Agricultural and Food Science最新文献_第4页

Protein and carbohydrate profiles of a diploid and a tetraploid red clover cultivar 二倍体和四倍体红三叶草品种的蛋白质和碳水化合物谱

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Agricultural and Food Science Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.23986/afsci.113478

J. Marković, Đ. Lazarević, F. Bekčić, Mladen Prijović, T. Vasić, S. Živkovic, R. Štrbanović

{"title":"Protein and carbohydrate profiles of a diploid and a tetraploid red clover cultivar","authors":"J. Marković, Đ. Lazarević, F. Bekčić, Mladen Prijović, T. Vasić, S. Živkovic, R. Štrbanović","doi":"10.23986/afsci.113478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23986/afsci.113478","url":null,"abstract":"Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) is characterized by high dry matter (DM) yield and a high nutritive value. It has a higher concentration of soluble carbohydrate than lucerne and its protein is less degradable in the rumen than lucerne protein. The aim of this study was to quantify the main crude protein (CP) and carbohydrate (CHO) fractions of a tetraploid (4n, cv K-32) and a diploid (2n, cv K-39) red clover cultivar harvested at three stages of development in the spring growth. Results showed that the cultivar and stage of development had a large impact on chemical composition and the protein and carbohydrate fractions determined by the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS). The rapidly degradable protein fraction (PA) was significantly higher in the tetraploid (272 to 287 g kg-1 CP with advancing plant development) than in the diploid red clover cultivar (214 to 268 g kg-1 CP). Rumen degradable carbohydrate concentration was not affected by cultivar but it was significantly influenced by the stage of development. The concentration of rumen degradable protein decreased from 726 to 655 g kg-1 CP with advancing plant development in the diploid red clover cultivar. In conclusion, the tetraploid red clover cultivar was higher in CP, its protein was more rapidly degradable, and it was characterized by lower concentrations of lignin and unavailable carbohydrate fractions than the diploid cultivar.","PeriodicalId":7393,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Food Science","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72429697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Effects of blue light on physiological and biochemical changes in germinating cabbage sprouts 蓝光对甘蓝芽萌发生理生化变化的影响

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Agricultural and Food Science Pub Date : 2022-07-07 DOI: 10.23986/afsci.119416

Yanbing Liu, Jiacheng Xue, Gongheng Che, Liping Guo, Juan Tang

引用次数: 0

Deep learning image recognition of cow behavior and an open data set acquired near an automatic milking robot 奶牛行为的深度学习图像识别和自动挤奶机器人附近获取的开放数据集

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Agricultural and Food Science Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.23986/afsci.111665

Olli Koskela, Leonardo Santiago Benitez Pereira, I. Pölönen, I. Aronen, I. Kunttu

{"title":"Deep learning image recognition of cow behavior and an open data set acquired near an automatic milking robot","authors":"Olli Koskela, Leonardo Santiago Benitez Pereira, I. Pölönen, I. Aronen, I. Kunttu","doi":"10.23986/afsci.111665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23986/afsci.111665","url":null,"abstract":"Production animals enjoying good health and well-being are more productive and have a higher output quality. Several technical solutions have been used to monitor the animals’ welfare: those based on computer vision provide cost-efficient and scalable options. In this work, we performed a continuous two-month image acquisition of cows in front of an automatic milking station and divided the data into ten different classes related to the most important activities appearing in the images. The data consisted of almost 19 hours of video, equivalent to more than 1.7 million still images. Based on these imaged, we then implemented a convolutional neural network classifier to recognize the cows' behavior. The network was tested using cross-validation methodology and achieved an 86% precision rate and 85% recall rate in the classification. The data and the Python program code used in this study are made available. An image data set that directly resembles the harsh conditions inside a barn and can be used for deep learning purposes has not been previously made available.","PeriodicalId":7393,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Food Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87732886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Antioxidant capacity and hydrogen peroxide formation by black and orange carrots 黑色和橙色胡萝卜的抗氧化能力和过氧化氢的形成

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Agricultural and Food Science Pub Date : 2022-06-14 DOI: 10.23986/afsci.116192

