Journal of the National Cancer Center最新文献

{"title":"Accelerating the clinical translation of bioengineered anticancer therapeutics","authors":"Guo Zhao, Yale Jiang, Caie Wang, Shuhang Wang, Ning Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Center","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 323-328"},"PeriodicalIF":25.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148709960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent and widening geographic disparities in liver cancer mortality in China, 1987–2021: a 35-year analysis from a national perspective","authors":"Qianru Li,&nbsp;Siyi He,&nbsp;Mengdi Cao,&nbsp;Yi Teng,&nbsp;Nuopei Tan,&nbsp;Jiachen Wang,&nbsp;Yujie Wu,&nbsp;Tianyi Li,&nbsp;Yuanjie Zheng,&nbsp;Tingting Zuo,&nbsp;Changfa Xia,&nbsp;Wanqing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jncc.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jncc.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Although liver cancer mortality in China has declined overall, long-term trends in geographic and demographic disparities remain poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate temporal trends and evolving patterns in liver cancer mortality, focusing on subnational disparities and shifts in disease burden.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Mortality data were obtained from two sources: the World Health Organization (WHO) Mortality Database (1987–2000), which provided nationally representative vital registration data stratified by urban–rural residence; and the Chinese Disease Surveillance Points (DSP) system (2004–2021), a population-based sampling network that gradually expanded to 605 surveillance sites across all 31 provinces by 2013, with continuous stratification by urban–rural and eastern–central–western regions. To assess subnational disparities, we calculated the overall and subgroup-specific temporal trends and compared regional age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) with the national level as reference. Age-period-cohort (APC) model was applied to decompose age, period, and birth cohort effects. Poisson models were applied to estimate the period-specific rate ratios of mortality aligning with key phases.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Liver cancer mortality increased modestly until around 2004 and then declined overall through 2021 (average annual percentage change –1.09% [95% CI: –1.25%, –0.93%]), with more pronounced reductions in urban and eastern areas, and slower declines in rural and western areas. Eastern and central regions contributed over 80% of the overall national decline. Males consistently had higher mortality than females, with widening sex disparities observed in rural and western areas. Younger age groups experienced greater declines, while older adults showed slower reductions or even increasing trends. APC analysis showed increased mortality risk with age, while period and cohort effects showed marked improvements, particularly among younger individuals, females, and those in eastern urban areas. In contrast, declines were limited in older age groups and western rural populations. Regional disparities in mortality widened over time, with growing rural–urban and western–eastern gaps observed in recent years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Liver cancer mortality in China remains geographically and demographically unequal, with burden shifting towards western rural regions, and persistent disparities by sex and age. These findings highlight the urgent need for region-specific and population-targeted prevention strategies, particularly for older adults and underdeveloped regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Center","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 391-399"},"PeriodicalIF":25.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148710029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orelabrutinib, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and obinutuzumab (OFCG) for first-line treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a multicenter phase II trial (cwCLL-001 trial)","authors":"Yi Miao,&nbsp;Ming Liu,&nbsp;Shuchao Qin,&nbsp;Fei Li,&nbsp;Jin Zhang,&nbsp;Hongling Peng,&nbsp;Chunyan Ji,&nbsp;Luomengjia Dai,&nbsp;Ziyuan Zhou,&nbsp;Chongyang Ding,&nbsp;Zhen Wang,&nbsp;Yeqin Sha,&nbsp;Tonglu Qiu,&nbsp;Hanning Tang,&nbsp;Hui Jin,&nbsp;Lei Fan,&nbsp;Wei Xu,&nbsp;Jianyong Li,&nbsp;Yi Xia,&nbsp;Huayuan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This multicenter phase II trial aimed to evaluate the orelabrutinib, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and obinutuzumab (OFCG) regimen as first-line therapy for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)/small lymphocytic lymphoma without restriction by TP53 aberrations [del(17p) and/or TP53 mutation] and IGHV status.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eligible patients received OFCG (orelabrutinib, orally 150 mg/day; fludarabine, intravenously 25 mg/m²/day; cyclophosphamide, intravenously 250 mg/m²/day; obinutuzumab, intravenously 1000 mg), with treatment duration and modifications based on prespecified minimal residual disease (MRD) criteria. The primary endpoint was the rate of undetectable MRD in bone marrow (BM-uMRD) after 6 cycles by flow cytometry (10⁻⁴ sensitivity). The key secondary endpoints included the rate of BM-uMRD4 at the end of cycles 3, 12, MRD in peripheral blood (PB-uMRD4) at the end of cycles 6, and complete response rate (CRR); exploratory endpoints included the rate of BM-uMRD6 (10⁻⁶ sensitivity) at the end of cycles 3, 6, and 12.