{"title":"Dox-HCl and miR-145 co-delivery through CD44-targeted PEGylated liposomes inhibit Breast Cancer <i>in vitro</i> via augmenting PI3K/AKT pathway.","authors":"Chu Xin Ng, Sau Har Lee, Pei Pei Chong","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2540765","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2540765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study deals with integrating a CD44-targeting short peptide, A6 (KPSSPPEE) onto the PEGylated liposomes to enhance the in vitro anticancer activities of doxorubicin hydrochloride and tumor suppressor miR-145 mimics on triple-negative breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A CD44-targeting short peptide, A6 (KPSSPPEE) was integrated onto the optimized PEGylated liposomes, and its effects on cellular uptake, anti-proliferation, and anti-metastasis activities were assessed in triple-negative breast cancer, MDA-MB-231 cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The resulting formulation (A6-PEG-lipo-Dox-miR145) demonstrated enhanced cellular uptake by CD44-expressing MDA-MB-231 cells within 2 h of incubation. In vitro study showed that A6-PEG-lipo-Dox-miR145 exerted a greater anti-proliferative activity with higher selectivity (Dox-HCl IC<sub>50</sub> = 1.60 ± 0.07 μM; selectivity index (SI) = 1.30) against MDA-MB-231 cells when compared to MCF10A cells, which an enhanced suppression of PI3K/AKT pathway was observed, highlighting its potential as a targeted therapy for TNBC. Additionally, A6-PEG-lipo-Dox-miR145 showed anti-migration and improved anti-invasion activities on MDA-MB-231 cells, which correlated with its ability in reversing endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through modulating both N-cadherin and E-cadherin expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that the incorporation of A6 peptide represents a simple and straightforward strategy to improve the targetability and therapeutic effects of PEGylated liposome, warranting further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"2201-2216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12408063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144746360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Up to date production and utilization of plant and animal extracellular vesicles for therapeutic purposes.","authors":"Olga Janouskova, Michaela Kocholata","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2511467","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2511467","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"2295-2299"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A multimodal approach to smart and sustained drug delivery for corneal wound management: the GelPol nanoformulation.","authors":"Neeraj S Thakur, Iulia Rus, Vibhuti Agrahari","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2550236","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2550236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to develop a thermo-photo dual-stimuli-responsive hydrogel matrix and ROS-responsive engineered nanocarriers-based composite GelPol nanoformulation for corneal wound management. GelPol is composed of modified gelatin and poloxamer 407SH holding nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with dexamethasone, rapamycin, and ciprofloxacin.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Dual-stimuli-responsive hydrogel and ROS-responsive NPs were synthesized and characterized. Sol-gel transition of GelPol was studied at various temperatures and light irradiation. In vitro release studies and kinetics from the GelPol nanoformulation were conducted at 25°C and 37°C over 3 weeks. Structural integrity and stability studies were performed under various conditions (temperature and pH) for 4 weeks and confirmed through FTIR and DSC analyses. Cell viability and biocompatibility studies using HCEC were conducted to assess safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NPs characterization revealed hydrodynamic diameters ranging from 105 to 114 nm with polydispersity between 0.108 and 0.153. Encapsulation efficiencies for DEX, RAPA, and CIP were 87.27%, 88.11%, and 76.94%, respectively. Stability studies confirmed the GelPol stability through FTIR, DSC, and HPLC analyses. Cell viability and biocompatibility studies demonstrated the safety of GelPol formulations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The tailored GelPol novel approach could offer a noninvasive alternative for corneal wound treatment, potentially improving patient safety and adherence compared to traditional procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":"20 18","pages":"2321-2339"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144981637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emerging nanoparticles that target and eliminate cancer stem cells.","authors":"Zitao Fan, Baizhu Chen, Xiangliang Yang, Zifu Li","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2544509","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2544509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a distinct subpopulation within tumors possessing self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capacities, represent the pivotal drivers of therapeutic resistance, tumor recurrence, and metastatic dissemination. The inherent heterogeneity and drug resilience of CSCs render conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy largely ineffective against this population despite their ability to eliminate bulk tumor cells, ultimately limiting treatment outcomes. In recent years, nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising therapeutic platforms for CSCs-targeted intervention due to their unique physicochemical properties and multifunctional capabilities. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in utilizing organic (liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles), inorganic (gold, silica), and biologically derived (extracellular vesicles, cell membrane-coated NPs) NPs for CSCs eradication. These nanoplatforms achieve active CSCs targeting and elimination through surface modification with CSCs-specific markers, pathway-targeting molecules, or regulators of CSCs biological properties. Although significant progress has been made in nanoparticle-mediated anti-CSCs therapy, critical challenges remain in targeting efficiency, scalable manufacturing, and comprehensive safety evaluation. The continued evolution of drug delivery systems (DDSs) coupled with future breakthroughs in drug delivery vehicles will undoubtedly lead to greater advances in CSCs-targeted DDSs.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"2341-2355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144801127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advances in selenium-based nanomedicines for cardiovascular disease therapy: mechanisms, current trends, and prospects.","authors":"Ping Li, Shibing Wang, Huafeng Shou, Yiyi Shan, Jianwei Wang, Xiaozhou Mou, Youni Zhang","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2541569","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2541569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disorders are among the leading causes of death globally, posing significant health and economic challenges. Selenium nanoparticles have emerged as promising carriers for targeted therapy due to their unique antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties. This review summarizes the therapeutic potential of selenium nanoparticles in managing cardiovascular diseases, as well as their applications in related conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, cancer, diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and infectious diseases. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, covering studies published between 2010 and 2024. Key challenges addressed include target identification for selenium nanoparticles and functionalization strategies to enhance their stability and targeted delivery while minimizing off-target effects. We also discuss recent advances in nanoparticle functionalization and their integration into biocompatible scaffolds. Core findings highlight selenium nanoparticles as versatile nanoplatforms with significant clinical translation potential for cardiovascular therapy. Further research is needed to optimize their design and fully elucidate their mechanisms of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"2257-2274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12407650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144790949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An uphill path to commercialization of silver nanoparticle antimicrobials: from bench to market.","authors":"Sanil Nadar, Anan Safwat, Nan Qin, Daniel M Czyż","doi":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2518914","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17435889.2025.2518914","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74240,"journal":{"name":"Nanomedicine (London, England)","volume":" ","pages":"2305-2308"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144328012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}