Alcohol and alcoholism最新文献

{"title":"The protection motivation theory as an explanatory model for intention to use alcohol protective behavioral strategies related to the manner of drinking among young adults.","authors":"Bella M González-Ponce, José Carmona-Márquez, Angelina Pilatti, Carmen Díaz-Batanero, Fermín Fernández-Calderón","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to prospectively examine the explanatory value of the protection motivation theory (PMT) for the intention to use manner of drinking protective behavioral strategies (MD PBS) and to explore its invariance across genders.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A targeted sampling procedure was used to recruit 339 young adults in the community (Mage = 21.1; SD = 2.21; female = 50.7%) who completed baseline and 2-month follow-up measures of the PMT constructs and intentions to use each of the five MD PBS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regression analyses revealed that the coping appraisal components (response efficacy and self-efficacy) had greater explanatory power for the intention to use MD PBS than the threat appraisal components (perceived vulnerability and perceived severity). Perceived vulnerability to alcohol consequences was not prospectively associated with any specific behavioral intention or with the total MD PBS score. In contrast, perceived severity was prospectively associated with the intention to use three out of five PBS and the total MD score. Regression coefficients revealed gender invariance for all six models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that interventions aimed at encouraging young adults to use alcohol MD PBS would be most effective if they included components that enhance self-efficacy in using these strategies and emphasize their perceived usefulness in reducing alcohol-related consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic binge alcohol mediated hepatic metabolic adaptations in SIV-infected female rhesus macaques.","authors":"Eden M Gallegos, Liz Simon, Patricia E Molina","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae060","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>As the interactions of alcohol and HIV/SIV infection and their impact on liver metabolic homeostasis remain to be fully elucidated, this study aimed to determine alcohol-mediated hepatic adaptations of metabolic pathways in SIV/ART-treated female rhesus macaques fed a nutritionally balanced diet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Macaques were administered chronic binge alcohol (CBA; 13-14 g ethanol/kg/week for 14.5 months; n = 7) or vehicle (VEH; n = 8) for 14.5 months. Livers were excised following an overnight fast. Gene and protein expression, enzymatic activity, and lipid content were determined using frozen tissue and histological staining was performed using paraffin-embedded tissue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CBA/SIV macaques showed increased hepatic protein expression of electron transport Complex III and increased gene expression of glycolytic (phosphofructokinase and aldolase) and gluconeogenic (pyruvate carboxylase) enzymes and of genes involved in lipid turnover homeostasis (perilipin 1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, carbohydrate responsive binding protein, and acetyl-CoA carboxylase B) as compared to that of livers from the VEH/SIV group. Plasma triglyceride concentration had a significant positive association with liver triglyceride content in the CBA/SIV group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results reflect CBA-associated alterations in expression of proteins and genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism homeostasis without significant evidence of steatosis or dysglycemia. Whether these changes predispose to greater liver pathology upon consumption of a high fat/high sugar diet that is more aligned with dietary intake of PWH and/or exposure to additional environmental factors warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11374886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142131598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involvement of the gut microbiome-brain axis in alcohol use disorder.","authors":"Sophie Leclercq","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae050","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human intestine is colonized by a variety of microorganisms that influence the immune system, the metabolic response, and the nervous system, with consequences for brain function and behavior. Unbalance in this microbial ecosystem has been shown to be associated with psychiatric disorders, and altered gut microbiome composition related to bacteria, viruses, and fungi has been well established in patients with alcohol use disorder. This review describes the gut microbiome-brain communication pathways, including the ones related to the vagus nerve, the inflammatory cytokines, and the gut-derived metabolites. Finally, the potential benefits of microbiota-based therapies for the management of alcohol use disorder, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141750871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AUDIT C compared to PEth in middle-aged volunteers.","authors":"Marie Fredriksson, Mårten Werner","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae048","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To compare Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT C) to phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in middle-aged randomly selected volunteers. Apply previously suggested lower cut-offs for PEth using moderate alcohol intake according to AUDIT C as a reference.