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 25 enrolled patients, 23 completed 3 cycles of OFCG therapy; of these, 13 patients achieved BM-uMRD4. After 6 cycles, 76.0 % (19/25) achieved BM-uMRD4, and 80 % (20/25) of patients achieved PB-uMRD4. CRR with BM-uMRD4 was achieved by 20.0 % (5/25), 52.0 % (13/25), and 64.0 % (16/25) of patients after 3, 6, and 12 cycles, respectively. Significant differences in BM-uMRD6 at C7D0 (odds ratio [OR], 0.03 [95 % confidence interval [CI]: 0, 0.32]; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) and C13D0 (OR, 0.16 [95 % CI: 0.03, 0.94]; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) were observed between IGHV-mutated (<em>n</em> = 10) and unmutated (<em>n</em> = 15) patients. Notably, 20 patients discontinued all the drugs at the data cutoff date. No treatment-related deaths occurred, and the most frequent grade 3–4 adverse effects (AEs) were neutropenia (20/25, 80.0 %), thrombocytopenia (15/25, 60.0 %), and infection (7/25, 28.0 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study meet the primary endpoint, showing the potential efficacy and acceptable safety profile of the OFCG regimen as a first-line treatment for CLL. Trial registration: NCT05322733.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Center","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 420-428"},"PeriodicalIF":25.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148710032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of lung cancer in a population with incidental pulmonary nodules in China: a prospective multicenter study of 10,560 cases","authors":"Wenhua Liang,&nbsp;Yongzhao Zhou,&nbsp;Chengping Hu,&nbsp;Wei Xiao,&nbsp;Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Min Li,&nbsp;Wei Wang,&nbsp;Xianwei Ye,&nbsp;Xiangyan Zhang,&nbsp;Ning Chang,&nbsp;Chunmei Yun,&nbsp;Dejun Sun,&nbsp;Yunhui Zhang,&nbsp;Zheng Qin,&nbsp;Wei Wang,&nbsp;Yong Zhang,&nbsp;Xin Zhang,&nbsp;Yi Xiang,&nbsp;Jieming Qu,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Nanshan Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lung cancer incidence and mortality continue to rise in China, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of its epidemiology and optimal screening targets.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 10,560 participants with 5–30 mm pulmonary nodules incidentally detected via low-dose computed tomography (LDCT)/CT were enrolled from 23 hospitals (October 2018–May 2021) and followed for 2–3 years for evaluation of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) biomarkers to distinguish malignant and benign nodules. Demographic, clinical, and imaging data were collected and analyzed. Lung cancer risk factors were assessed using stepwise single and multiple-factor binary logistic regression. This study reports only the baseline epidemiological characteristics of the population and the associated risk factors of lung cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A higher proportion of females (56.56%) were present across all age groups, with a median age of 53 years (45–62), younger than males (55 years [46–63], <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). While 97.1% of females and 37.8% of males were non-smokers, and 68.65% of participants had no occupational exposure, 71.10% had a history of second-hand smoke exposure. Most nodules were solitary (81.24%), sub-centimeter (78.22%), and non-solid (62.49%). Malignancy was identified in 17.33% of nodules, with 97.32% classified as early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (AJCC stage 0–I: 90.35%). The malignant rate increased with age and nodule size and was also associated with multiple nodules, ground-glass nodules (GGNs), upper lobe location, and female sex. Proportion of patients with malignant nodules was similar between non-high-risk (21.04%) and high-risk (17.92%) groups based on current Chinese screening guidelines, while proportions of benign nodules were notably high for solid nodules (37.21%) and small nodules (20.15%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our large-scale investigation provides updated data to guide future precise clinical management of pulmonary nodules, with a particular focus on younger females and reducing overtreatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Center","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 379-390"},"PeriodicalIF":25.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148710028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should we optimise or revise the management of initially unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer: rethinking consolidation therapy","authors":"Hassan Abdelilah Tafenzi,&nbsp;Ismail Essadi,&nbsp;Rhizlane Belbaraka","doi":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the PACIFIC trial transforming unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) management, survival gains remain modest and heterogeneous. Current consolidation strategies are fragmented, with redundant “me-too” designs, underuse of dynamic biomarkers, and little consensus on optimal sequencing of chemoradiotherapy (CRT), surgery, and next-generation systemic agents. We synthesise emerging evidence across immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), genotype-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), bispecific antibodies, and advanced radiotherapy techniques, identifying critical gaps: lack of head-to-head CRT-first <em>vs</em> systemic-first comparisons, inconsistent central nervous system (CNS) management, unclear optimal integration of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) boosts, and minimal integration of dynamic biomarkers such as circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) to guide escalation or de-escalation. We further examine the potential of early ADC integration to maximise initial tumour eradication, the role of salvage and planned surgery within trimodality strategies, and the need for harmonised CNS management. Finally, we address the economic sustainability of intensification, advocating value-based pricing, outcome-linked reimbursement, and biomarker-driven duration limits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Center","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 329-344"},"PeriodicalIF":25.