Polymer Science, Series C最新文献

{"title":"Conformation Scaling Regimes of Macromolecules As a Function of Distribution of Associating Side Chains: Experimental Data Analysis and Computer Study","authors":"A. A. Glagoleva,&nbsp;A. A. Gosteva,&nbsp;G. M. Pavlov,&nbsp;V. V. Vasilevskaya","doi":"10.1134/S181123822560034X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S181123822560034X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The work studies self-association behavior of comb-like macromolecules with hydrophobic side chains depending on the distribution of the side chains grafting points, molar mass and the length of side chains. It is shown that the distribution of the side chains grafting points determines the morphology of the globules: sufficiently long macromolecules with a regular grafting points distribution form multidomain globules, while the globules of those with random distribution have elongated or necklace-like morphology. The change in the shape of the globule as the length of the macromolecule increases is reflected by the exponent in the scaling dependencies of the macromolecule sizes on its degree of polymerization. While for short chains this exponent corresponds to the generally accepted 1/3 for compact spherical particles, for long chains this exponent is close to that for elongated objects. Self-association shifts to the area of poor solvent with the decrease in side chains length. The indicator of these associative interactions is the Kraemer parameter. The conclusions of the study are based on the analysis of the experimental literature data, including the works by the authors, as well as novel, previously unpublished experiments and supported by molecular dynamics computer simulation. The experiment compares the hydrodynamic properties of random amphiphilic copolymers of <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>N</i>-vinylacetamide and <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>N</i>-vinylamine iodide (with different lengths of the hydrophobic side pendants (–C₁₂H₂₅, –C₁₀H₂₁, –C₈H₁₇, –C₆H₁₃)) and a homopolymer sodium polystyrene-4-sulfonate. Viscometric studies of copolymers of <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>N</i>-vinylacetamide and <i>N</i>-methyl-<i>N</i>-vinylamine iodide were carried out in a pure water, water-salt solvent NaCl of different quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":740,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series C","volume":"67 2","pages":"49 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"π-Conjugated Polymers: From Structure to Application in Organic Solar Cells","authors":"Dalila Khlaifia,&nbsp;Salwa Ahmed Said,&nbsp;Kamel Alimi","doi":"10.1134/S1811238225600338","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1811238225600338","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Due to their ability to combine exceptional electronic and optical properties such as tunable energy levels, high transmittance in the visible to near-infrared (NIR) region, high conductivity, and strong thermal and chemical stability, π-conjugated polymers and molecules have shown great promise as donor and acceptor materials in organic solar cells (OSCs). Indeed, the emergence of these materials offers a promising opportunity to develop high-performance OSCs with outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over than 20%. These excellent results are achieved through optimization of the active material design, the donor/acceptor interface and device engineering. In this regard, we present in this review a comprehensive summary of the properties of π-conjugated materials, including their electronic band structure and charge transfer mechanisms and their applications as donor and acceptor materials in OSCs. The different OSC architectures, operating principles and charge carrier transport mechanisms are reviewed. This review also highlights recent advances in the use of organic materials, including small molecular and polymeric donors, fullerene and non-fullerene acceptors in OSCs, to illustrate structure-performance correlations. Despite the unprecedented progress in increasing PCE of OSCs, commercialization and large-scale production of these cells remains a challenge due to the shortcomings in the stability of conjugated systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":740,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series C","volume":"67 1","pages":"33 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of the Ramp Deformation Stage and Structure Evolution on the Properties of Stress Relaxation Curves Produced by Nonlinear Models of Viscoelastic-Plastic Media","authors":"A. V. Khokhlov,&nbsp;V. V. Gulin","doi":"10.1134/S1811238226600047","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1811238226600047","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The systematic analytical study of the previously developed nonlinear constitutive equation (CE) for the shear flow of thixotropic viscoelastic-plastic media, which accounts for the interplay of deformation and structural evolution, is continued. For an arbitrary set of six material parameters and an increasing material function governing the model, the basic properties of families of stress relaxation curves (RCs) generated by the CE at instantaneous loading and under ramp loading (taking into account a rise time to a specified strain level), as well as relaxation modulus, structural evolution features and relaxation time under these loading conditions are analytically studied. The analysis focuses on the ramp RCs dependence on material parameters and function of the CE and on a rise time and strain level. The unusual (but observed in tests) properties of RCs arising as a result of structural changes, compared to typical RCs of structurally stable materials (test RCs and RCs generated by linear or nonlinear CEs), are studied. This includes the dependence of RCs and the relaxation modulus on