Korean journal of clinical oncology最新文献

{"title":"Prognostic significance of tumor budding in endometrial cancer: clinicopathological insights.","authors":"Ashi Dubey, Sana Ahuja, Sufian Zaheer","doi":"10.14216/kjco.24306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14216/kjco.24306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Endometrial cancer is one of the most common gynecological cancers worldwide, with rising incidence rates. Despite therapeutic advances, it remains a significant cause of cancer-related deaths. Tumor budding (TB), characterized by single cells or small clusters at the invasive tumor front, is a recognized prognostic marker in several cancers but is less studied in endometrial cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 30 patients with endometrial cancer who underwent surgical resection from January 2022 to June 2023. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were reviewed by two blinded pathologists. TB at the invasive front was assessed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Clinical and pathological parameters, including age, histological type, grade, stage, myometrial invasion, lymphovascular space invasion, and nodal involvement, were recorded. Fisher's exact and chi-square tests were used for statistical analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most patients (60%) were aged 51-60 years, with 93.3% diagnosed with endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Tumors were graded as 40% grade 1, 43.3% grade 2, and 16.7% grade 3. Staging showed 36.7% FIGO IA, 36.7% IB, 16.7% II, and 10% III. TB was classified as low (70%), intermediate (23.3%), and high (6.7%). Higher TB levels were significantly associated with higher tumor grade (P=0.03), advanced stage (P=0.02), and nodal involvement (P=0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TB correlates with adverse features in endometrial cancer, including higher grade, advanced stage, and nodal involvement. These findings underscore TB's potential as a prognostic marker, warranting validation in larger studies and exploration of its molecular basis to guide personalized treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":74045,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of clinical oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143559744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolution of cancer immunotherapy: a comprehensive review of its history and current perspectives.","authors":"Sana Ahuja, Sufian Zaheer","doi":"10.14216/kjco.24009","DOIUrl":"10.14216/kjco.24009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer immunotherapy uses the body's immune system to combat cancer, marking a significant advancement in treatment. This review traces its evolution from the late 19th century to its current status. It began with William Coley's pioneering work using bacterial toxins to stimulate the immune system against cancer cells, establishing the foundational concept of immunotherapy. In the mid-20th century, cytokine therapies like interferons and interleukins emerged, demonstrating that altering the immune response could reduce tumors and highlighting the complex interplay between cancer and the immune system. The discovery of immune checkpoints, regulatory pathways that prevent autoimmunity but are exploited by cancer cells to evade detection, was a pivotal development. Another major breakthrough is CAR-T cell therapy, which involves modifying a patient's T cells to target cancer-specific antigens. This personalized treatment has shown remarkable success in certain blood cancers. Additionally, cancer vaccines aim to trigger immune responses against tumor-specific or associated antigens, and while challenging, ongoing research is improving their efficacy. The historical progression of cancer immunotherapy, from Coley's toxins to modern innovations like checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cell therapy, underscores its transformative impact on cancer treatment. As research delves deeper into the immune system's complexities, immunotherapy is poised to become even more crucial in oncology, offering renewed hope to patients globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":74045,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 2","pages":"51-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and cancer: reflections 2 years into the pandemic.","authors":"Kamal Saba, Manisha Dhawaria, Aamir Javed","doi":"10.14216/kjco.24008","DOIUrl":"10.14216/kjco.24008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic, which emerged in the light of day toward the end of 2019, has changed almost every field of health care basically, and oncology is no exception. After reflecting on events of the past 2 years, it becomes evident that while the pandemic has put several difficulties in the way of cancer diagnosis, treatment, and research, it has also brought about a few positive changes and once again highlighted how strong the global cancer care community is.</p>","PeriodicalId":74045,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 2","pages":"47-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The unseen spread-Schnitzler's metastasis unveiled: a case report.","authors":"Jeya Anand Ayyamperumal, Maravadi Jayaraman Chandrabose Ambedkar, Anand Lakshmanan, Jeswanth Satyanesan","doi":"10.14216/kjco.24013","DOIUrl":"10.14216/kjco.24013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metastasis to the rectum is very rare and is usually caused by primaries from the breast, gastrointestinal tract, and genitourinary system. We report here a case of acute intestinal obstruction caused by an unusual rectal stenosis, for which he underwent a diversion stoma. On extensive evaluation for the etiology of the rectal stenosis, he was diagnosed with diffuse gastric cancer with Schnitzler's metastasis to the rectal submucosa. This is an unusual type of metastasis, very rarely seen. Only 11 such cases have been