{"title":"MALDI-TOF MS analysis for detection of bovine coronavirus with tryptic peptides from viral proteins.","authors":"Katsuhiko Hayashi, Kenji Ohya, Tomoya Yoshinari, Shouhei Hirose, Souta Shimizu, Yuji Morita, Takahiro Ohnishi, Maiko Watanabe, Satoshi Taharaguchi, Hirohisa Mekata, Takahide Taniguchi, Yukiko Hara-Kudo","doi":"10.4265/jmc.29.4_143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4265/jmc.29.4_143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine coronavirus (BCoV), a significant cattle pathogen causing enteric and respiratory diseases, is primarily detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Our objective was to develop a novel detection method for BCoV by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization‒time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Peptide mass fingerprint analysis revealed that nucleocapsid (N), membrane (M), and hemagglutinin-esterase (HE) were three main BCoV proteins. Their tryptic peptides were used as target molecules for BCoV detection. When the tryptic digest of 10<sup>7.0</sup> viral copies was analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS, five peptides with relatively strong peaks were detected. The detection limit was between 10<sup>5.0</sup> and 10<sup>6.0</sup> copies per test for BCoV alone. To detect BCoV in the swab eluate, ultrafiltration purification achieved a detection limit between 10<sup>6.0</sup> and 10<sup>7.0</sup> copies per test, sufficient to detect BCoV-infected calves. Our findings offer valuable insights for BCoV detection by MALDI-TOF MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":73831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microorganism control","volume":"29 4","pages":"143-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143056165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An experimental verification of fungal overgrowth in temporary houses at the site of the Great East Japan Earthquake.","authors":"Maiko Watanabe, Rumi Konuma, Kenichi Hasegawa, Noritaka Kimura, Naoki Kobayashi, Yoichi Kamata, Hiroshi Yoshino, Kosuke Takatori, Yukiko Hara-Kudo","doi":"10.4265/jmc.29.1_45","DOIUrl":"10.4265/jmc.29.1_45","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungal contamination in the indoor air of prefabricated temporary houses at the site of the Great East Japan Earthquake revealed extremely high levels compared to those found in conventional residences. We experimentally investigated fungal growth levels on different interior materials to support fungal overgrowth in prefabricated temporary houses. Three species each of allergenic fungi and invasive fungi observed in temporary housing were selected for inoculation tests with various interior materials. The experiments with fungal inoculation were conducted in conformance with standards for industrial products described in the Japanese\" JIS Z 2911:2018 Methods of test for fungus resistance\" with small modifications. After incubation, visual and stereomicroscopic assessments were performed to determine fungal growth levels. The viability of the fungi varied according to the interior material type. Our findings demonstrate the importance of antifungal measures in indoor environments and the need for additional research on the growth levels of fungal species on various interior materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":73831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microorganism control","volume":"29 1","pages":"45-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zy Chee Wong, Nur Amirah Mohamad Alwie, Leong Seng Lim, Motohiko Sano, Mohammad Tamrin Mohamad Lal
{"title":"Potential biocontrol for bacterial and viral disease treatment in aquaculture: a minireview.","authors":"Zy Chee Wong, Nur Amirah Mohamad Alwie, Leong Seng Lim, Motohiko Sano, Mohammad Tamrin Mohamad Lal","doi":"10.4265/jmc.29.3_99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4265/jmc.29.3_99","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aquaculture is part of the crucial industry that supplies food, especially for the global human population that is gradually increasing annually. Innovations of culture techniques have been improved throughout the years but aquaculture is regularly susceptible to bacterial and viral diseases. Numerous factors could contribute to occurrence of disease and usually they are from environmental or human stressors on the cultured animals. Synthetic chemicals in commercial treatments may yield fast results however, the side effects are usually unknown until it has taken effect. Therefore, biological control methods to treat diseases in aquaculture are preferred. This mini review provides an overview of different potential biocontrol practices for treatment of bacterial and viral diseases. Bacteriophage causes death of pathogenic bacteria by killing the cell and continue to multiply until all targeted pathogenic bacteria are eliminated. Probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic, biofloc, and immunostimulants are beneficial products from the respective organisms that are effective in inhibiting pathogens. Vaccines introduce inactivated pathogen into the body to stimulate the immune system, while genetic modifications involve alteration and selection of disease resistant genetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":73831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microorganism control","volume":"29 3","pages":"99-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142333902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tatsuya Nakayama, Michio Jinnai, Kairi Miyaji, Machika Saito, Natsuki Ohata, Takahiro Yamaguchi, Doan Tran Nguyen Minh, Oanh Nguyen Hoang, Hien LE Thi, Phong Ngo Thanh, Phuong Hoang Hoai, Phuc Nguyen DO, Chinh Dang VAN, Yuko Kumeda, Atsushi Hase
