Autonomic syncope

The term "autonomic syncope" has recently been introduced in the literature to encompass non-cardiac causes of syncope in which the autonomic nervous system plays a key role in its pathophysiology. The phenotypic classification into bradycardic, hypotensive, and mixed types has enabled a more precise approach to diagnosis and treatment.

This narrative review will present the latest updates with a practical focus, emphasizing the importance of diagnostic tools such as ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and the tilt table test. Additionally, advances in personalized treatments will be discussed, ranging from lifestyle modifications to the use of medications and devices such as closed-loop stimulation pacemakers. Ongoing research continues to improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic effectiveness, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for patients with autonomic syncope.