reported in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":74045,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 2","pages":"88-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term tumor suppression in cholangiocarcinoma using cytokine-induced killer cell therapy and high-dose vitamin C: a case report.","authors":"Kangseok Kim, Hyunhye Wang, Jiewon Lee, Changhwan Yeom","doi":"10.14216/kjco.24012","DOIUrl":"10.14216/kjco.24012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case study explores the effectiveness of autologous cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cell-based immunotherapy in a 49-year-old male patient with inoperable stage IIIb cholangiocarcinoma, characterized by high levels of the sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter-2 (SVCT2) in immune cells. Despite an initial lack of tumor reduction following chemotherapy, the patient showed a significant decrease in tumor markers and stabilization of the tumor after undergoing radiation and proton therapy. Subsequently, CIK cell therapy, combined with high-dose vitamin C, was administered 52 times over 6 years. The patient's tumor size reduced, and no cancer activity was detected for 7 years and 10 months post-diagnosis, indicating a successful long-term outcome without recurrence. This study suggests that CIK cell therapy, particularly in patients with elevated SVCT2 levels, may offer a promising adjuvant treatment for cholangiocarcinoma and potentially other cancers. Further research is needed to validate SVCT2 as a biomarker for the effectiveness of CIK cell therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74045,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 2","pages":"84-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the clinicopathological parameters of HER2 low breast cancers: insights from a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Sana Ahuja, Adil Aziz Khan, Kiruthikasri G, Sufian Zaheer","doi":"10.14216/kjco.24011","DOIUrl":"10.14216/kjco.24011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Breast cancer subtypes are delineated by human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression, pivotal in treatment selection. HER2-positive tumors typically respond to targeted therapies, whereas HER2-negative tumors lack HER2 overexpression. However, a subset exhibits low HER2 expression without amplification, termed HER2 low breast cancer. Despite being distinct, its clinicopathological characteristics and therapeutic implications remain less understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted on histologically confirmed breast cancer cases from January 2022 to December 2023. Clinicopathological data including age, tumor size, nodal involvement, and hormone receptor status were collected. Immunohistochemistry categorized tumors into luminal, triple-negative, and HER2-enriched subtypes. HER2 expression was re-evaluated, classifying tumors into HER2 low and HER2-negative based on staining intensity and amplification status. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy female patients with breast cancer were included, exhibiting diverse clinicopathological features. HER2 low tumors (40%) were significantly associated with higher tumor stage (P=0.03), nodal involvement (P=0.01), and positive androgen receptor expression (P=0.01). Subgroup analysis revealed HER2 low hormone receptor-positive cases (78.6%) were associated with higher tumor stage (P=0.01) and nodal involvement (P=0.01), while HER2 low triple-negative cases (21.4%) demonstrated distinct characteristics such as higher histological grade (P=0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the complexity of HER2 low breast cancer and its implications for clinical management, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment strategies. It provides insights into the clinicopathological parameters of HER2 low breast cancers, highlighting their diverse characteristics and clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":74045,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 2","pages":"79-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes with clinicopathological parameters in endometrial cancer.","authors":"Sana Ahuja, Ashi Dubey, Sufian Zaheer","doi":"10.14216/kjco.24010","DOIUrl":"10.14216/kjco.24010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Endometrial cancer (EC) ranks as one of the most prevalent gynecological malignancies globally. The presence and role of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the tumor microenvironment have garnered interest due to their prognostic and therapeutic potential. This study aimed to evaluate the association between stromal TILs and various clinicopathological parameters in EC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study was conducted which included 30 histologically confirmed cases of endometrial carcinoma. Specimens collected from January 2023 to June 2024 were processed for routine histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry for CD3 and CD20 markers. TILs were quantified as per the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group guidelines and categorized into low (<20%) and high (≥20%) TILs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study comprised 30 female patients, predominantly aged 51 to 60 years. Most tumors were of the endometrioid subtype (93.3%). High TILs were significantly associated with early tumor stage, lower grade, lesser myometrial invasion, and absence of nodal involvement on univariate analysis and with lower tumor stage and grade on multivariate analysis. No significant association was found between TILs and age, lymphovascular, or perineural invasion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that high TIL infiltration correlates with favorable tumor characteristics, potentially serving as a prognostic marker for early and less aggressive EC. High TILs were associated with better tumor stage, grade, and reduced nodal involvement, indicating their protective role in tumor progression. However, the lack of association with certain parameters calls for further investigation into the functional state of TILs and their interactions within the tumor microenvironment.