American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Fumigation and Immersion of Essential Oils on Quality and Physiology of Fresh Shiitake Mushrooms (Lentinus edodes)","authors":"Yan-Jun Li, Yanxin Wang, Shu-Shu Ding, Yu-jiao Zhao, Haifang Xiao, Yue Song","doi":"10.3844/ajbbsp.2022.49.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2022.49.57","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding Author: Yanjie Li School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China; Email: yanjie0227@163.com Abstract: The effects of different essential oils with fumigation or immersion on sensory and physiological quality of fresh shiitake mushrooms were evaluated during the storage. Shiitake mushrooms were treated with essential oils (grapefruit essential oil, rosemary essential oil, cinnamon essential oil) by fumigation and immersion respectively. The surface color, browning degree, sensory evaluation, hardness, soluble protein content, total phenolic content and DPPH· scavenging ability of shiitake mushrooms were measured during the storage. The results showed that hardness, sensory qualities and soluble protein decreased gradually with the extension of storage period in all the treatments and rosemary essential oil had better effect on maintaining cap color, sensory quality, total phenolic content and DPPH· scavenging ability compared with other treatments. In general, immersion treatment showed better effect on shiitake mushrooms preservation than fumigation treatment.","PeriodicalId":7412,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75734970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and Experiment on Rotary Cutting Test Bench for Sweet Potato Vine","authors":"Gui-Cai Mu, Zhengduo Liu, Junming Liu, Wenxiu Zheng, Xieteng Qi, Xu Wang, Zhaoqin Lü","doi":"10.3844/ajbbsp.2022.129.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2022.129.140","url":null,"abstract":": To study the cutting mechanism of sweet potato vine, provide technical support and a theoretical basis for the development of sweet potato vine harvesting machinery and improve the resource utilization rate of sweet potato vine, a cutting test bench for sweet potato vine was designed. The test bench consists of two parts: The mechanical part and the measurement-control part. In this study, the requirements for the mechanical structure design of the test bench are first put forward and then the structure and hardware of the measurement control system are described. Using this platform, the cutting experiment of sweet potato vine was carried out and the effects of cutter roller speed, conveying speed and feeding amount on cutting torque, cutting power, and cutting force were deeply discussed. The test shows that the sweet potato cutting test bench not only realizes the visualization of the test process but also has the characteristics of small measurement error, stable operation, and simple operation. Through experiments, when the cutter roller speed is 1266 r·min  1 , the conveying speed is 0.54 m·s  1 and the feeding amount is 1.0 kg, the sweet potato vine cutter has excellent working performance such as high processing efficiency and low energy consumption. The platform can provide a reliable scientific basis for cutter design and power selection of sweet potato vine harvesting machinery.","PeriodicalId":7412,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"139 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79831088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of Low-Sugar Herbal Buccal Tablet and its Antioxidant Activity","authors":"D.-Z. Zhu","doi":"10.3844/ajbbsp.2022.87.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2022.87.99","url":null,"abstract":": In this study, in order to prepare a low-sugar Herbal Buccal Tablet (HBT), Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the formula of HBT. HBT was prepared by wet granulation and tableting process on the basis of formula optimization. The in vitro antioxidant activity, glycemic index and particle microstructure of HBT were evaluated. The results showed that the optimal formula for HBT was Siraitia grosvenorii fruit powder of 15%, canarium album fruit powder of 16%, lily bulb powder of 7.1%, erythritol of 55% and citric acid of 0.45%. HBT was prepared by adding 0.3% x glycosides, 5% Arabic gum, 1% magnesium stearate and 0.15% menthol on the basis of optimal formula. Under the optimal formula, the content of total flavonoids and saponins in HBT was 10.08±0.05 mg/g and 11.28±0.03 mg/g, respectively. HBT had an advantage over Commercial Sugar-Sweetened Confectionery (CSC) because of its higher antioxidant activity. The results showed that HBT may have the potential to become a traditional candy substitute in food industry due to its high content of active ingredients, low sugar content and good antioxidant activity in the future.","PeriodicalId":7412,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78392628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Total Flavonoids Extraction from Flower of Albizia Julibrissin Durazz. by Response Surface Methodology for Characterization of Chemical Profile and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities","authors":"Yijie Cheng, Yuwen Zhang, H. Sun, Dongting Huang, Bo Jiang, Jingyuan Xu","doi":"10.3844/ajbbsp.2022.100.