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within the Swedish CardioPulmonary BioImage Study, 2255 middle-aged (50-64 years of age) volunteers in northern Sweden participated in comparing AUDIT C to PEth 16:0/18:1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a moderate correlation between PEth 16:0/18:1 and AUDIT C (r = 0.66). None of the participants with the AUDIT C-score 0 had a measurable PEth. Of moderate alcohol consumers, according to AUDIT C (AUDIT C 1-3 women, 1-4 men), 96% had a PEth below 0.3 μmol/L, 91% had a PEth below 0.16 μmol/L, and 84% had a PEth below 0.11 μmol/L. With PEth equivalent to excessive alcohol consumption (≥0.3 μmol/L), 26% had an AUDIT C-score below excessive alcohol consumption (<4 for women and <5 for men). Thirty percent of patients with a PEth ≥0.16 μmol/L had an AUDIT C-score below excessive alcohol consumption, and 37% had a PEth ≥0.11 μmol/L. We found no significant correlation between BMI and PEth or AUDIT C.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a significant correlation between AUDIT C and PEth. Using AUDIT C alone, 26% of high-consumers, according to PEth, are not found in our cohort, but an AUDIT C-score of 0 will exclude high consumption, according to PEth. Our findings support the current cut-off for PEth of 0.3 μmol/L, but a lower cut-off seems reasonable.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11265772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141750870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception is reality: qualitative insights into how consumers perceive alcohol warning labels.","authors":"Joya Kemper, Anna Rolleston, Kristen Matthews, Katie Garner, Bodo Lang, Yannan Jiang, Cliona Ni Mhurchu, Natalie Walker","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae053","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study explores perspectives of on-pack alcohol warning labels, and how they might influence alcohol purchase and/or consumption behavior to inform culturally appropriate label design for effective behavior change.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>New Zealand participants ≥18 years, who reported having purchased and consumed alcoholic beverages in the last month were recruited via a market research panel and grouped into 10 focus groups (n = 53) by ethnicity (general population, Māori, and Pacific peoples), age group, and level of alcohol consumption. Participants were shown six potential alcohol health warning labels, with design informed by relevant literature, label framework, and stakeholder feedback. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed via qualitative (directed) content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Effective alcohol labels should be prominent, featuring large red and/or black text with a red border, combining text with visuals, and words like \"WARNING\" in capitals. Labels should contrast with bottle color, be easily understood, and avoid excessive text and confusing imagery. Participants preferred specific health outcomes, such as heart disease and cancer, increasing message urgency and relevance. Anticipated behavior change included reduced drinking and increased awareness of harms, but some may attempt to mitigate warnings by covering or removing labels. Contextual factors, including consistent design and targeted labels for different beverages and populations, are crucial. There was a strong emphasis on collective health impacts, particularly among Māori and Pacific participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that implementing alcohol warning labels, combined with comprehensive strategies like retail and social marketing campaigns, could effectively inform and influence the behavior of New Zealand's varied drinkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11330865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141999269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of work hour alcohol use and associated factors among psychiatrists in China.","authors":"Licong Jiang, Elizabeth McCord, Huanzhong Liu, Yuanli Liu, Feng Jiang, Yi-Lang Tang","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae058","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Since 2012, work-hour alcohol use (WHAU) has been prohibited in China. However, there is a lack of national data on WHAU among healthcare workers, including psychiatrists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected data from psychiatrists in 41 tertiary psychiatric hospitals using an online questionnaire, which included demographics, work-related factors, WHAU, and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 2911 psychiatrists who completed the survey, 4.29% reported having heard (3.13%) or witnessed (1.17%) WHAU among colleagues, and .51% (95% CI: .26%-.78%) admitted to their own WHAU. Most participants (95.57%) reported awareness of the policy against WHAU. Poisson regression demonstrated the unawareness of WHAU policy (incidence-rate ratios [IRR] 11.08; 95% CI: 3.56-34.52; P < .001), lower income (IRR .87; 95% CI: .79-0.96; P = .008), and higher AUDIT-C scores (IRR 1.48; 95% CI: 1.22-1.80; P < .001) were significantly associated with WHAU occurrences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The survey indicates that WHAU among psychiatrists is more prevalent than expected, correlating with insufficient awareness of hospital policies. This suggests a need for targeted educational interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol pharmacotherapy dispensing trends in Australia between 2006 and 2023.","authors":"Ebony Quintrell, Amy Page, Caitlin Wyrwoll, Alexander Larcombe, David B Preen, Osvaldo Almeida, Christopher Etherton-Beer, Erin Kelty","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae063","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate acamprosate and naltrexone dispensing patterns in