Nature synthesis最新文献_第2页

Synthesis of high-entropy materials 高熵材料的合成

Nature synthesis Pub Date : 2024-12-03 DOI: 10.1038/s44160-024-00690-7

Yifan Sun, Sheng Dai

{"title":"Synthesis of high-entropy materials","authors":"Yifan Sun, Sheng Dai","doi":"10.1038/s44160-024-00690-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44160-024-00690-7","url":null,"abstract":"High-entropy materials (HEMs) exhibit compelling behaviours that are distinct from those in conventional solid solutions. Such disordered multicomponent systems bring unprecedented compositional and structural complexities that hinder a thorough understanding of entropy stabilization and its impact on phase selection and property optimization. The controlled fabrication of HEMs, ideally reaching the same level of detail as traditional alloy design, is desirable. The past decade has witnessed the development of advanced synthesis methodologies and techniques to introduce various degrees of control to this class of inherently disordered materials. Here we discuss the emerging rationales for synthesizing bulk and nanostructured HEMs with tunable microstructures, extended compositions and tailored atomic configurations. Case studies of formation pathways and stabilization mechanisms of different types of HEM reveal insightful synthesis guidelines. This progress enables predictable and rational manipulation of atomic order in the chemically disordered lattice, laying the foundations for exceptional functionalities. The emergence of high-entropy materials affords opportunities to harmonize precision and disorder for materials design. This Review highlights the synthesis principles and strategies towards controllable and predictive fabrication of high-entropy materials with complex chemical compositions, engineered microstructures and tailored atomic configurations.","PeriodicalId":74251,"journal":{"name":"Nature synthesis","volume":"3 12","pages":"1457-1470"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical fragmentation for alkene difunctionalization 烯烃双官能化的电化学破碎

Nature synthesis Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1038/s44160-024-00701-7

Thomas West

引用次数: 0

Electronic structure modulation of black phosphorus 黑磷的电子结构调制

Nature synthesis Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1038/s44160-024-00708-0

Alexandra R. Groves

引用次数: 0

Atomic-level Cu active sites enable energy-efficient CO2 electroreduction to multicarbon products in strong acid

Nature synthesis Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1038/s44160-024-00689-0

Lizhou Fan, Feng Li, Tianqi Liu, Jianan Erick Huang, Rui Kai Miao, Yu Yan, Shihui Feng, Cheuk-Wai Tai, Sung-Fu Hung, Hsin-Jung Tsai, Meng-Cheng Chen, Yang Bai, Dongha Kim, Sungjin Park, Panos Papangelakis, Chengqian Wu, Ali Shayesteh Zeraati, Roham Dorakhan, Licheng Sun, David Sinton, Edward Sargent

{"title":"Atomic-level Cu active sites enable energy-efficient CO2 electroreduction to multicarbon products in strong acid","authors":"Lizhou Fan, Feng Li, Tianqi Liu, Jianan Erick Huang, Rui Kai Miao, Yu Yan, Shihui Feng, Cheuk-Wai Tai, Sung-Fu Hung, Hsin-Jung Tsai, Meng-Cheng Chen, Yang Bai, Dongha Kim, Sungjin Park, Panos Papangelakis, Chengqian Wu, Ali Shayesteh Zeraati, Roham Dorakhan, Licheng Sun, David Sinton, Edward Sargent","doi":"10.1038/s44160-024-00689-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44160-024-00689-0","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical CO2 reduction provides a promising strategy to synthesize C2+ compounds with reduced carbon intensity; however, high overall energy consumption restricts practical implementation. Using acidic media enables high CO2 utilization and low liquid product crossover, but to date has suffered low C2+ product selectivity. Here we hypothesize that adjacent pairs of atomic-copper active sites may favour C–C coupling, thus facilitating C2+ product formation. We construct tandem electrocatalysts with two distinct classes of active sites, the first for CO2 to CO, and the second, a dual-atomic-site catalyst, for CO to C2+. This leads to an ethanol Faradaic efficiency of 46% and a C2+ product Faradaic efficiency of 91% at 150 mA cm−2 in an acidic CO2 reduction reaction. We document a CO2 single-pass utilization of 78% and an energy efficiency of 30% towards C2+ products; an ethanol crossover rate of 5%; and an ethanol product concentration of 4.5%, resulting in an exceptionally low projected energy cost of 249 GJ t−1 for the electrosynthesis of ethanol via the CO2 reduction reaction. Tandem electrocatalysts are developed for acidic CO2 electroreduction. The catalyst contains planar-copper for CO2 reduction to CO, and a dual-copper-active-site layer for CO reduction to C2+ products. An ethanol Faradaic efficiency of 46% and a C2+ Faradaic efficiency of 91% are achieved in acidic electrolyte at 150 mA cm−2.","PeriodicalId":74251,"journal":{"name":"Nature synthesis","volume":"4 2","pages":"262-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Synthesis of goldene comprising single-atom layer gold 作者更正：含单原子层金的金的合成