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2022.100.117","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding Author: Jingyuan Xu School of Biology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, China Email: jingyuanxu369@gmail.com Abstract: To investigate the flavonoids in flower of Albizia julibrissin (‘He Huan Hua’ in Chinese), the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of total flavonoids from ‘He Huan Hua’ was optimized by response surface methodology and the chemical profile was characterized by HPLCQTOF-MS/MS. What’s more, the antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of ‘He Huan Hua’ were also evaluated in this study. The extraction time, extraction temperature and ethanol concentration were optimized by single factor experiments and response surface methodology. The three factors were optimized to be 43 min, 40°C and 49% (v/v) respectively. Under the optimized extraction condition, the yield of total flavonoids from ‘He Huan Hua’ was 3.31% (W/W). There were 32 different flavonoids identified from the extracts of ‘He Huan Hua’, which mainly were flavonol glycosides and the principal component was quercitrin. The antioxidant activity of the extracts of ‘He Huan Hua’ was evaluated by Diphenyl Picryl Hydrazinyl Radical (DPPH), 2,2′-Azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and reducing power assays. The extracts of ‘He Huan Hua’ exhibited good antioxidative activity with IC50/EC50 of 90.91±3.36 (DPPH assay), 15.09±0.17 (ABTS assay) and 67.69±2.97 (reducing power assay) μg/mL, respectively. Most importantly, the extracts of ‘He Huan Hua’ also showed good tyrosinase inhibitory activity (IC50:1.32±0.01 mg/mL). The higher antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of ‘He Huan Hua’ might be related to the presence of rich flavonol compounds. In summary, flavonoids in ‘He Huan Hua’ have great value for developing antioxidants and tyrosinase inhibitors and are deserved to be applied for prevention of premature skin aging.","PeriodicalId":7412,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86633031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A HPLC Method for Detection of 17 Characteristic Components in Tea Extract","authors":"Ying-Mei Liu, Dan Wu, Ping Tang, Xingqian Ye","doi":"10.3844/ajbbsp.2022.41.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2022.41.48","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding Author: Dan Wu College of Biosystems and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China Email: wudan2008@zju.edu.cn Abstract: A HPLC method has been developed for the determination of tea for seven catechins ((+)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin, (−)-epigallocatechin, (−)epigallocatechin gallate, (−)-epicatechin gallate, (−)-gallocatechins and (−)gallocatechin gallate), two flavonols (quercetin, kaempferol), seven organic acids (Gallic acid, ferulic acid, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid,p-coumaric acid, erucic acid,vanillic acid) and caffeine. Using HPLC with gradient elution and photodiode array detection, seventeen compounds were separated and detected by optimizing the column temperature, mobile phase ratio and detection wavelength. The validity of this method was confirmed by the quantitative measurement of seventeen characteristic compounds. The correlation coefficient of all standards curve was 0.9967~1.0000 and the detection limits (s/N = 3) were 0.010~1.2 mg/L. The average recoveries of 17 characteristic components were between 81.50 and 124.80%. 59 green tea samples (origin: Hangzhou, China) were analyzed and 11 characteristic components were found in all samples and their content of different samples varied greatly. The catechins were the most abundant constituents in teas with up to 79.5~156.6 g/kg and the contents of (−)epigallocatechin gallate were the highest. Quercetin and kaempferol were only found in some tea samples. Protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ferulic acid and erucic acid were not detected in the tea samples. This method is ideally suited for routine analysis for the determination of bioactive components in green tea with good repeatability and accuracy of results. Furthermore, this method can be applied to all kinds of tea and tea products and provided a detection method for establishing the HPLC fingerprint of a certain tea.","PeriodicalId":7412,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80410489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Detection Techniques for Chemical Oxygen Demand in Wastewater","authors":"Dan Wu, Ying-jun Hu, Yingzu Liu","doi":"10.3844/ajbbsp.2022.23.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2022.23.32","url":null,"abstract":": Water pollution is a major problem all over the world, the detection techniques of water play an important role in the evaluation of water pollution. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is an important index for the evaluation of water pollution. The paper reviews the detection methods of chemical oxygen demand in wastewater, introduces the standard of chemical oxygen demand emission limit in different countries, the traditional detection methods and their optimization, and the new detection techniques which include chemiluminescence, spectrometry, electrode, microbial fuel cells, silver nanoparticles sensor and so on. It’s important to establish a new environmentally friendly chemical oxygen demand detection method with safe and high efficiency in the further. Graphical Abstract:","PeriodicalId":7412,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79289599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameter Measurement and Calibration in Discrete Element Simulation of Broken Sweet Potato Seedlings","authors":"Gui-Cai Mu, Xieteng Qi, W. Zhang, Zhaoqin Lv, Tingting Zhang, Shuwen Wang","doi":"10.3844/AJBBSP.2021.256.266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJBBSP.2021.256.266","url":null,"abstract":"Corresponding Author: Zhaoqin Lv College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China E-mail: lzqsdau2020@163.com Abstract: Given the lack of accurate parameter values in discrete element simulation of sweet potato seedling mechanized recovery, a direct measurement and virtual calibration method was used to study the Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulation parameters of broken sweet potato stems and leaves. The intrinsic parameters, collision recovery coefficient and static friction coefficient of broken seedlings were acquired by physical experiments. Different parameter combinations were designed for DEM simulation. The intrinsic parameters of sweet potato leaves and other unmeasurable DEM simulation parameters were determined by stacking angle optimization simulation. Plackett-Burman test shows that the static friction