Ángeles Morales Martínez , Sandra González Alonso , María José Gómez Castro
{"title":"Prevalence of adults labelled as allergic to penicillin in an urban health centre","authors":"Ángeles Morales Martínez , Sandra González Alonso , María José Gómez Castro","doi":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.107005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.107005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74154,"journal":{"name":"Medicina clinica (English ed.)","volume":"165 3","pages":"Article 107005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rut Álvarez-Velasco , María Fernández , Alfonso Revuelta , Sena Valcárcel , Luis Gutiérrez , Daniel Morena , Reyes López-Triviño , Marcel Almendárez , Pablo Avanzas , Emilio Esteban , Carlos Álvarez-Fernández , Rebeca Lorca
{"title":"Cardiovascular events and survival of male patients with germline cell tumors","authors":"Rut Álvarez-Velasco , María Fernández , Alfonso Revuelta , Sena Valcárcel , Luis Gutiérrez , Daniel Morena , Reyes López-Triviño , Marcel Almendárez , Pablo Avanzas , Emilio Esteban , Carlos Álvarez-Fernández , Rebeca Lorca","doi":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.107034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.107034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aim</h3><div>Testicular germline tumors affect young male patients. Although they have high survival rates, they also have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to the general population. In this study we aim to evaluate the cardiovascular events and survival rates of a cohort of testicular cancer patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 274 consecutive testicular cancer patients treated at a university hospital, with an active cardio-oncology program – cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and CV events were evaluated. Survival rates were compared with its reference general population matched for age, sex, and region, using the Ederer II method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of CV risk factors like high blood pressure and smoking, and CV events (acute myocardial infarction, pulmonary thromboembolism and exertional angina) were higher in testicular cancer patients. The survival analysis revealed that, in the first few years after diagnosis, there was a slight increase in mortality compared to their reference general population. However, from 7 years onwards, the survival of testicular cancer papers did not show any differences compared to its general reference population, according to age, sex, and geographical area.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Testicular germline cancer patients represent a young high-risk population, with CV risk factors and CV events. However, it carefully followed, long-term prognosis in terms of survival can be the same of a person who did not suffer this cancer. Therefore, it is important to strengthen cardio-oncology prevention strategies in this young population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74154,"journal":{"name":"Medicina clinica (English ed.)","volume":"165 3","pages":"Article 107034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jaume Francisco-Pascual , Jose Manuel Medina Maguiña , Nuria Rivas-Gándara
{"title":"Autonomic syncope","authors":"Jaume Francisco-Pascual , Jose Manuel Medina Maguiña , Nuria Rivas-Gándara","doi":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.107107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.107107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The term \"autonomic syncope\" has recently been introduced in the literature to encompass non-cardiac causes of syncope in which the autonomic nervous system plays a key role in its pathophysiology. The phenotypic classification into bradycardic, hypotensive, and mixed types has enabled a more precise approach to diagnosis and treatment.</div><div>This narrative review will present the latest updates with a practical focus, emphasizing the importance of diagnostic tools such as ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and the tilt table test. Additionally, advances in personalized treatments will be discussed, ranging from lifestyle modifications to the use of medications and devices such as closed-loop stimulation pacemakers. Ongoing research continues to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic effectiveness, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for patients with autonomic syncope.