G. Bartosz, Sabina Baran, Michalina Grzesik-Pietrasiewicz, I. Sadowska-Bartosz

引用次数: 2

Loose housing-nothing to lose? Exploring the on-farm profitability, risk and agricultural policy consequences associated with a tie-stall ban on dairy farms 松散的房屋——没什么可失去的?探讨农场的盈利能力，风险和农业政策的后果与禁售奶牛场

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Agricultural and Food Science Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI: 10.23986/afsci.113911

B. G. Hansen, Maria Natalie Jenssen, Ingrid Melstveit Larsson

{"title":"Loose housing-nothing to lose? Exploring the on-farm profitability, risk and agricultural policy consequences associated with a tie-stall ban on dairy farms","authors":"B. G. Hansen, Maria Natalie Jenssen, Ingrid Melstveit Larsson","doi":"10.23986/afsci.113911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23986/afsci.113911","url":null,"abstract":"Due to stricter animal welfare regulations, in Norway tie-stalls for dairy cows are banned from 2034 onwards. The aim of this paper is to explore the profitability, risk and agricultural policy consequences associated with the transition from tie-stalls to loose housing. Data on farm economics and investments were collected from farm enterprise budgets on 66 farms that have built new cowsheds in recent years in Vestland county. Vestland was chosen because on average it has the smallest dairy farms in Norway, with 45 percent of the herds having less than 20 cows. To analyze profitability and risk we used net present value and stochastic simulation. The findings show that irrespective of herd size, to continue farming with an upgraded tie-stall is more profitable than to invest in new loose housing. For farms with less than 30 cows, investment in new loose housing is on average not profitable and involves a high risk. Unless the Governmental investment grant is significantly increased, the tie-stall ban will have large consequences for farm structure and conflict several agricultural policy goals. Farmland in less favored districts may go out of production, making it more difficult to reach the policy goals of increasing food production, agriculture across the country, biodiversity and rural viability. Our findings are of interest to politicians in countries where one considers stricter animal welfare regulations, as well as planners and farmers who consider investing in new loose housing dairies.","PeriodicalId":7393,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Food Science","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86550767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effect of annually repeated weed harrowing against Chenopodium album (L.) in organically grown spring cereals 有机春粮年复除草对Chenopodium album (L.)的影响

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Agricultural and Food Science Pub Date : 2022-05-19 DOI: 10.23986/afsci.115327

J. Salonen, M. Niemi, Minna Haavisto, E. Juvonen

引用次数: 1

The role of subsidies in stabilising farm income: Evidence from Estonia 补贴在稳定农业收入中的作用:来自爱沙尼亚的证据

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Agricultural and Food Science Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.23986/afsci.112241

Olha Aleksandrova, Tetiana Zhmykhova, A. Viira

引用次数: 1

Methane production inventory between 1960–2020 in the Finnish dairy sector and the future mitigation scenarios 芬兰乳制品部门1960-2020年甲烷产量清单及未来减排情景

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Agricultural and Food Science Pub Date : 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.23986/afsci.113752

