Journal of psychopathology and clinical science最新文献

{"title":"What the general factor of psychological problems is-And is not.","authors":"Tyler M Moore, Brooks Applegate, Benjamin B Lahey","doi":"10.1037/abn0000978","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hundreds of published studies have advanced understanding of the hypothesized general factor of psychological problems, but confusion still surrounds the hypothesis. This partly results from critics conflating our hypotheses with those of other authors, but we have created confusion ourselves by stating two different general factor hypotheses, which we differentiate here. In the psychometric general factor hypothesis, the general factor is the term in bifactor models that quantifies the variance shared by all measured psychological problems, whereas two or more specific factors are defined by orthogonal pools of variance shared only by items loading on each specific factor. Although the psychometric bifactor model is sometimes viewed as an alternative to taxonomic models based on correlated factor models, it is not. Correlated factors models properly describe the overlapping dimensions of psychological problems experienced in everyday life. The separate hierarchical causal hypothesis is that correlations among the problems that define the general factor result from some of their causes and mechanisms being directly or indirectly shared, whereas the specific factors are the result of other orthogonal causes being shared by subsets of problems. There is growing evidence that some genetic and environmental causes-and their attendant psychobiological mechanisms-are shared to varying degrees with essentially all psychological problems. Other independent causes and mechanisms influence only subgroups of psychological problems (e.g., internalizing problems). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Capturing the experience of borderline personality disorder symptoms in the daily lives of women with eating disorders.","authors":"Alexia E Miller, Ege Bicaker, Vittoria Trolio, Carl F Falk, Chloe White, Lisa Y Zhu, Sarah E Racine","doi":"10.1037/abn0000953","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is highly comorbid with eating disorders (EDs), and comorbid ED-BPD is associated with a worse clinical presentation and treatment outcomes. Understanding how BPD symptoms manifest in the daily lives of those with EDs and predict momentary ED symptoms has important treatment implications. This study: (a) compared the nine BPD symptoms, assessed across 14 days, in individuals with comorbid ED-BPD, only an ED, and no ED; and (b) examined average and momentary relationships between BPD symptoms and specific ED symptoms (i.e., binge eating, purging, restriction, and maladaptive exercise) in women with EDs. Individuals with comorbid ED-BPD (<i>n</i> = 60), only an ED (<i>n</i> = 114), and controls (<i>n</i> = 47) completed 14 days of ecological momentary assessment. All BPD symptoms except affective instability were more common in individuals with comorbid ED-BPD than those with only an ED. Affective instability and paranoia/dissociation had the largest effect sizes, indicating the greatest differences across groups. Individuals with more frequent abandonment avoidance, anger, identity disturbance, paranoia/dissociation, and self-harm over the 14 days engaged in more frequent binge eating, while those with greater emptiness engaged in more frequent restriction and maladaptive exercise. Momentary affective instability predicted an increased likelihood of binge eating, while momentary interpersonal difficulties predicted a decreased likelihood of binge eating, at the next prompt. This study highlights the importance of considering BPD symptoms in the treatment of individuals with EDs to improve their clinical outcomes and quality of life. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"173-183"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data mining identifies meaningful severity specifiers for anorexia nervosa.","authors":"Marley G Billman Miller, Sophie R Abber, Antonia Hamilton, Shelby N Ortiz, Ross C Jacobucci, Jamal H Essayli, April R Smith, Lauren N Forrest","doi":"10.1037/abn0000962","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The fifth edition of <i>the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders</i> defines anorexia nervosa (AN) severity based on body mass index (BMI). However, BMI categories do not reliably differentiate the intensity of AN and comorbid symptoms. Shape/weight overvaluation has been proposed as an alternative severity specifier. The present study used structural equation model (SEM) Trees to empirically determine specific levels of BMI and/or shape/weight overvaluation that differentiate AN severity. We also compared whether the SEM Tree-derived severity groups outperformed existing AN severity definitions. Participants were 1,666 adolescents and adults with AN who were receiving eating disorder treatment at one of the three levels of care (outpatient, partial hospital program, or residential). Participants completed self-reported questionnaires assessing eating pathology and comorbid symptoms. SEM Tree analyses first specified an outcome model of AN severity, and then recursively partitioned the outcome model into subgroups based on all values of BMI and shape/weight overvaluation. One-way analyses of variance and t tests determined which severity definition explained the most variance in clinical characteristics. SEM Tree analyses yielded five severity groups, all of which were defined based on increasing intensities of shape/weight overvaluation: < 2.25, 2.25-3.24, 3.25-4.24, 4.25-5.24, and ≥ 5.25. No groups were defined based on BMI. SEM Tree-derived groupings explained more variance in clinical characteristics than existing severity definitions. Taken together, shape/weight overvaluation appears to be a more accurate marker of AN severity than BMI. The empirically determined AN severity scheme accounted for the most variance in clinical characteristics. Future research should assess the predictive value of these empirically defined AN severity indicators. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"162-172"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11940276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142829984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Within-person affect dynamics among individuals in residential treatment for opioid use disorder: An ecological momentary assessment study.","authors":"Kyler S Knapp, Daniel J Petrie, Timothy R Brick, Erin Deneke, Scott C Bunce, H Harrington Cleveland","doi":"10.1037/abn0000975","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ecological momentary assessment is increasingly leveraged to better understand affective processes underlying substance use disorder treatment and recovery. Research in this area has yielded novel insights into the roles of mean levels of positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) in precipitating drug craving and substance use in daily life. Little of the extant substance use disorder treatment research, however, considers dynamic patterns of PA and NA, separately or in relation to one another, or how such patterns may differ from those observed among nonclinical samples. The current ecological momentary assessment study examined between-person differences in within-person affect dynamics-including intensity, variability, instability, inertia, polarity, and spillover-among patients in residential treatment (<i>n</i> = 73) for opioid use disorder (OUD), both collectively and separately according to posttreatment relapse status, relative to a demographically similar nonclinical comparison group (<i>n</i> = 37). The results revealed no group differences in PA dynamics. The OUD group did, however, report higher average NA intensity and within-day variability relative to the comparison group. Furthermore, relative to the comparison group, OUD patients who relapsed within 120 days posttreatment exhibited greater linear declines in NA intensity across days, whereas OUD patients who did not relapse demonstrated weaker affect polarity (i.e., the within-person correlation between PA and NA). Although PA dynamics alone did not differ between groups, weaker affect polarity differentiated OUD patients who avoided relapse from the comparison group. The capacity to experience PA separately from fluctuations in NA may reflect an adaptive tendency that could reduce vulnerability to relapse among individuals in OUD treatment. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"184-200"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11835537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Questionable research practices violate the American Psychological Association's Code of Ethics.","authors":"Joshua D Miller, Nathaniel L Phillips, Donald R Lynam","doi":"10.1037/abn0000974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this viewpoint article, the authors assert that psychology is in the midst of a \"replication crisis\" due to factors such as low power, p-hacking, publication bias, and hypothesizing after the results are known (HARKing). Individually, these practices have been decried for decades, but only in the last 15 years has the corrosive effect of these practices been fully appreciated. The authors contend that these practices are more than \"questionable\" and constitute unethical research practices according to the American Psychological Association's (2017) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. The public deserves the ethical and honest practice of clinical science described by APA's ethics codes. Although these issues cut across all subdisciplines of psychology, they take on special importance within clinical psychology where research on assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental health problems have meaningful real-world implications. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"134 2","pages":"113-114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thinking beyond substances: Why behavioral \"addiction\" research must move past substance use disorder paradigms.","authors":"Joshua B Grubbs, Cassandra L Boness","doi":"10.1037/abn0000970","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this viewpoint article, the authors contend that behavioral addiction (BA) research must move past substance use disorder paradigms. Under the most liberal definitions of BA, activities such as eating, exercise, work, smartphone use, and a litany of others could all become addictions. Abundant clinical evidence shows that people may frequently engage in behaviors in ways that become impairing. Yet, frequency of engagement in a behavior is insufficient evidence that addiction is occurring and may be of little evidentiary value at all. There are also severe problems with assuming equivalence between all behavioral processes and substance use. The conceptual problems manifest in methodological problems, meaning that many of the methodological approaches used in substance use research are likely not valid for BA research. Given abundant evidence that the behavior patterns commonly referred to as BAs are associated with distress and impairment, BAs are likely to continue to garner interest in both clinical care and clinical science. To better understand the phenomenology of BAs, research should first start with systematic and multimethod investigations among patients reporting such problems. That is, rather than simply co-opting methods and measures from substance use disorder (SUD) research, BA research should carefully consider the signs and symptoms reported by people experiencing real impairments from excessive and dysregulated behavioral engagements. Additionally, BA researchers should seek to engage with larger theoretical perspectives on psychopathology regarding the core processes that seem to be driving such impairments. For BA research to achieve scientific legitimacy, explain clinical phenomena, and, ultimately, reduce human suffering, the study of such disorders must move beyond SUD paradigms and addiction framing alone and instead strive for riskier tests of validity. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"115-116"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced creativity in autism is due to co-occurring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.","authors":"Emily C Taylor, Małgorzata A Gocłowska, Mitchell J Callan, Lucy A Livingston","doi":"10.1037/abn0000910","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There has been longstanding speculation that enhanced creativity is associated with autism. Evidence for this association, however, is limited and derived from small-scale studies in nonclinical samples. Furthermore, nothing is known about autism-related creativity after accounting for general cognitive ability and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), that is, other factors known to predict creativity. Addressing these issues, we conducted preregistered comparisons of the creativity of autistic and nonautistic adults (<i>N</i> = 352), matched on age, sex, and general cognitive ability. We found clear evidence that there were no group differences on a divergent thinking creativity task. Autistic adults did self-report more real-world creative accomplishments and behaviors, but these differences did not hold after accounting for ADHD. We conclude that enhanced creativity, where observed in autistic people, is likely to be driven by co-occurring ADHD. The clinical and practical implications of these findings for strength-based approaches to psychopathology are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"201-211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide risk assessment and management protocol for research within the Department of Veterans Affairs.","authors":"Emily R Edwards,Grace N Anderson,Emilia M Fonseca,Amanda L Reed,Chi Chan,Erin A Hazlett,Joseph C Geraci,Marianne Goodman","doi":"10.1037/abn0000968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000968","url":null,"abstract":"Escalating rates of suicide among U.S. military Veterans have prompted the Department of Veterans Affairs to prioritize Veteran suicide as a chief clinical concern. Veterans Affairs-funded research is consistently dedicated to suicide prevention initiatives, reflecting a commitment to addressing this urgent issue. Although general guidelines have been proposed for recognizing and responding to suicide risk among research participants, to date, no guidelines have been published that are Veteran specific. Veterans exhibit unique suicide risk factors compared to civilians, including higher rates of suicide, a tendency to utilize more lethal means when attempting suicide, and substantial stigma surrounding mental health and help seeking, underscoring the need for Veteran-specific suicide risk assessment and management protocols (SRAMs). This article offers a comprehensive SRAM to guide research with Veteran participants. The protocol provides guidance on (a) accurate assessment of suicide risk, (b) risk management strategies commensurate to presenting risk, and (c) tailoring SRAMs for diverse study designs and contexts. By introducing this standardized, Veteran-focused SRAM, we aspire to bolster ongoing research dedicated to saving the lives of Veterans. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Putting the \"experience\" back in experience sampling: A phenomenological approach.","authors":"Gil Grunfeld, Laura F Bringmann, Daniel Fulford","doi":"10.1037/abn0000928","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article discusses the concept of \"experience\" in experience sampling. A central challenge of clinical science is understanding psychopathological constructs and their manifestations. In conventional definitions and measures of psychopathology, subjective experience of mental disorder is often lost. The authors argue for an integration of phenomenology-or prioritization of subjectivity-in psychopathological construct definition and measurement, particularly through experience sampling methods (ESMs). ESMs capture idiographic, contextual, and longitudinal elements of lived experience that can expand our current conceptualizations and classifications of psychopathology. The authors propose three novel applications and extensions: (a) leveraging ESM for subjective construct definition (i.e., phenomena detection), (b) mixed-methods approaches, like cognitive interviewing, to improve the validity of ESM measures and (c) incorporation of novel ESM approaches (e.g., audiovisual data capturing) to expand understanding of subjective, daily experience of psychopathology. Merging phenomenological tradition with ESM serves to expand our understanding of psychopathology and bring \"experience\" back into experience sampling. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"3-5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142115722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of passively collected actigraphy data to detect individual depressive symptoms in a clinical subpopulation and a general population.","authors":"George D Price, Amanda C Collins, Daniel M Mackin, Michael V Heinz, Nicholas C Jacobson","doi":"10.1037/abn0000933","DOIUrl":"10.1037/abn0000933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The presentation of major depressive disorder (MDD) can vary widely due to its heterogeneity, including inter- and intraindividual symptom variability, making MDD difficult to diagnose with standard measures in clinical settings. Prior work has demonstrated that passively collected actigraphy can be used to detect MDD at a disorder level; however, given the heterogeneous nature of MDD, comprising multiple distinct symptoms, it is important to measure the degree to which various MDD symptoms may be captured by such passive data. The current study investigated whether individual depressive symptoms could be detected from passively collected actigraphy data in a (a) clinical subpopulation (i.e., moderate depressive symptoms or greater) and (b) general population. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a large nationally representative sample (<i>N</i> = 8,378), we employed a convolutional neural network to determine which depressive symptoms in each population could be detected by wrist-worn, minute-level actigraphy data. Findings indicated a small-moderate correspondence between the predictions and observed outcomes for mood, psychomotor, and suicide items (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUCs] = 0.58-0.61); a moderate-large correspondence for anhedonia (AUC = 0.64); and a large correspondence for fatigue (AUC = 0.74) in the clinical subpopulation (<i>n</i> = 766); and a small-moderate correspondence for sleep, appetite, psychomotor, and suicide items (AUCs = 0.56-0.60) in the general population (<i>n</i> = 8,378). Thus, individual depressive symptoms can be detected in individuals who likely meet the criteria for MDD, suggesting that wrist-worn actigraphy may be suitable for passively assessing these symptoms, providing important clinical implications for the diagnosis and treatment of MDD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":73914,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychopathology and clinical science","volume":" ","pages":"31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}