Nature synthesis Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1038/s44160-024-00700-8

Shun Kashiwaya, Yuchen Shi, Jun Lu, Davide G. Sangiovanni, Grzegorz Greczynski, Martin Magnuson, Mike Andersson, Johanna Rosen, Lars Hultman

引用次数: 0

Simultaneous mechanical and chemical synthesis of long-range-ordered perovskites

Nature synthesis Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1038/s44160-024-00687-2

Hong Liu, Haodong Wu, Zezhu Zhou, Lizhi Ren, Yi Yang, Aiping Zhang, Jin Qian, Shashank Priya, Bed Poudel, Chang Liu, Dong Yang, Kai Wang, Congcong Wu

{"title":"Simultaneous mechanical and chemical synthesis of long-range-ordered perovskites","authors":"Hong Liu, Haodong Wu, Zezhu Zhou, Lizhi Ren, Yi Yang, Aiping Zhang, Jin Qian, Shashank Priya, Bed Poudel, Chang Liu, Dong Yang, Kai Wang, Congcong Wu","doi":"10.1038/s44160-024-00687-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44160-024-00687-2","url":null,"abstract":"Combining mechanical and chemical effects during the synthesis of crystals can lead to unexpected material attributes. The role of mechanical effects during the wet chemical synthesis of halide perovskite remains insufficiently explored, mainly due to its temporal asynchronization with the typical slower solvent evaporation-motivated chemical changes. Here we introduce stress from mechanical shearing into a short temporal window of crystal synthesis by using a fast-crystallizing precursor ink, which causes mechanical shearing effects to occur simultaneously with the atomic assembly of perovskite. This protocol allows macroscopic dynamic shearing to impact the atomic lattice rearrangement, growth and facet orientation. Such an effect is consistently observed across atomic to centimetre scales, culminating in films with long-range uniformity. These perovskite films exhibit exceptional crystalline orientation and structural uniformity, demonstrating a Herman’s orientation factor of −0.3135 and leading to a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 25.90% on small-area cells and exceeding 21% in a 70 cm2 solar module. This synthetic approach exemplifies the use of mechanical shearing to foster the assembly of long-range-ordered crystallographic lattices, thereby providing a scalable synthesis for high-quality perovskite films. Controlling crystal growth in perovskite syntheses that rely solely on chemical processes is challenging. Now, a synthesis protocol that integrates mechanical and chemical effects achieves enhanced crystalline orientation and uniformity.","PeriodicalId":74251,"journal":{"name":"Nature synthesis","volume":"4 2","pages":"196-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coupling of mechanical and chemical effects to synthesize highly oriented perovskite films

Nature synthesis Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1038/s44160-024-00688-1

引用次数: 0

A burst of light for mechanochemistry

Nature synthesis Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1038/s44160-024-00693-4

Roman Boulatov

引用次数: 0

Heterocumulene synthesis

Nature synthesis Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1038/s44160-024-00695-2

Peter W. Seavill

引用次数: 0