{"title":"High qnrS retention of ESBL-producing and mcr-harbouring colistin-resistant Escherichia coli in Vietnamese food products.","authors":"Tatsuya Nakayama, Michio Jinnai, Kairi Miyaji, Machika Saito, Natsuki Ohata, Takahiro Yamaguchi, Doan Tran Nguyen Minh, Oanh Nguyen Hoang, Hien LE Thi, Phong Ngo Thanh, Phuong Hoang Hoai, Phuc Nguyen DO, Chinh Dang VAN, Yuko Kumeda, Atsushi Hase","doi":"10.4265/jmc.29.3_121","DOIUrl":"10.4265/jmc.29.3_121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plasmid-mediated antibiotic-resistant bacteria's transmission is fatal and a major threat to public health. This study aimed to clarify the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance(PMQR)genes in extended-spectrum β-lactamase(ESBL)-producing or/and mcr-harbouring colistin(COL)-resistant Escherichia coli(ESBL-COL-EC)isolates from Vietnamese and Japanese chicken meat. Resistance towards ciprofloxacin(CIP)was examined in 308 ESBL-COL-EC isolates; CIP-resistant ESBL-COL-EC isolates were examined for the PMQR gene. Approximately, 71.1% and 38.1% of ESBL-COL-EC and ESBLproducing E. coli isolates from Vietnamese and Japanese chicken meat were CIP-resistant, respectively. Multiplex PCR led PMQR detection showed that 35.2% of CIP-resistant ESBL-COL-EC isolates from Vietnamese food contained PMQR gene, whereas CIP-resistant ESBL-COL-EC isolates from Japanese chicken meat did not. Conjugation assays showed that the transmission of qnrS gene carried by E. coli to Salmonella. In conclusion, ESBL-COL-EC isolates from Vietnamese food are associated with a high frequency of fluoroquinolone resistance and a high distribution of the qnrS gene.</p>","PeriodicalId":73831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microorganism control","volume":"29 3","pages":"121-126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142333901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antibacterial toner exhibits bactericidal effect against Cutibacterium acnes via keratin and sebum plug penetration.","authors":"Shoko Hamada, Yukio Nakamura, Mitsuhiro Gomi","doi":"10.4265/jmc.29.2_63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4265/jmc.29.2_63","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cutibacterium acnes is an opportunistic pathogen recognized as a contributing factor to acne vulgaris. The accumulation of keratin and sebum plugs in hair follicles facilitates C. acnes proliferation, leading to inflammatory acne. Although numerous antimicrobial cosmetic products for acne-prone skin are available, their efficacy is commonly evaluated against planktonic cells of C. acnes. Limited research has assessed the antimicrobial effects on microorganisms within keratin and sebum plugs. This study investigates whether an antibacterial toner can penetrate keratin and sebum plugs, exhibiting bactericidal effects against C. acnes. Scanning electron microscopy and next-generation sequencing analysis of the keratin and sebum plug suggest that C. acnes proliferate within the plug, predominantly in a biofilm-like morphology. To clarify the potential bactericidal effect of the antibacterial toner against C. acnes inside keratin and sebum plugs, we immersed the plugs in the toner, stained them with LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability Kit to visualize microorganism viability, and observed them using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results indicate that most microorganisms in the plugs were killed by the antibacterial toner. To quantitatively evaluate the bactericidal efficacy of the toner against C. acnes within keratin and sebum, we immersed an artificial plug with inoculated C. acnes type strain and an isolate collected from acne-prone skin into the toner and obtained viable cell counts. The number of the type strain and the isolate inside the artificial plug decreased by over 2.2 log and 1.2 log, respectively, showing that the antibacterial toner exhibits bactericidal effects against C. acnes via keratin and sebum plug penetration.</p>","PeriodicalId":73831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microorganism control","volume":"29 2","pages":"63-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Bacteremia Caused by Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in Minami Ibaraki Area, Japan.","authors":"Michie Uchida, Norihiko Terada, Kazuhito Saito, Hiroichi Ishikawa, Yasunori Funayama, Tsuyoshi Oishi, Hiroyuki Shinohara, Tsugio Ebihara, Yoko Kurihara, Shigemi Hitomi","doi":"10.4265/jmc.29.2_81","DOIUrl":"10.4265/jmc.29.2_81","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although recent propagation of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) has become a problem worldwide, the picture of CPE infection in Japan has not fully been elucidated. In this study, we examined clinical and microbiological characteristics of invasive CPE infection occurring at 8 hospitals in Minami Ibaraki Area between July 2001 to June 2017. Of 7294 Enterobacterales strains isolated from independent cases of bacteremia and/or meningitis, 10 (0.14%) were CPE (8 Enterobacter cloacae-complex, 1 Escherichia coli, and 1 Edwardsiella tarda), all of which had the bla<sub>IMP-1</sub> gene and susceptible to gentamicin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. These strains were isolated from 7 adult and 2 infant bacteremia (1 infant patient developed CPE bacteremia twice) after 2007. The most common portal of entry was intravenous catheters. All of the adult patients were recovered, while the infant patients eventually died. Genomic analyses showed that the 8 E. cloacae-complex strains were classified into 5 groups, each of which was exclusively detected in specific facilities at