Australia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 10% representative sample of medications subsidized by the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) was used to identify individuals who were dispensed naltrexone or acamprosate between January 2006 and December 2023. Data were used to examine concurrent dispensing, medication switching and treatment episode length, as well as changes in prevalence and incidence over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study, we identified 22 745 individuals with a total of 117 548 dispensed prescriptions (45.3% naltrexone, 43.0% acamprosate, and 11.7% concurrent dispensing). Alcohol pharmacotherapy dispensing occurred in 1354 per 100 000 individuals. It is estimated that 2.9% of individuals with an alcohol use disorder in Australia are receiving a PBS-listed pharmacological treatment. For both pharmacotherapies, individuals were most likely to be male (60.0%) and 35-54 years of age (56.0%). Individuals were more likely to switch from acamprosate to naltrexone rather than the reverse. From 2006 and 2023, the number of prevalent individuals treated with an alcohol pharmacotherapy significantly increased, driven mainly the use of naltrexone, which more than doubled over the study period. Incident naltrexone-treated individuals were more likely to remain on treatment for the recommended minimum 3-month period compared to acamprosate treated individuals, although overall dispensing for at least 3 months was low (5.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Australia between 2006 and 2023, rates of naltrexone dispensing have substantially increased, while acamprosate dispensing showed minimal changes. However, the use of alcohol pharmacotherapies remains low compared with the likely prevalence of alcohol use disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11379491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142144937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Alcohol metabolism in alcohol use disorder: a potential therapeutic.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae064","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142124509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, sociodemographic, and clinical correlates of underweight in a sample of Chinese male alcohol-dependent patients.","authors":"Huanfen Li, Lifang Zhu, Jie Zhang, Jun Xue","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae033","DOIUrl":"10.1093/alcalc/agae033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Underweight is a significant symptom in alcohol-dependent patients, yet few studies have examined underweight in Chinese male patients. The current study aimed to identify the prevalence, sociodemographic, and clinical correlates of underweight in Chinese male patients with alcohol dependency.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 405 male inpatients with alcohol dependence and 383 healthy male controls were recruited. Participants' demographic and clinical data, including anthropometric data, were collected. We first conducted univariate analysis to identify seven variables with significant differences between groups: smoking behavior, hospitalization, alcohol consumption, cerebral infarction, hypertension, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) score, and Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptom (SANS) score. Then, binary logistic regression was used to assess their relationship with underweight, with a significance level of .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of underweight was significantly higher in the study population than in the control group (2.99% vs. 2.87%; P < .001). Patients with underweight had significantly higher rates of smoking behavior and cerebral infarction, as well as higher scores of SANS and HAMD than non-underweight patients. The non-underweight patients had higher daily alcohol consumption and times of hospitalization. Furthermore, logistic regression analysis showed that smoking behavior [odds ratio (OR) = 2.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03-7.80, P = .043)], cerebral infarction (OR = 5.20, 95% CI = 1.13-23.85, P = .036), SANS score (OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.16-1.28, P < .001), and HAMD score (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02-1.11, P = .005) were associated with underweight.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>More than 20% of male alcohol-dependent patients in a Chinese sample were underweight. Some demographic and clinical variables independent correlates for underweight in alcohol-dependent patients. We need to focus on alcohol-dependent patients with smoking, cerebral infarction, depression, and more prominent negative symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141074867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing research: a commentary on the untapped potential of acceptance and commitment therapy in alcohol use disorder treatment.","authors":"Nicolas Garel, Kimberly L Brodsky, Michael J Ostacher","doi":"10.1093/alcalc/agae042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alcohol use disorder poses a significant global health threat, with profound consequences for individuals, families, and communities, necessitating continued exploration of novel treatment approaches. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, an evidence-based approach for various mental health disorders, offers promise in addressing alcohol use disorder as well, but controlled trials are lacking, highlighting a crucial gap in research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7407,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and alcoholism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141465472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}