Life metabolism最新文献_第7页

Donut and spheroid mitochondria: eating, regenerating or trash them out? 甜甜圈和球形线粒体:吃掉、再生还是扔掉?

Life metabolism Pub Date : 2023-03-10 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load008

W. Ding, Han-Ming Shen

引用次数: 0

Hierarchical inhibition of mTORC1 by glucose starvation-triggered AXIN lysosomal translocation and by AMPK 葡萄糖饥饿触发的AXIN溶酶体易位和AMPK对mTORC1的分级抑制

Life metabolism Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load005

Mengqi Li, Xiaoyan Wei, Jinye Xiong, Jin-Wei Feng, Chen-Song Zhang, Sheng-Cai Lin

{"title":"Hierarchical inhibition of mTORC1 by glucose starvation-triggered AXIN lysosomal translocation and by AMPK","authors":"Mengqi Li, Xiaoyan Wei, Jinye Xiong, Jin-Wei Feng, Chen-Song Zhang, Sheng-Cai Lin","doi":"10.1093/lifemeta/load005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lifemeta/load005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 When glucose is replete, mTORC1 is active and anchored to the lysosomal surface via the two GTPases, RAG and Rheb, which are regulated by Ragulator and TSC2, respectively. When glucose is low, aldolase senses low fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and promotes the translocation of AXIN−LKB1 to the lysosomal surface, which leads to the activation of AMPK and the inhibition of RAGs, sundering mTORC1 from the lysosome and causing its inactivation. AMPK can also inactivate mTORC1 by phosphorylating Raptor and TSC2. However, the hierarchy of AXIN- and AMPK-mediated inhibition of mTORC1 remains poorly defined. Here, we show that AXIN translocation does not require AMPK expression or activity. In glucose starvation conditions, knockout of AXIN extended the half-life of mTORC1 inhibition from 15 min to 60 min, whereas knockout of AMPK only extended it to 30 min. RAGB GTP (constitutively active RAGB) almost entirely blocked the lysosomal dissociation and inhibition of mTORC1 under glucose starvation, but it did not inhibit AMPK, indicating that under these conditions it is AXIN lysosomal translocation that inhibits mTORC1, and it does so via inhibition of RAGs. AICAR, a mimetic of AMP, which activates both cytosolic AMPK and lysosomal AMPK, fully inhibited mTORC1 even when it is stably anchored to the lysosome by RAGB GTP, whereas glucose starvation mildly inhibited such anchored mTORC1. Together, we demonstrate that the lysosomal translocation of AXIN plays a primary role in glucose starvation-triggered inhibition of mTORC1 by inhibiting RAGs, and that AMPK activity inhibits mTORC1 through phosphorylating Raptor and TSC2, especially under severe stress.","PeriodicalId":74074,"journal":{"name":"Life metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41295836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Type 2 diabetes originated from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease 2型糖尿病源于非酒精性脂肪肝

Life metabolism Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load007

X. Xiong, Xiaoying Li

引用次数: 2

You are what you eat: feeding neurons in nutrient regulation of behavior 你吃什么就是什么:在行为的营养调节中喂养神经元

Life metabolism Pub Date : 2023-02-08 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load006

Jessie C Morrill, Qingchun Tong

引用次数: 0

Leucine deprivation results in antidepressant effects via GCN2 in AgRP neurons 亮氨酸剥夺通过GCN2在AgRP神经元中产生抗抑郁作用

Life metabolism Pub Date : 2023-02-04 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load004

Feixiang Yuan, Shangming Wu, Ziheng Zhou, Fuxin Jiao, Hanrui Yin, Yuguo Niu, Haizhou Jiang, Shanghai Chen, F. Guo

{"title":"Leucine deprivation results in antidepressant effects via GCN2 in AgRP neurons","authors":"Feixiang Yuan, Shangming Wu, Ziheng Zhou, Fuxin Jiao, Hanrui Yin, Yuguo Niu, Haizhou Jiang, Shanghai Chen, F. Guo","doi":"10.1093/lifemeta/load004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lifemeta/load004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Essential amino acids (EAAs) are crucial nutrients, whose levels change in rodents and patients with depression. However, how the levels of a single EAA affects depressive behaviors remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that although deprivation of the EAA leucine has no effect in unstressed mice, it remarkably reverses the depression-like behaviors induced by chronic restraint stress (CRS). This beneficial effect is independent of feeding and is applicable to the dietary deficiency of other EAAs. Furthermore, the effect of leucine deprivation is suppressed by central injection of leucine or mimicked by central injection of leucinol. Moreover, hypothalamic agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neural activity changes during CRS and leucine deprivation, and chemogenetically inhibiting AgRP neurons eliminates the antidepressant effects of leucine deprivation. Finally, the leucine deprivation-regulated behavioral effects are mediated by amino acid sensor general control non-derepressible 2 (GCN2) in AgRP neurons. Taken together, our results suggest a new drug target and/or dietary intervention for the reduction of depressive symptoms.","PeriodicalId":74074,"journal":{"name":"Life metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47134845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Inter-tissue communication of mitochondrial stress and metabolic health. 线粒体应激与代谢健康的组织间通讯。

Life metabolism Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load001

Hanlin Zhang, Xinyu Li, Wudi Fan, Sentibel Pandovski, Ye Tian, Andrew Dillin

引用次数: 2

Metabolism along the life journey of T cells. 代谢沿着T细胞的生命之旅。

Life metabolism Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load002

Min Peng, Ming O Li

引用次数: 1

Adipose triglyceride lipase: the first transacylase for FAHFAs. 脂肪甘油三酯脂肪酶：第一种反式脂肪酸酶。

Life metabolism Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-12 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/loac016

Juan Wang, Guosheng Liang, Tong-Jin Zhao

引用次数: 0

Nonvesicular trafficking of cholesterol by aster proteins 紫菀蛋白对胆固醇的非囊性运输

Life metabolism Pub Date : 2023-01-18 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/load003

Dougall M. Norris, Y. Aw, Hongyuan Yang

引用次数: 0

The metabolic adaptation in wild vertebrates via omics approaches 通过组学方法研究野生脊椎动物的代谢适应

Life metabolism Pub Date : 2022-12-28 DOI: 10.1093/lifemeta/loac040

Xin Du, Yisi Hu, Guangping Huang, Fuwen Wei

{"title":"The metabolic adaptation in wild vertebrates via omics approaches","authors":"Xin Du, Yisi Hu, Guangping Huang, Fuwen Wei","doi":"10.1093/lifemeta/loac040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/lifemeta/loac040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Metabolism is the basis for sustaining life and essential to the adaptive evolution of organisms. With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, genetic mechanisms of adaptive evolution, including metabolic adaptation, have been extensively resolved by omics approaches, but a deep understanding of genetic and epigenetic metabolic adaptation is still lacking. Exploring metabolic adaptations from genetic and epigenetic perspectives in wild vertebrates is vital to understanding species evolution, especially for the early stages of adaptative evolution. Herein, we summarize the advances in our understanding of metabolic adaptations via omics approaches in wild vertebrates based on three types of cases: extreme environment, periodically changing environment, and changes of species characteristics. We conclude that the understanding of the formation of metabolic adaptations at the genetic level alone can well identify the adaptive genetic variation that has developed during evolution, but cannot resolve the potential impact of metabolic adaptations on the adaptative evolution in the future. Thus, it seems imperative to include epigenomics and metabolomics in the study of adaptation, and that in the future genomic and epigenetic data should be integrated to understand the formation of metabolic adaptation of wild vertebrate organisms.","PeriodicalId":74074,"journal":{"name":"Life metabolism","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47693511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1