chromosome 7, is of interest because of its unique cognitive and social profiles. Little is known about haploinsufficiency effect of those deleted genes on molecular and cellular phenotypes at the neural level due to the lack of relevant human cellular model. Using the cellular reprogramming approach, we reported that WS iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs) has increased apoptosis and therefore increased doubling time, which could be rescued by complementation of frizzled 9, one of the genes typically deleted in WS. Moreover, WS iPSC-derived CTIP2-positive pyramidal neurons exhibit morphologic alterations including longer total dendrites and increasing dendritic spine number. In addition, WS iPSC-derived neurons show an increase in calcium transient frequency and synchronized activity likely due to increased number of dendritic spines and synapses. Our work integrated cross-level data from genetics to behavior of WS individuals and revealed altered cellular phenotypes in WS human NPCs and neurons that could be validated in other model systems such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in live subjects and postmortem brain tissues.","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5305168/pdf/kngs-04-01-1283187.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34757201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forced neuronal interactions cause poor communication. 被迫的神经元相互作用导致沟通不良。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2017-02-06 eCollection Date: 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2017.1286424

Marine Krzisch, Nicolas Toni

{"title":"Forced neuronal interactions cause poor communication.","authors":"Marine Krzisch, Nicolas Toni","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2017.1286424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23262133.2017.1286424","url":null,"abstract":"Post-natal hippocampal neurogenesis plays a role in hippocampal function, and neurons born post-natally participate to spatial memory and mood control. However, a great proportion of granule neurons generated in the post-natal hippocampus are eliminated during the first 3 weeks of their maturation, a mechanism that depends on their synaptic integration. In a recent study, we examined the possibility of enhancing the synaptic integration of neurons born post-natally, by specifically overexpressing synaptic cell adhesion molecules in these cells. Synaptic cell adhesion molecules are transmembrane proteins mediating the physical connection between pre- and post-synaptic neurons at the synapse, and their overexpression enhances synapse formation. Accordingly, we found that overexpressing synaptic adhesion molecules increased the synaptic integration and survival of newborn neurons. Surprisingly, the synaptic adhesion molecule with the strongest effect on new neurons' survival, Neuroligin-2A, decreased memory performances in a water maze task. We present here hypotheses explaining these surprising results, in the light of the current knowledge of the mechanisms of synaptic integration of new neurons in the post-natal hippocampus.","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23262133.2017.1286424","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34787878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deciphering cell-cell communication in the developing mammalian brain. 破译发育中的哺乳动物大脑中的细胞间通讯。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2017-02-06 eCollection Date: 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2017.1286425

Scott A Yuzwa, Freda D Miller

引用次数: 3

Transient CREB-mediated transcription is key in direct neuronal reprogramming. 瞬时creb介导的转录是直接神经元重编程的关键。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2017-02-06 eCollection Date: 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2017.1285383

Sergio Gascón, Felipe Ortega, Magdalena Götz

引用次数: 15

Glutathione induces GABA release through P2X₇R activation on Müller glia. 谷胱甘肽通过激活突触神经胶质细胞P2X7R诱导GABA释放。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2017-02-06 eCollection Date: 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2017.1283188

Hércules Rezende Freitas, Ricardo A de Melo Reis

{"title":"Glutathione induces GABA release through P2X7R activation on Müller glia.","authors":"Hércules Rezende Freitas, Ricardo A de Melo Reis","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2017.1283188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23262133.2017.1283188","url":null,"abstract":"The retinal tissue of warm-blooded vertebrates performs surprisingly complex and accurate transduction of visual information. To achieve precision, a multilayered neuroglia structure is established throughout the embryonic development, and the presence of radial Müller (glial) cells ensure differentiation, growth and survival for the neuronal elements within retinal environment. It is assumed that Müller cells serve as a dynamic reservoir of progenitors, capable of expressing transcription factors, differentiating and proliferating as either neuronal or glial cells depending on extrinsic cues. In the postnatal period, Müller glia may re-enter cell cycle and produce new retinal neurons in response to acute damage. In this context, glutathione (GSH), a virtually ubiquitous tripeptide antioxidant, which is found at milimolar concentrations in central glial cells, plays a vital role as a reducing agent, buffering radical oxygen species (ROS) and preventing cell death in severely injured retinal tissues. Despite its antioxidant role, data also point to GSH as a signaling agent, suggesting that GABA release and P2X7R-mediated calcium inwards occur in Müller cells in a GSH-enriched environment. These phenomena indicate a novel mechanistic response to damage in the vertebrate retinal tissue, particularly in neuron-glia networks.","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23262133.2017.1283188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34757128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 14