strain level and rise time, as well as the emergence of new relaxation scenarios compared to those observed under step loading. It is proven that for any material parameters and CE function, all ramp RCs decrease with time and have the common zero asymptote. However, RC convexity and increase in RCs family with strain level may be broken due to sufficiently rapid structural changes. This behavior contrasts with experimental RCs for structurally stable materials and RC families generated by the Boltzmann-Volterra viscoelastic CE. The studied CE can describe both convex downward RCs and RCs with inflection points, as well as the growth of RCs and the relaxation modulus with strain level, including the non-monotonic dependence of relaxation curve families on strain level. The initial deformation stage (loading history) significantly affects expression of these effects and the evolution of the relaxation time of the model. It is shown that a high strain rate at the initial stage may induce too high stress in a material and rapid structure break, which will change the material properties drastically, accelerate stress relaxation phase and make RCs with different strain levels to intersect and intertwine. Conversely, a gradual and lasting strain increase to the target level can distort the expected RC properties if the material is structurally mobile and the initial structuredness is significantly less than the equilibrium value. At the initial stage, the material may have time to increase its structuredness (e.g., during processes like gelation or resin curing in composites or 3D printing of photopolymers), which leads to a slowdown of further stress relaxation. The article demonstrates all these effects, which are related to the influence of the initial loading stage, or nonlinearity, or the structural evolution. It explains the possible reasons for families o","PeriodicalId":740,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series C","volume":"67 2","pages":"68 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silk Fibroin-Based Materials for Tissue Engineering","authors":"M. P. Ryndyk,&nbsp;I. E. Nifant’ev,&nbsp;A. N. Tavtorkin,&nbsp;P. V. Ivchenko","doi":"10.1134/S1811238225600326","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1811238225600326","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, there has been a sustainable advancement of regenerative medicine, including the development of tissue-engineered constructs and their implementation in clinical practice. Current tissue engineering methods and approaches actively use biodegradable materials, among them of protein origin. Silk fibroin, which exhibits superior physicomechanical properties compared to other proteins, holds great high potential for use in this area. To enhance functionality and biocompatibility, silk fibroin can be modified with bioactive additives such as collagen, gelatin, hydroxyapatite, physiologically significant compounds, and drugs. This review addresses methods for the isolation and properties of silk fibroin, analyzes the characteristics of composites containing silk fibroin, and highlights the latest achievements and prospects for the application of silk fibroin-based materials in regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":740,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series C","volume":"67 1","pages":"1 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo- and pH-Sensitive Hybrid Hydrogels Based on Unsaturated Derivatives of Sodium Alginate and Diethylacrylamide","authors":"M. Yu. Gorshkova,&nbsp;L. V. Vanchugova,&nbsp;I. L. Valuev,&nbsp;I. V. Obydennova,&nbsp;I. F. Volkova,&nbsp;L. I. Valuev,&nbsp;M. P. Ryndyk","doi":"10.1134/S1811238225600065","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1811238225600065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The influence of the composition of hybrid hydrogels based on macromonomeric unsaturated derivative of sodium alginate and diethylacrylamide synthesized by radical copolymerization with redox initiation on their structure and properties was studied. It was shown that the introduction and an increase in the content of alginate macromonomer lead to significant changes in the supramolecular structure of the hydrogels and cause a decrease in their swelling degrees. At the content of the alginate component in the hydrogels above 10 wt %, in addition to the network structure of the synthetic polymer, denser alginate networks are formed which determine an increase in the volume transition temperature. In vitro experiments on lidocaine release from the hybrid hydrogels carried out under different conditions demonstrate that the drug release rate depends on medium pH and temperature. The data obtained are of interest for designing stimuli-sensitive drug carriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":740,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series C","volume":"66 2","pages":"174 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Hydrophilic Polymer Ligands for Stabilization of Surface of CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots","authors":"O. N. Karpov,&nbsp;O. A. Otmakhova,&nbsp;M. V. Grigor’eva,&nbsp;S. A. Legkov,&nbsp;G. N. Bondarenko,&nbsp;R. V. Tal’roze","doi":"10.1134/S1811238225600077","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1811238225600077","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper presents a method for obtaining hydrophilic CdSe/ZnS quantum dots by replacing the initial low-molecular organic stabilizing ligands on the surface of nanoparticles with polymeric ones. For this purpose, hydrophilic homo- and copolymer based on 2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate have been synthesized by the method of radical polymerization with reversible chain transfer (RAFT). Due to the presence of the terminal trithiocarbonate residue of the chain transfer agent (CTA) at the polymer chain, functional thio groups for the interaction with the