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148710025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sorafenib plus hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy versus sorafenib plus transarterial chemoembolization in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase III trial and biomarker analyses","authors":"Zhicheng Lai,&nbsp;Zefeng Du,&nbsp;Lichang Huang,&nbsp;Qijiong Li,&nbsp;Yexing Huang,&nbsp;Li Xu,&nbsp;Wei Wei,&nbsp;Yaojun Zhang,&nbsp;Minshan Chen,&nbsp;Ming Shi,&nbsp;Anna Kan,&nbsp;Minke He","doi":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Although sorafenib plus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (SoraTACE) has been widely applied for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in most Asian countries, sorafenib plus hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (SoraHAIC) may be a better alternative. This phase III trial assessed the efficacy and safety of SoraHAIC versus SoraTACE in patients with advanced HCC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive SoraHAIC (400 mg of sorafenib twice daily plus FOLFOX-HAIC every 3 weeks) or SoraTACE (400 mg of sorafenib plus TACE). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From August 2016 to October 2020, 207 participants were allocated to receive SoraHAIC (<em>n =</em> 141) or SoraTACE (<em>n</em> = 66). SoraHAIC significantly improved OS (median OS, 15.7 vs. 11.2 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.58 [95% CI: 0.42, 0.80]; <em>P &lt;</em> 0.001) and progression-free survival (median, 7.2 vs. 4.1 months; HR, 0.48 [95% CI: 0.35, 0.65]; <em>P &lt;</em> 0.001) compared to SoraTACE. The incidence of grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events was significantly lower with SoraHAIC (39.3%) than SoraTACE (56.7%) (<em>P &lt;</em> 0.023). Biomarker exploration indicated that patients with higher phosphofructokinase (PFKM) expression benefitted more from SoraTACE.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SoraHAIC significantly improves OS over SoraTACE in participants with advanced HCC. Participants with high PFKM expression might benefit more from SoraTACE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Center","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 410-419"},"PeriodicalIF":25.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148710031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological time and occupational leukemogenesis: the circadian rhythm as a cofactor in benzene toxicity","authors":"Renata K. Carvalho,&nbsp;Allan Saj Porcacchia,&nbsp;Tathiana A. Alvarenga,&nbsp;Sergio Tufik,&nbsp;Monica L. Andersen","doi":"10.1016/j.jncc.2025.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jncc.2025.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Center","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 321-322"},"PeriodicalIF":25.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148709959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical review of artificial intelligence in TCR-T therapy","authors":"Inbum Lee,&nbsp;Minsoo Joo,&nbsp;Jong-Moon Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.jncc.2025.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jncc.2025.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Advances in T cell-based immunotherapy for cancer treatment, coupled with breakthroughs in artificial intelligence (AI), have led to a surge in AI-driven analysis and prediction algorithms. However, significant challenges remain in translating these computational methods into clinical practice. This paper reviews the technical trends in AI-based approaches for T cell-based immunotherapy, identifies key limitations and potentials for improvement, and proposes future research directions to bridge the gap between computational methods and clinical implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Center","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 345-360"},"PeriodicalIF":25.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148710026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Εndogenous metabolomic responses in circadian disrupted night shift working populations: a scoping review","authors":"Behzad Heibati,&nbsp;Paige Lacy,&nbsp;Konstantinos C. Makris","doi":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Night shift work (NSW) has been known for its linkage with circadian disruption, while the NSW carcinogenic potential is well documented. However, there has been little research on the NSW-associated biological pathways and small molecules that may be implicated with the early stages of carcinogenicity. Metabolomics platforms are novel exposomics tools that act as intermediate biological layers of information linking NSW schedules with the downstream endogenous response in humans. To this extent, we conducted a scoping review to answer the question: how does NSW impact the endogenous human metabolome using metabolomics tools? Thus, this work critically reviewed human studies on the association between NSW and the associated endogenous biological response. Online databases were screened, and 13 original publications were included in the analysis; eight studies were conducted in occupational settings, and the remaining studies were well-controlled laboratory experiments simulating NSW. This work summarized the consistent reporting of the most frequently reported metabolites and associated biological pathways enriched in actual NSW, or in simulated NSW conditions of occupational and experimental laboratory studies, respectively. Further research is warranted to better understand the complex metabolic changes associated with NSW, informing strategies to mitigate early-stage carcinogenic effects, ultimately improving health and well-being of shift workers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Center","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 432-446"},"PeriodicalIF":25.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148710040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Work at night, sleep loss, fatigue, and cancer: exposure, mechanisms, and epidemiological evidence","authors":"Pierluigi Cocco","doi":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jncc.2026.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73987,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the National Cancer Center","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 429-431"},"PeriodicalIF":25.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148710033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}