Nilanjana Sadhu, Rinkoo Dalan, Pritesh R Jain, Chang Jie Mick Lee, Leroy Sivappiragasam Pakkiri, Kai Yi Tay, Theresia H Mina, Dorrain Low, Yilin Min, Matthew Ackers-Johnson, Thi Tun Thi, Vishnu Goutham Kota, Yu Shi, Yan Liu, Hanry Yu, Vicky Lai, Yang Yang, Darwin Tay, Hong Kiat Ng, Xiaoyan Wang, Kari E Wong, Max Lam, Xue Li Guan, Nicolas Bertin, Eleanor Wong, James Best, Rangaprasad Sarangarajan, Paul Elliott, Elio Riboli, Jimmy Lee, Eng Sing Lee, Joanne Ngeow, Patrick Tan, Christine Cheung, Chester Lee Drum, Roger Sy Foo, Gregory A Michelotti, Haojie Yu, Patricia A Sheridan, Marie Loh, John C Chambers
{"title":"Metabolome-wide association identifies ferredoxin-1 (FDX1) as a determinant of cholesterol metabolism and cardiovascular risk in Asian populations.","authors":"Nilanjana Sadhu, Rinkoo Dalan, Pritesh R Jain, Chang Jie Mick Lee, Leroy Sivappiragasam Pakkiri, Kai Yi Tay, Theresia H Mina, Dorrain Low, Yilin Min, Matthew Ackers-Johnson, Thi Tun Thi, Vishnu Goutham Kota, Yu Shi, Yan Liu, Hanry Yu, Vicky Lai, Yang Yang, Darwin Tay, Hong Kiat Ng, Xiaoyan Wang, Kari E Wong, Max Lam, Xue Li Guan, Nicolas Bertin, Eleanor Wong, James Best, Rangaprasad Sarangarajan, Paul Elliott, Elio Riboli, Jimmy Lee, Eng Sing Lee, Joanne Ngeow, Patrick Tan, Christine Cheung, Chester Lee Drum, Roger Sy Foo, Gregory A Michelotti, Haojie Yu, Patricia A Sheridan, Marie Loh, John C Chambers","doi":"10.1038/s44161-025-00638-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44161-025-00638-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The burden of cardiovascular disease is rising in the Asia-Pacific region, in contrast to falling cardiovascular disease mortality rates in Europe and North America. Here we perform quantification of 883 metabolites by untargeted mass spectroscopy in 8,124 Asian adults and investigate their relationships with carotid intima media thickness, a marker of atherosclerosis. Plasma concentrations of 3beta-hydroxy-5-cholestenoate (3BH5C), a cholesterol metabolite, were inversely associated with carotid intima media thickness, and Mendelian randomization studies supported a causal relationship between 3BH5C and coronary artery disease. The observed effect size was 5- to 6-fold higher in Asians than Europeans. Colocalization analyses indicated the presence of a shared causal variant between 3BH5C plasma levels and messenger RNA and protein expression of ferredoxin-1 (FDX1), a protein that is essential for sterol and bile acid synthesis. We validated FDX1 as a regulator of 3BH5C synthesis in hepatocytes and macrophages and demonstrated its role in cholesterol efflux in macrophages and aortic smooth muscle cells, using knockout and overexpression models.</p>","PeriodicalId":74245,"journal":{"name":"Nature cardiovascular research","volume":" ","pages":"567-583"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Albert J Rogers, Olga Reynbakh, Adnan Ahmed, Mina K Chung, Rishi Charate, Hirad Yarmohammadi, Rakesh Gopinathannair, Hassan Khan, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy, Miguel Leal, Uma Srivatsa, Natalia Trayanova, Elaine Y Wan
{"title":"Cardiovascular imaging techniques for electrophysiologists.","authors":"Albert J Rogers, Olga Reynbakh, Adnan Ahmed, Mina K Chung, Rishi Charate, Hirad Yarmohammadi, Rakesh Gopinathannair, Hassan Khan, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy, Miguel Leal, Uma Srivatsa, Natalia Trayanova, Elaine Y Wan","doi":"10.1038/s44161-025-00648-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44161-025-00648-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapid technological advancements in noninvasive and invasive imaging including echocardiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography have allowed for improved anatomical visualization and precise measurement of cardiac structure and function. These imaging modalities allow for evaluation of how cardiac substrate changes, such as myocardial wall thickness, fibrosis, scarring and chamber enlargement and/or dilation, have an important role in arrhythmia initiation and perpetuation. Here, we review the various imaging techniques and modalities used by clinical and basic electrophysiologists to study cardiac arrhythmia mechanisms, periprocedural planning, risk stratification and precise delivery of ablation therapy. We also review the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning to improve identification of areas for triggered activity and isthmuses in reentrant arrhythmias, which may be favorable ablation targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":74245,"journal":{"name":"Nature cardiovascular research","volume":" ","pages":"514-525"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Functional genomics identifies a protective role for FDX1 in atherosclerosis.","authors":"Nicole Wayne, Marie A Guerraty","doi":"10.1038/s44161-025-00636-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44161-025-00636-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74245,"journal":{"name":"Nature cardiovascular research","volume":" ","pages":"503-504"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanling Fan, Yandong Zheng, Yiyuan Zhang, Gang Xu, Chun Liu, Jianli Hu, Qianzhao Ji, Shuo Zhang, Shuaiqi Fang, Jinghui Lei, Lan-Zhu Li, Xing Wang, Xi Xu, Cui Wang, Si Wang, Shuai Ma, Moshi Song, Wenjian Jiang, Junming Zhu, Yijia Feng, Jiangang Wang, Ying Yang, Guodong Zhu, Xiao-Li Tian, Hongjia Zhang, Weihong Song, Jiayin Yang, Yan Yao, Guang-Hui Liu, Jing Qu, Weiqi Zhang