Diabetes, adult neurogenesis and brain remodeling: New insights from rodent and zebrafish models. 糖尿病、成人神经发生和脑重塑:来自啮齿动物和斑马鱼模型的新见解。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2017-01-31 eCollection Date: 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2017.1281862

Anne-Claire Dorsemans, David Couret, Anaïs Hoarau, Olivier Meilhac, Christian Lefebvre d'Hellencourt, Nicolas Diotel

{"title":"Diabetes, adult neurogenesis and brain remodeling: New insights from rodent and zebrafish models.","authors":"Anne-Claire Dorsemans, David Couret, Anaïs Hoarau, Olivier Meilhac, Christian Lefebvre d'Hellencourt, Nicolas Diotel","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2017.1281862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23262133.2017.1281862","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of diabetes rapidly increased during the last decades in association with important changes in lifestyle. Diabetes and hyperglycemia are well-known for inducing deleterious effects on physiologic processes, increasing for instance cardiovascular diseases, nephropathy, retinopathy and foot ulceration. Interestingly, diabetes also impairs brain morphology and functions such as (1) decreased neurogenesis (proliferation, differentiation and cell survival), (2) decreased brain volumes, (3) increased blood-brain barrier leakage, (4) increased cognitive impairments, as well as (5) increased stroke incidence and worse neurologic outcomes following stroke. Importantly, diabetes is positively associated with a higher risk to develop Alzheimer disease. In this context, we aim at reviewing the impact of diabetes on neural stem cell proliferation, newborn cell differentiation and survival in a homeostatic context or following stroke. We also report the effects of hyper- and hypoglycemia on the blood-brain barrier physiology through modifications of tight junctions and transporters. Finally, we discuss the implication of diabetes on cognition and behavior.","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23262133.2017.1281862","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34938766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 33

Folate receptor alpha is more than just a folate transporter. 叶酸受体不仅仅是叶酸转运体。

Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.) Pub Date : 2017-01-10 eCollection Date: 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23262133.2016.1263717

Vineet Mohanty, M Rizwan Siddiqui, Tadanori Tomita, Chandra Shekhar Mayanil

{"title":"Folate receptor alpha is more than just a folate transporter.","authors":"Vineet Mohanty, M Rizwan Siddiqui, Tadanori Tomita, Chandra Shekhar Mayanil","doi":"10.1080/23262133.2016.1263717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23262133.2016.1263717","url":null,"abstract":"Until recently folate receptor alpha (FRα) has only been considered as a folate transporter. However, a novel role of FRα as a transcription factor was reported by our lab. More recently our lab showed a novel pleiotropic role of FRα: (a) direct transcriptional activation of Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4 genes; and (b) repression of biogenesis of miRNAs that target these genes or their effector molecules. These observations beg a question: \"Can a simple molecule such as folate be used to manipulate the production and/or differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs), which may hold promise for future therapies?\" Conditions such as spinal cord injury, motor neuron diseases, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis may benefit from increasing stem cell pool and promoting specific pathways of differentiation. On the flip-side, these NSCs may also contribute to some CNS tumors therefore promoting differentiation could prove more beneficial. FRα may hold promises for both since it has the potential to remodel chromatin in a context dependent manner. In this commentary we discuss our previous data and new questions arising in the context of the new role for FRα.","PeriodicalId":74274,"journal":{"name":"Neurogenesis (Austin, Tex.)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23262133.2016.1263717","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34757199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11