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74154,"journal":{"name":"Medicina clinica (English ed.)","volume":"165 3","pages":"Article 107107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classic Guillain-Barré syndrome","authors":"José Berciano , José Gazulla , Jon Infante","doi":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.107014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.107014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Classic Guillain-Barré syndrome is an acute, post-infectious, immune-mediated polyneuropathy with a variable degree of flaccid tetraparesis. It includes demyelinating and axonal forms. Numerous nosological advances are reviewed, largely driven by the IGOS Consortium (International Guillain-Barré Outcome Study) after having compiled 2000 patients from multiple nationalities including Spanish, which has made it possible to promote scales that facilitate its diagnosis and prognosis. Special emphasis has been placed on the pathological substrate of autopsy, and particularly in the very early phase of the syndrome (≤4 days after onset), when the fundamental lesion is inflammatory edema of proximal nerve trunks and particularly of spinal nerves. This notion opens new pathogenic, diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives, helping to better understand why serum axonal biomarkers of axonal damage are elevated, in both axonal and demyelinating forms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74154,"journal":{"name":"Medicina clinica (English ed.)","volume":"165 3","pages":"Article 107014"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Silvia Patricia Alonso , Sergio Valdes , Viyey Kishore Doulatram-Gamgaram
{"title":"GLP-1 agonists in glycemic and weight control of type 2 diabetes. New perspectives","authors":"Silvia Patricia Alonso , Sergio Valdes , Viyey Kishore Doulatram-Gamgaram","doi":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.107042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.107042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are interrelated global problems affecting 988 and 537 million people, respectively, figures that are continuously increasing. Obesity is a key factor in DM2, as it intensifies insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction, accelerating disease progression. Weight loss improves glycemic control, reduces the occurrence of comorbidities and, in some cases, induces diabetes remission. In this regard, GLP-1 receptor agonists have revolutionized the treatment of DM2. Since the introduction of exenatide in 2005, more effective drugs have been developed that improve glycemic control, reduce weight, and decrease the occurrence of cardiovascular events. This article discusses the mechanisms of action and efficacy of these agents, highlighting recent advances such as polyagonists and oral formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74154,"journal":{"name":"Medicina clinica (English ed.)","volume":"165 3","pages":"Article 107042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ana I. Curcoy Barcenilla , Nerea Garcia Holguera , Carla Cano Garcia , Marta Simó Nebot , Carles Luaces Cubells , Victoria Trenchs Sainz de la Maza
{"title":"The post-COVID-19 pandemic situation regarding the number of cases and the profile of patients treated for suspected child and adolescent sexual violence","authors":"Ana I. Curcoy Barcenilla , Nerea Garcia Holguera , Carla Cano Garcia , Marta Simó Nebot , Carles Luaces Cubells , Victoria Trenchs Sainz de la Maza","doi":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.106988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.106988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>After the pandemic, the Barcelona adult’s reference centre for victims of sexual assault reported a 40% increase in its consultations. Our objective is to determine if cases of suspected child and adolescent sexual violence (CASV) also increased and if the profile of the victims changed.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional study. Patients <18 years of age treated for suspected CASV in 2019 and 2022 by a Functional Team of Experts were included and their characteristics were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>135 cases from 2019 and 163 from 2022 were included. 83.2% were female. The mean age was 10 vs. 12 years (<em>p</em> = 0.064), 11.9% vs. 25.2% (<em>p</em> = 0.004) had a psychiatric history, and 59.3% vs. 43.6% (p = 0.039) were referred from the hospital. 0.7% sexually transmitted infections were diagnosed in 2019 vs. 4.3% in 2022 (<em>p</em> = 0.076). A possible aggressor was reported in 287 (96.9% male): it was a cohabitant in 47.3% vs. 28.8% (<em>p</em> = 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A substantial increase in cases with suspected CASV was detected; affecting more adolescent girls, more exposed to non-cohabiting aggressors, making it necessary to insist on awareness and prevention campaigns in this age group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74154,"journal":{"name":"Medicina clinica (English ed.)","volume":"165 3","pages":"Article 106988"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luis Gorospe , Yolanda Lage-Alfranca , Ainara Soria-Rivas , Abel González-Huete
{"title":"Fatal hemoptysis due to massive cavitation of lung metastases in a patient with adenoid cystic carcinoma treated with lenvatinib","authors":"Luis Gorospe , Yolanda Lage-Alfranca , Ainara Soria-Rivas , Abel González-Huete","doi":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.106955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medcle.2025.106955","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74154,"journal":{"name":"Medicina clinica (English ed.)","volume":"165 3","pages":"Article 106955"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}