Journal of psychology & behavior research最新文献

{"title":"Pioneering Studies of Spatial Behavior in Animals: Ivane Beritashvili and Edward Tolman","authors":"Merab G. Tsagareli","doi":"10.17265/2159-5542/2022.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5542/2022.08.001","url":null,"abstract":" Ivane S. Beritashvili’s doctrine of image-driven behavior was established in the late 1920s and finally extended in his books in English (1965; 1971). It bears a strong resemblance to the concepts of purposive behavior and “cognitive maps” developed in parallel by Edward C. Tolman (1932; 1948) and significantly anticipated respective modern concepts. John O’Keefe and his disciples May-Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser received the Nobel Prize in 2014 for their discoveries of cells that constitute a navigation system in the brain. The latter fact brings us to the pioneers of the study of the spatial orientation of animals that figuratively speaking, provided the giant’s shoulders on which O’Keefe and the Mosers stood to receive their award. Beritashvili and Tolman upheld the holistic and goal-directed nature of spatial behavior. A major contribution of Beritashvili to the science of animal behavior was the demonstration of the universality of learning following a single presentation of an object vitally important to the animal: either a food object or a noxious signal. Beritashvili showed that such “image-driven” behavior has a strong spatial component, i.e., the image is projected into a definite point in space. Thus, he came to maintain that there is a class of behavior that is image-driven that does not require a repetition of associations. Tolman made several significant contributions to the field of experimental psychology. He thought of learning as developing from bits of knowledge and cognitions about the environment and how the organism relates to it. He examined the role that reinforcement plays in the way that rats learn their way through complex mazes. These experiments eventually led to the theory of latent learning which describes learning that occurs in the absence of an obvious reward. Tolman also strongly advocated the theory that rats learn the place where they have been rewarded rather than the particular movements required to get there. To a great extent, Tolman’s work determined the direction of American psychology in the 1930s-1950s. The contribution of Beritashvili and Tolman, thus, is the groundwork of modern studies of spatial cognitive processes in human and nonhuman animals.","PeriodicalId":73913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychology & behavior research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82978399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Chinese-English Translation of Shanghai Road Signs From the Perspective of Skopos Theory","authors":"JIN Jiayu, JIA Xiaoqing","doi":"10.17265/2159-5542/2022.08.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5542/2022.08.014","url":null,"abstract":" This paper applies the Skopos theory to discussing the principles of Chinese-English translation of road signs, namely conforming to international conventions and English expression norms, providing information, and showing local culture at the same time.","PeriodicalId":73913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychology & behavior research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86523255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation Strategies of Scientific and Technological Words From the Translation of “Meta”","authors":"YU Peixin, HUAN Xiaoyu, JIA Xiaoqing","doi":"10.17265/2159-5542/2022.08.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5542/2022.08.013","url":null,"abstract":" The translation of S & T neologisms plays an important role in scientific and technological spreading and development. This paper analyzes the translation of the word “meta” from the perspective of Chinese cultural origin, and makes detailed explanations of translation strategies for scientific neologisms.","PeriodicalId":73913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychology & behavior research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74602849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovering Nick: An Analysis of the Narrative Features in The Great Gatsby","authors":"WANG Yan","doi":"10.17265/2159-5542/2022.08.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5542/2022.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"Fitzgerald tells the story in The Great Gatsby through the dramatized narrator, or the character in the play which helps this novel become a classic one. In this paper, the endeavor is to discover Nick Carraway both as a character and a narrator from the perspective of impersonal narration.","PeriodicalId":73913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychology & behavior research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82960411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Investigation of Whether Different Kinds of External Sounds Would Influence Meditation Process","authors":"FAN Yixin","doi":"10.17265/2159-5542/2022.08.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5542/2022.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychology & behavior research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77507632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Based on COVID-19, Analysis of the Strategic Model of E-commerce Enterprises—A Case Study of Xiaohongshu (RED)","authors":"CHEN Chuyue, OUYANG Haitao, TAN Jiaqi, WU Fan, ZHAN Yuqian","doi":"10.17265/2159-5542/2022.08.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5542/2022.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychology & behavior research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90607918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resilience and Social Emotional Health of Teachers in Slovakia, Latvia, Lithuania in Pandemic Times","authors":"Eva Gajdošová, Ala Petrulytė, Guna Svence","doi":"10.17265/2159-5542/2022.07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5542/2022.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychology & behavior research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72777515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Empirical Study on the Job Satisfaction of Guangxi Private Universities Based on Two-Factor Theory","authors":"HUANG Rongsheng, Taien Layraman","doi":"10.17265/2159-5542/2022.07.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5542/2022.07.012","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to empirically examine the job satisfaction of Guangxi private universities based on two-factor theory. With the rapid development of private colleges and universities, there are also many problems restricting the development of private colleges and universities. Therefore, this study is specially helpful for the private colleges and universities in Guangxi. In order to carry out this study, the population was taken to be those teachers of the private colleges and universities in Guangxi. A sample (N = 384) of teachers was taken using simple random sampling from the private colleges and universities in Guangxi. It was hypothesized that work achievement, work itself, work development, duty, compensation and benefit, salary, work environment, organization system, interpersonal relationship, and leadership management had positive influence on customer decision-making. The results were analyzed with the help of SPSS software. Descriptive statistical analysis, Pearson correlation test, and regression analysis were used to test hypothesis. The results showed the overall job satisfaction of teachers in private universities in Guangxi is unsatisfactory; only working environment and interpersonal relationship in five dimensions are satisfactory, while other dimensions are unsatisfactory. It is understood that the existing health care factors in private colleges and universities in Guangxi cannot eliminate the dissatisfaction state of teachers’ work, and the incentive factors cannot effectively stimulate the enthusiasm of teachers.","PeriodicalId":73913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychology & behavior research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76027191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Borderline Personality Disorder: A General Overview","authors":"Nok Sze Wun","doi":"10.17265/2159-5542/2022.07.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5542/2022.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a personality disorder marked by unpredictable behaviors, emotional instability, and self-injurious conduct, which typically begins in adolescence. BPD patients are difficult to treat. The majority have had child sexual abuse, and roughly a quarter have experienced sexual abuse by a caregiver. The study is an overview of borderline personality disorder, including current and past understanding of its main features, etiology, impact, treatment, and future directions since the public’s recognition of BPD is only at a beginning stage. The passage would be mainly focused on the part of the discussion, where I would illustrate the possible factors that lead to the development of borderline personality disorder from both biological and social perspectives, its impact on individual’ s behavior and social functioning, and the current ways of treatments. The discipline has changed dramatically over the last two decades, with a growing number of specialized psychotherapies and drugs being explored. Since BPD patients are especially hard to treat, an evaluation of multiple therapies should be necessary. Limitations and future directions would be discussed in the conclusion. Overall, the paper is aimed to provide a comprehensive summary for the general public.","PeriodicalId":73913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychology & behavior research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89873113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trend of the Feminism Development in Modern China 1950s-2000s by Analyzing Chinese Female-Themed Movies","authors":"DONG Yuzhe, KANG Haixuan","doi":"10.17265/2159-5542/2022.07.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5542/2022.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of psychology & behavior research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86216883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}