JSAMS plus最新文献

{"title":"Recommendations to improve ski area safety with obstacle padding","authors":"Marine Dorsemaine , Irving S. Scher , Tom Allen , Catherine Masson , Lenka L. Stepan , Pierre-Jean Arnoux","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49903538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The EMG, NIRS, and RPE responses to two turn transition techniques in alpine skiing","authors":"John G. Seifert ,&nbsp;Ronald W. Kipp ,&nbsp;Shannon Griffin ,&nbsp;David Graham","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Two techniques facilitate the transition in an alpine ski turn, extension (EXT) and flexion (FLEX). The purpose of this study is to compare NIRS, EMG, and RPE responses between EXT and FLEX in expert level skiers.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>24 Professional Ski Instructors of America Level III alpine ski instructors, examiners, and National Demonstration Team members completed one standardized run each of EXT and FLEX. A turn cycle, made of a right and left turn, was divided into four Phases.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>NIRS assessed HbO2 desaturation in the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL). EMG was collected from the RF, VL, and gluteus medius (GM). Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE, 0–10) assessed subjective exertion.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>FLEX resulted in greater HbO2 desaturation in RF (−77.9 ​± ​21% vs. −67.5 ​± ​23%, p ​&lt; ​0.001), VL (−69.8 ​± ​23.1% vs. −61.1 ​± ​24.6%, p ​&lt; ​0.001) and RPE (6.0 ​± ​2.3 vs. 5.2 ​± ​2.0, p ​&lt; ​0.001) compared to EXT. FLEX generally resulted in greater EMG activity in the steering and transition phases for RF and VL (p ​&lt; ​0.001) while EXT resulted in greater activity GM on the inside leg.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Caution should be exercised with recreational skiers as the FLEX transition resulted in significantly greater physiological stress compared to EXT. Localized hypoxia appears to be the focal point of this stress as HbO₂ desaturation was ∼15% greater along with 15% greater RPE during FLEX. FLEX also produced greater EMG activity than EXT in the majority of the turn phases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49903541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design parameters and landing impacts of snow park jumps in Switzerland","authors":"Fabian Wolfsperger ,&nbsp;Benedikt Heer ,&nbsp;Alex Hüsler ,&nbsp;Björn Bruhin ,&nbsp;Mara Gander","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Design parameters and landing impacts for selected snow park jumps in Switzerland were compared with the parameters recommended to increase the jumps’ safety by the Swiss Council for Accident Prevention (BFU). High impact zones were identified to help snow park shapers optimize the design of their jumps. A rough estimate of the influence of snow hardness on landing impacts was also provided.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>During the 2020/2021 winter season three-dimensional geometries of 23 jumps were captured using differential global navigation satellite system and terrestrial laser scanning. A point mass model was used to numerically calculate trajectories. The equivalent fall height (eFH) was used to quantify landing impacts and an empiric snow-deformation function was applied to take the effect of snow hardness into consideration. Workshops were held to discuss results and transfer findings.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>2D-profiles of the jumps were estimated by projecting the captured 3D position data onto the longitudinal cross-section plane. Table and landing geometry were smoothed and interpolated to a spatial resolution of 0.1 ​m, while the kicker was fitted with a 2nd order polynomial. Trajectories were numerically calculated for take-off speeds from 6 to 17.6 ​m ​s⁻¹ including aerodynamic forces using the Runge-Kutta method. The calculated eFH at the landing points were used to divide the landing into low-impact, medium-impact, and high-impact zones.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Medium sized jumps had a low-impact zone of sufficient length (&gt;6 ​m) and eFH smaller than 1.5 ​m throughout the entire table meeting the BFU recommendations. Nevertheless, critical eFH larger than 1.5 ​m, were obtained when take-off speeds increased by only 1.14 ​m ​s⁻¹. Large jumps had low-impact zone lengths in accord with the recommendations (&gt;9 ​m), but high eFH (2.3–3.4 ​m) occurred for table landings. 10 of the 13 XL-jumps had long low-impact zones of approximately 12–15 ​m. Besides the risk of high impact landings towards the end of the landing area, as found similarly for the smaller jumps, portions of XL-jumps had very high eFH (2.6–4.6 ​m) for table landings.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The study confirmed the existing BFU recommendations of size categories, design parameters and landing impacts limits as prevalent and practicable and provided knowledge for future safety recommendations. Modifying table geometries and taking measures to limit the in-run speeds would help reduce landing impacts, and the hazard due to hard snow conditions should also be considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772696723000261/pdfft?md5=b5ee58a4fa1bee9ea1a87ffbe2cce016&pid=1-s2.0-S2772696723000261-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138501600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disordered eating in elite youth athletes: A scoping review of studies published since 2000","authors":"Maxwell Marrows ,&nbsp;Hilary Grover ,&nbsp;Georgina Buckley ,&nbsp;Nikki A. Jeacocke ,&nbsp;Courtney C. Walton","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The purpose of this scoping review was to explore what is known about eating disorders and disordered eating in elite youth athletes aged 12–18. This review intended to explore what is known about the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of these conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Scoping Review.