</p>","PeriodicalId":74045,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 2","pages":"74-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11717582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical course of pancreas cancer diagnosed after spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy with borderline lesion: two case reports.","authors":"Byeong Gwan Noh, Hyung Il Seo, Young Mok Park","doi":"10.14216/kjco.24006","DOIUrl":"10.14216/kjco.24006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy is considered the standard operation for pancreas tail and body cancer. However, splenectomy may be option for benign or low-grade malignant tumors including mucinous cystadenoma and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm. If spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SPDP) with borderline lesion is performed and pancreas cancer is diagnosed on postoperative pathologic finding, if it is R0 resection, the necessity of additional splenectomy remains questionable. The authors would like report two clinical cases diagnosed as pancreatic cancer on postoperative pathology after SPDP and under observation without additional splenectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74045,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 1","pages":"36-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11261176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of human peritoneal surface area using artificial intelligence software in abdominal computed tomography.","authors":"Seung Joon Choi, Ji-Hyeon Park, Youngbae Jeon, Donghyuk Lee, Jeong-Heum Baek","doi":"10.14216/kjco.24002","DOIUrl":"10.14216/kjco.24002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The calculation of the intraperitoneal organ surface area is important for understanding their anatomical structure and for conducting basic and clinical studies on diseases related to the peritoneum. To measure the intraperitoneal surface area in a living body by applying artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to the abdominal cavity using computed tomography and to prepare clinical indicators for application to the abdominal cavity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Computed tomography images of ten adult males and females with a healthy body mass index and ten adults diagnosed with colon cancer were analyzed to determine the peritoneal and intraperitoneal surface areas of the organs. The peritoneal surface was segmented and three-dimensionally modeled using AI medical imaging software. In addition to manual work, three-dimensional editing, filtering, and connectivity checks were performed to improve work efficiency and accuracy. The colon and small intestine surface areas were calculated using the mean length and diameter. The abdominal cavity surface area was defined as the sum of the intraperitoneal area and the surface areas of each organ.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean peritoneal surface area of all participants was measured as 10,039 ± 241 cm2 (males 10,224 ± 171 cm2 and females 9,854 ± 134 cm2). Males had a 3.7% larger peritoneal surface area than females, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The abdominal cavity surface area can be measured using AI techniques and is expected to be used as basic data for clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":74045,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 1","pages":"6-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11261175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pancreatoduodenectomy with colon-last approach for advanced pancreatic head cancer.","authors":"Ji Su Kim, Chang Moo Kang","doi":"10.14216/kjco.24003","DOIUrl":"10.14216/kjco.24003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Margin-negative surgery is very important in surgical oncology. Considering margin-negative pancreatectomy is known to be essential for cure of the pancreatic cancer, pancreatoduodenectomy with combined venous vascular or arterial resection can be a potential option for margin-negative resection, especially, in era of neoadjuvant treatment with potent systemic chemotherapy. To the contrary, special attention was not paid on combined colonic resection during PD. In this article, safe surgical technique for PD with combined colonic resection is introduced, under the name of PD with \"colon-last\" approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>At Severance Hospital (Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea), between 2014 and 2021, a total of six patients underwent PD with \"colon-last\" approach. The surgical technique and surgical outcome are reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients recovered without major complications (Clavien-Dindo classification grade ≥ III) after surgery, and most of them recovered after conservative treatment with postoperative pancreatic fistula biochemical leak. None of the patients were readmitted. Only the first and second cases represent cancer-related mortality, and the other patients are still alive and are being followed up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is hoped that the present technique, PD with colon-last approach, could be helpful enhance the procedural safety in treating advanced cancer requiring PD with combined colon resection. However, its technical safety and oncologic role should be validated by many pancreatic surgeons' collaborative studies in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":74045,"journal":{"name":"Korean journal of clinical oncology","volume":"20 1","pages":"13-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11261178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}