{"title":"ARID5A orchestrates cardiac aging and inflammation through MAVS mRNA stabilization.","authors":"Yanling Fan, Yandong Zheng, Yiyuan Zhang, Gang Xu, Chun Liu, Jianli Hu, Qianzhao Ji, Shuo Zhang, Shuaiqi Fang, Jinghui Lei, Lan-Zhu Li, Xing Wang, Xi Xu, Cui Wang, Si Wang, Shuai Ma, Moshi Song, Wenjian Jiang, Junming Zhu, Yijia Feng, Jiangang Wang, Ying Yang, Guodong Zhu, Xiao-Li Tian, Hongjia Zhang, Weihong Song, Jiayin Yang, Yan Yao, Guang-Hui Liu, Jing Qu, Weiqi Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s44161-025-00635-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44161-025-00635-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of human cardiac aging remains a great challenge. Here, using human heart tissues from 74 individuals ranging from young (≤35 years) to old (≥65 years), we provide an overview of the histological, cellular and molecular alterations underpinning the aging of human hearts. We decoded aging-related gene expression changes at single-cell resolution and identified increased inflammation as the key event, driven by upregulation of ARID5A, an RNA-binding protein. ARID5A epi-transcriptionally regulated Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein (MAVS) mRNA stability, leading to NF-κB and TBK1 activation, amplifying aging and inflammation phenotypes. The application of gene therapy using lentiviral vectors encoding shRNA targeting ARID5A into the myocardium not only mitigated the inflammatory and aging phenotypes but also bolstered cardiac function in aged mice. Altogether, our study provides a valuable resource and advances our understanding of cardiac aging mechanisms by deciphering the ARID5A-MAVS axis in post-transcriptional regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":74245,"journal":{"name":"Nature cardiovascular research","volume":" ","pages":"602-623"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A perspective on thrombogenesis through gut microbiota-derived bile acids and platelet activation.","authors":"Cristina Menni, Ana M Valdes","doi":"10.1038/s44161-025-00634-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44161-025-00634-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74245,"journal":{"name":"Nature cardiovascular research","volume":" ","pages":"505-507"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inherited traits from paternal cardiac lesions result in adapted response to cardiac injury in offspring.","authors":"Xiulin Koehler","doi":"10.1038/s44161-025-00663-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44161-025-00663-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74245,"journal":{"name":"Nature cardiovascular research","volume":" ","pages":"497"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The gut microbiota-bile acid-TGR5 axis orchestrates platelet activation and atherothrombosis.","authors":"Zhiyong Qi, Wei Zhang, Peng Zhang, Yanan Qu, Haoxuan Zhong, Luning Zhou, Wenxuan Zhou, Wenlong Yang, Huajie Xu, Xin Zhao, Hongyi Wu, Juying Qian, Junbo Ge","doi":"10.1038/s44161-025-00637-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44161-025-00637-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gut microbiota-derived bile acids are crucial in the pathogenesis and treatment of metabolic diseases. However, their impact on platelet activation and thrombosis in coronary artery disease (CAD) remains poorly understood. In this study, we observed reduced serum deoxycholic acid (DCA) in patients with CAD and an underrepresentation of Bacteroides vulgatus in the gut microbiota of patients with CAD, affecting DCA metabolism. We used Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) inhibitors and TGR5 knockout mice to show that DCA inhibited agonist-induced platelet activation and thrombosis by interacting with the platelet TGR5. Oral gavage treatments with DCA, B. vulgatus and stool from healthy individuals suppressed platelet hyperreactivity and thrombosis in atherosclerotic ApoE<sup>-/-</sup> mice, reduced microvascular thrombosis and protected the heart from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Here we describe the role of the bile acid DCA in platelet activation and suggest that targeting the gut microbiota and/or altering bile acid metabolism may be beneficial to treat CAD-associated thrombosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":74245,"journal":{"name":"Nature cardiovascular research","volume":" ","pages":"584-601"},"PeriodicalIF":9.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}