surface of quantum dots have been obtained. For the possibility of further modification of hydrophilic quantum dots, polymer ligands have been additionally modified with <i>tert</i>-butyl acrylate units, which have been hydrolyzed into functional carboxyl groups. In this study, water-soluble CdSe/ZnS quantum dots have been obtained, coated with new polymer stabilizer ligands bearing several reactive carboxyl groups, which significantly expands the possibilities of application of hydrophilic nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":740,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series C","volume":"66 2","pages":"185 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nikolai Alfredovich Platé (to the 90th Birth Anniversary)","authors":"Editorial Board","doi":"10.1134/S1811238225600089","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1811238225600089","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":740,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series C","volume":"66 2","pages":"173 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyimides Based on Norbornane-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride","authors":"D. A. Chistyakova,&nbsp;A. Yu. Tsegelskaya,&nbsp;K. S. Sadovnikov,&nbsp;K. V. Potapov,&nbsp;A. A. Kuznetsov,&nbsp;M. V. Bermeshev","doi":"10.1134/S1811238225600053","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1811238225600053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The polycondensation of norbornane-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride with various diamines has been studied for the first time in order to synthesize new polyimides based on cycloaliphatic dianhydride. Norbornane-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (NBDA) has been synthesized from <i>cis</i>-5-norbornane-<i>exo</i>-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride. The possibility of obtaining polyimides based on norbornane-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride has been studied by carrying out synthesis under different conditions. Chloroform-soluble, film-forming polyimides based on norbornane-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride have been obtained by one-step catalytic polycyclocondensation of norbornane-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride with aromatic diamines in a benzoic acid melt. According to the second method, the polyimide based on norbornane-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride has been produced using a two-step procedure: low-temperature polycondensation of silylated cycloaliphatic diamine (<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>′-bis(trimethylsilyl)isophoronediamine) in an amide solvent to form a soluble prepolymer with its subsequent imidization in the solid phase. The heat treatment conditions have been optimized for the prepolymer, allowing the production of a polymer with a composition corresponding to the target polyimide. The obtained polymers have been characterized by IR spectrometry, ¹H NMR and solid-state ¹³C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and DSC and TGA techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":740,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series C","volume":"66 2","pages":"233 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Ammonia in Poly(propylene carbonate) Degradation under Accelerated Composting Conditions","authors":"E. V. Chernikova,&nbsp;E. S. Trofimchuk,&nbsp;V. V. Mironov,&nbsp;K. V. Efremova,&nbsp;A. V. Plutalova,&nbsp;E. A. Lysenko,&nbsp;A. F. Asachenko,&nbsp;S. A. Rzhevskiy,&nbsp;M. A. Topchiy,&nbsp;I. P. Beletskaya","doi":"10.1134/S1811238224600368","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1811238224600368","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Atactic polycarbonate with the content of carbonate units above 99% has been synthesized by the copolymerization of racemic propylene oxide and carbon dioxide mediated by the salen complex of cobalt and bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride. Its biodegradation under accelerated composting conditions has been studied. It has been shown that ammonia is the main abiotic degradant during the composting of poly(propylene carbonate). Polymer degradation proceeds at a low rate, is accompanied by a gradual decrease in molecular weight, and yields propylene glycol.</p>","PeriodicalId":740,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series C","volume":"66 2","pages":"246 - 259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalized Model for Predicting Gas Permeability of Glassy Polymers and Residual Neural Networks as a Tool for Its Improvement","authors":"D. A. Tsarev,&nbsp;V. E. Ryzhikh,&nbsp;N. A. Belov,&nbsp;A. Yu. Alent’ev","doi":"10.1134/S1811238225600041","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1811238225600041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study demonstrates new opportunities for improving the prediction of gas transport properties of glassy polymers based on their chemical structure using the Database of the Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences. A generalized linear model has been developed to predict permeability coefficients for any gas-polymer system based on structural descriptors of the polymer and gas properties, such as tabulated effective kinetic diameters of gas molecules and effective Lennard–Jones potential parameters. This model significantly expands the dataset available for predictions and the application of modern machine learning methods. The feasibility of using small residual neural networks to enhance the accuracy of linear model predictions is shown, and training such neural networks does not require significant computational resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":740,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Science, Series C","volume":"66 2","pages":"206 - 216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}