P. Huhtanen, Aleksi Astaptsev, J. Nousiainen

{"title":"Methane production inventory between 1960–2020 in the Finnish dairy sector and the future mitigation scenarios","authors":"P. Huhtanen, Aleksi Astaptsev, J. Nousiainen","doi":"10.23986/afsci.113752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23986/afsci.113752","url":null,"abstract":"Enteric methane (CH4) represents about half of the climatic footprint of milk production in Finland. Methane is generated from the surplus hydrogen produced during the anaerobic feed digestion process in the rumen. Methane intensity per liter of energy corrected milk (g CH4 kg-1 ECM) is a function of the number of cows, milk yield (MY), replacement rate (RR), and the diet composition. This study aimed to model and report the inventory of CH4 from milk production in Finland between 1960 and 2020. Furthermore, we report the potential future scenarios of CH4 mitigation strategies based on the further development in MY and feed efficiency with constant or changing BW of cows. The diet composition of cattle was formulated for 5-year periods according to feed consumption statistics (ProAgria 2021) and the current metabolizable energy (ME) requirements for dairy cattle (Luke 2021a). The CH4 production from cattle was simulated using the formulated diets with the Nordic dairy cow model Karoline. The future CH4 mitigation scenarios of increased MY and improved feed efficiency were simulated using Lypsikki® dairy farm model. During the inventory period, the number of cows (1000) decreased from 1150 to less than 258, and MY increased three-fold. The total milk and CH4 production peaked in 1965 being 3650 and 110 million kg per year and decreased to 2300 and 48 million kg per year in 2020, respectively.\u0000Consequently, decreased number of cows and increased MY reduced the total CH4 production by 56%. In addition, CH4 intensity improved by 36% during the inventory period. Of the future scenarios, increased MY and improved feed efficiency had a substantial potential to improve CH4 intensity. In both scenarios maintaining the current BW of cows resulted in higher mitigation potential. We conclude that selecting more efficient animals has a significant CH4 mitigation potential.\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":7393,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Food Science","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83294315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Importance of light source position in exposure sequence for optimization of coloration and yield of red winter lettuce 曝光顺序中光源位置对冬红莴苣显色及产量优化的重要性

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Agricultural and Food Science Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.23986/afsci.113503

C. Stadler

{"title":"Importance of light source position in exposure sequence for optimization of coloration and yield of red winter lettuce","authors":"C. Stadler","doi":"10.23986/afsci.113503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23986/afsci.113503","url":null,"abstract":"Winter production of greenhouse crops in northern countries is totally dependent on supplementary lighting. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the light source (high-pressure vapor lamps (HPS), light-emitting diodes (LED), or a combination) and their distribution in time on growth and coloration of red winter lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. ‘Carmoli’). The used energy associated to each of the light treatments was also evaluated. The number of leaves, fresh and dry weight were significantly higher for plants treated only with HPS lights, whereas the red pigmentation was enhanced in plants grown only under LEDs. The lower yield under LEDs was associated with a significantly lower leaf temperature compared to plants grown under HPS lights. One week at the end of the growth period under LEDs was enough to achieve a satisfactory red color, while not compromising plant yield. The energy use efficiency was increased by nearly 50% in the LED-only treatment despite the lower plant yield compared to the HPS-only treatment. These results demonstrate that supplemental light quality can be strategically used by improving the light source position in exposure sequence to enhance the growth and coloration of winter lettuce.","PeriodicalId":7393,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Food Science","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74106569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of timing and intensity of weed harrowing in triticale-lupin mixture on weeds and crops 小黑麦-黑麦混播除草时间和强度对杂草和作物的影响

IF 1.2 4区农林科学

Agricultural and Food Science Pub Date : 2022-04-22 DOI: 10.23986/afsci.113476

E. Tendziagolska, P. Sobkowicz

{"title":"The effect of timing and intensity of weed harrowing in triticale-lupin mixture on weeds and crops","authors":"E. Tendziagolska, P. Sobkowicz","doi":"10.23986/afsci.113476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23986/afsci.113476","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to find the most beneficial time of weed harrowing with its intensity represented by the number of passes with spring-tine harrow executed on one day in a mixture of triticale (×Triticosecale Wittm.) and narrow-leaved lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.). The randomized complete block design was applied in field conditions in 2015–2017. It comprised one factor, the timing and the intensity of post-emergence weed harrowing with the spring-tine harrow. The plots were harrowed once, twice, or three times on one day at six consecutive growth stages of triticale: BBCH 10, 11, 12, 13, 21, 22. Harrowing did not increase the grain yield of the triticale-lupin mixture, and when repeated three times at BBCH 21, it decreased the grain yield. The cereal was more resistant than lupin to timing and intensity of harrowing. The weeds were best controlled by a single cultivation conducted at the first leaf of triticale. This method caused a significant reduction in the density and the biomass of weeds at the anthesis of triticale and a reduction in the weed biomass at the full maturity of the mixture. Increasing intensity of harrowing by repeating cultivations had relatively weak influence on the weeds.","PeriodicalId":7393,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural and Food Science","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77167975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1