coefficients of stem-stem and stem-steel and the rolling friction coefficients of stem-stem and stem-leaf all significantly influence the accumulation angle. The parameters that significantly influence the stacking angle of broken seedlings were sent to steepest ascent test and Box-Behnken test. The average stacking angle of 40.51° and the relative error of 0.972% indicate it feasible to calibrate DEM parameters by physical test and optimization simulation and the calibrated parameters can be used in DEM simulation of broken sweet potato stems and leaves.","PeriodicalId":7412,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"68 1","pages":"256-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88081886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Constituents and Bacteriostatic Activity of Essential Oil Extracted from Sea Buckthorn Seeds by Different Methods","authors":"Hepeng Zhao, F. Zhao, Q. Xiao, Xiudong Yang, Hongli Zhou","doi":"10.3844/AJBBSP.2021.248.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJBBSP.2021.248.255","url":null,"abstract":"These authors are joint first authors Abstract: Sea buckthorn is a homologous plant listed in Chinese pharmacopoeia. The Essential Oils (EOs) of Sea Buckthorn Seeds (SBTS) are widely used in medicine and health products in China, Russia and other countries. The extraction methods of SBTS with advantages of low cost, high yield and high activity have attracted considerable attention. In this study, the extraction rate, chemical compositions and antibacterial activity of EOs from SBTS from Jilin Province extracted by Hydrodistillation (HD), Microwave-Assisted HD (MAHD) and Enzyme-Assisted HD (EAHD) were compared, so as to provide references for the preparation and application of EOs from SBTS. The results showed that the extraction rates of EOs from SBTS were (0.457±0.062%) when extracted by EAHD. The extraction rate of EAHD was significantly higher, with values reaching 2.3 and 1.4 times that of HD and MAHD, respectively. A total of 18,26 and 26 volatile compounds were identified by Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis. The three EOs were mainly composed of acid, ester and alkane and the acid component accounted for more than 50% of total, with the highest acid proportion occupied by HD (63%). The minimum inhibitory concentration of the EOs from SBTS extracted by HD, MAHD and EAHD against Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus and Staphylococcus aureus was determined simultaneously. The minimum inhibitory concentration of EOs from SBTS extracted by HD against Bacillus subtilis was 0.78 mg/mL, which is better than EOs extracted by MAHD and EAHD and consistent with the positive control. The minimum inhibitory concentration of EOs extracted by the three extraction methods to Bacillus pumilus was 1.56 mg/mL, which was lower than the positive control. The minimum inhibitory concentration of EOs from SBTS against Staphylococcus aureus was 3.12 mg/mL, which was lower than that of the positive control but better than that of EOs extracted by MAHD and EAHD. Based on the experimental results, the different extraction methods have a great influence on the extraction rate, chemical composition and activity of EOs. Although the extraction rate of EOs from SBTS extracted by HD was lower, it had low cost, more active components and better activity. Thus, these EOs can be developed as a natural antibacterial agent in the future.","PeriodicalId":7412,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"40 1","pages":"248-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87237819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bionic Technology and Deep Learning in Agricultural Engineering: Current Status and Future Prospects","authors":"Chunlei Tu, Jinxia Li, Xingsong Wang, Shen Cheng, Jie Li","doi":"10.3844/AJBBSP.2021.217.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJBBSP.2021.217.231","url":null,"abstract":"School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China Special Equipment Safety Supervision Inspection Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210036, China Institute of Agricultural Remote Sensing and Information, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China","PeriodicalId":7412,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"19 1","pages":"217-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72686720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Risk Assessment of Coal-Ash-Amended Soil Based on Continuous Planting of Pakchoi","authors":"Sun Wenxuan, Bai Liyong, H. Ji, Wen-Can Huo, Zhen-Yu Huang, Kezhong Liu, Dongyun Yan","doi":"10.3844/AJBBSP.2021.192.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/AJBBSP.2021.192.204","url":null,"abstract":"Dongyun Yan College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China Email: yandongyun666@hotmail.com Abstract: The agricultural application of coal ash which contains a variety of chemical nutrients may also cause heavy metal pollution of crops and soil. In this study, pakchoi was cultivated for four consecutive seasons in pots of brown soil amended with fly ash or bottom ash. With subsequent plantings, the total concentrations in the four fractions of Pb, Cr and Cu decreased, while the concentrations of Pb, Cr and Zn dissolved in acetic acid increased. The lowest fresh weight of pakchoi were seen when 15% fly ash was applied. The edible parts of pakchoi contained more heavy metals than the roots. Calculating the Nemerow Pollution Index (NPI) according to the Environmental Protection Standards, the risk of heavy metals in coal ash-amended soils was low. With subsequent plantings, the Risk Assessment Code (RAC) of Pb, Cr and Zn increased gradually and Zn eventually reached a medium level. The study confirmed that coal ash had phytotoxic effects on pakchoi and application of coal ash confered a risk of soil pollution.","PeriodicalId":7412,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"192-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84916284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}