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A scoping review was conducted following the Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) methodology. Six key databases were searched to identify articles for inclusion: PsycInfo, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Data was subsequently extracted and summarised in line with the research questions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 21 studies were found that met inclusion criteria. The included studies overwhelmingly focused on girls, European populations, and used a cross-sectional quantitative study design. Where clinical interview was used, there were higher rates of eating disorders among elite youth athletes compared to the general youth population. The most cited risk factors included female gender, leanness sports, and those with higher body mass index. Eating disorders and disordered eating were found to be associated with higher rates of depression and anxiety but there was limited investigation of other associated outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Findings from this review suggest that elite youth athletes are at risk of eating disorders and disordered eating. However, significant limitations in the field exist and further research is needed using clinical interview and population specific screening tools to better understand the prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of disordered eating and eating disorders to support this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772696723000212/pdfft?md5=a32cf0024412073f006c89ff7f2f8e4a&pid=1-s2.0-S2772696723000212-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91986946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helmet use in skiing and snowboarding in Switzerland during the past 20 years","authors":"S. Niemann,&nbsp;F. Bürgi,&nbsp;O. Brügger","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49876123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Futsal injuries: A 7-season incidence and characteristics","authors":"Keiichi Yoshida ,&nbsp;Tomohiko Tateishi ,&nbsp;Yusuke Morimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49876551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of limb surrogate surface compliance on the impact response of wrist protectors","authors":"Gemma E. Leslie ,&nbsp;Keith Winwood ,&nbsp;Weizhuo Wang ,&nbsp;Nick Hamilton ,&nbsp;Tom Allen","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49876124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between postural orientation errors in patients undergoing rehabilitation for ACL reconstruction and future patient-reported outcomes: An explorative study","authors":"Anna Cronström ,&nbsp;Eva Ageberg ,&nbsp;Erika Zeraidi ,&nbsp;Julia Larsson ,&nbsp;Jenny Nae","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate associations between postural orientation errors (POEs) in patients undergoing rehabilitation for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) at 2-year follow-up.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Prospective cohort study.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Fifty-three participants (mean (SD) 27 (6.5) years, 24 women), (mean (range) 7 (4–10) months post ACLR) were included. At baseline, all participants were visually assessed for POEs using a validated test battery. The POE subscales Activities of Daily Living and Sport were used in the analysis. At 2-years, the following PROMs were collected: Global knee function, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, ACL Quality of Life (QoL), Knee Self-Efficacy Scale (K-SES), and ACL Return-to-Sport after Injury scale.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Twenty-one participants answered the questionnaires at 2 years (7 women and 14 men). Worse baseline POE Sport was associated with worse scores on K-SES (r_s ​= ​–0.435, p ​≤ ​0.049) and ACL-QoL (r_s ​= ​−0.467 to −0.576, p ​≤ ​0.038) at follow-up. No statistically significant associations were observed between POEs and the other PROMs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Postural orientation during the rehabilitation phase may be important for future knee self-efficacy and knee-related QoL after ACLR. Given the small population and low response rate, this result needs to be confirmed in future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49876127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Padding performance according to impact conditions and cycle of use in ski areas","authors":"Marine Dorsemaine ,&nbsp;Catherine Masson ,&nbsp;Serge Riveill ,&nbsp;Pierre-Jean Arnoux","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Collisions with obstacles are among the most severe accidents recorded in ski areas. In France, the padding placed on these obstacles conforms to a design standard to assess its ability to dissipate energy when impacted by a skier/snowboarder. Padding performance, i.e. its ability to prevent or mitigate injuries and the changes in performance over time remain poorly understood. Considering the global objective to explore the padding's ability to protect from injuries during its cycle of use, a large experimental campaign was designed to investigate various padding performance.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Experimental drop tests were performed on padding in ski areas using instrumented head and trunk impactors.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The influences of the padding's properties (thickness, age, impact location, cover), environment (temperature, position on the obstacle) and impact conditions (speed, impactor) on head and chest accelerations were investigated. 180 drop tests were performed on 40 padding samples (with thicknesses ranging from 10 ​cm to 30 ​cm) with ages varying from 0 to 17 years old.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study showed a significant influence of speed, impactor and the padding's thickness (<em>P</em> ​&lt; ​0.001) and also position. However, temperature, aging, impact location and cover type did not have a clear influence on impact accelerations for these impact conditions.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study is an innovative step towards a better understanding of ski padding performance and behavior. These results provide quantitative information for the development of best practices aiming at ski areas increasing safety on their slopes. They also highlight challenges and perspectives for the design of future padding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49876131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of selected exercise training modalities in the management of PCOS: A systematic review and meta-analysis to inform evidence-based guidelines","authors":"Giorgia E. Colombo ,&nbsp;Xela Dafauce Bouzo ,&nbsp;Rhiannon K. Patten ,&nbsp;Aya Mousa ,&nbsp;Chau Thien Tay ,&nbsp;Loyal Pattuwage ,&nbsp;Helena J. Teede ,&nbsp;Leanne M. Redman ,&nbsp;Angelica Lindén Hirschberg ,&nbsp;Angelo Sabag","doi":"10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsampl.2023.100024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74029,"journal":{"name":"JSAMS plus","volume":"2 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49903536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}