intervals of up to 3 years, suggesting persistent colonization in the facilities. This study showed that invasive CPE infection in the area was rare, caused by IMP-1-type CPE having susceptibility to various antibiotics, and nonfatal among adult patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":73831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microorganism control","volume":"29 2","pages":"81-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spore-DNA localization and extraction efficiencies of Bacillus subtilis for accurate results in quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.","authors":"Miyo Nakano","doi":"10.4265/jmc.29.1_9","DOIUrl":"10.4265/jmc.29.1_9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mechanical bead disruption is an efficient DNA extraction method from spore cells for subsequent quantification of the spore population by quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR). In this study, to validate spore DNA localization and extraction efficiencies, the fractionated DNA included the total DNA(tDNA)extracted from spore cells and intracellular(iDNA)and extracellular DNA(eDNA)extracted from fractionated spores through chemical decoating and alkaline lysis buffers, each followed by bead disruption. Furthermore, alkaline lysis buffer-treated spore cells were intensively washed three and five times after each centrifugation to determine how the amount of DNA is affected by repeated centrifugation. This process was achieved through fractionated spore pellet and suspension treatments with propidium monoazide xx(PMAxx)before mechanical bead disruption. Three fractionated and extracted DNAs were assessed with qPCR. The amount of eDNA was higher than that of iDNA, and closer to tDNA levels in the qPCR assay. These results indicted the following: 1)amount of eDNA was more than iDNA and responsible for majority of amount of tDNA through the combination method involving alkaline lysis buffer and bead disruption, 2)lysis buffer partially eliminated the eDNA fragments through multiple washing steps, but it was not largely independent of the number of times centrifugation was performed.</p>","PeriodicalId":73831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microorganism control","volume":"29 1","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shin-Ichi Miyoshi, Keita Amako, Mika Muraoka, Hiroko Morinaga, Saaya Ueba
{"title":"Mobile genetic elements associated with utilization of dichloromethane and methanol as energy sources in Cupriavidus metallidurans.","authors":"Shin-Ichi Miyoshi, Keita Amako, Mika Muraoka, Hiroko Morinaga, Saaya Ueba","doi":"10.4265/jmc.29.2_55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4265/jmc.29.2_55","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cupriavidus metallidurans strain PD11 isolated from laboratory waste drainage can use C1 compounds, such as dichloromethane (DCM) and methanol, as a sole carbon and energy source. However, strain CH34 (a type-strain) cannot grow in the medium supplemented with DCM. In the present study, we aimed to unravel the genetic elements underlying the utilization of C1 compounds by strain PD11. The genome subtraction approach indicated that only strain PD11 had several genes highly homologous to those of Herminiimonas arsenicoxydans strain ULPAs1. Moreover, a series of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the orthologs of H. arsenicoxydans genes and the comparative study of the genomes of three strains revealed that the 87.9 kb DNA fragment corresponding to HEAR1959 to HEAR2054 might be horizontally transferred to strain PD11. The 87.9 kb DNA fragment identified was found to contain three genes whose products were putatively involved in the metabolism of formaldehyde, a common intermediate of DCM and methanol. In addition, reverse transcription PCR analysis showed that all three genes were significantly expressed when strain PD11 was cultivated in the presence of DCM or methanol. These findings suggest that strain PD11 can effectively utilize the C1 compounds because of transfer of the mobile genetic elements from other bacterial species, for instance, from H. arsenicoxydans.</p>","PeriodicalId":73831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microorganism control","volume":"29 2","pages":"55-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reduction of Campylobacter jejuni contamination by using UVA-LED and sodium hypochlorite on the surface of chicken meat.","authors":"Junko Kido, Takaaki Shimohata, Mutsumi Aihara, Akari Tsunedomi, Sho Hatayama, Sachie Amano, Yuri Sato, Shiho Fukushima, Yuna Kanda, Aya Tentaku, Kai Ishida, Hitomi Iba, Yumi Harada, Takashi Uebanso, Kazuaki Mawatari, Masatake Akutagawa, Akira Takahashi","doi":"10.4265/jmc.29.2_91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4265/jmc.29.2_91","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Campylobacter jejuni causes gastroenteritis in humans and is a major concern in food safety. Commercially prepared chicken meats are frequently contaminated with C. jejuni, which is closely associated with the diffusion of intestinal contents in poultry processing plants. Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) is commonly used during chicken processing to prevent food poisoning; however, its antimicrobial activity is not effective in the organic-rich solutions. In this study, we investigated the potential of a new photo-disinfection system, UVA-LED, for the disinfection of C. jejuni-contaminated chicken surfaces. The data indicated that UVA irradiation significantly killed C. jejuni and that its killing ability was significantly facilitated in NaClO-treated chickens. Effective inactivation of C. jejuni was achieved using a combination of UVA and NaClO, even in the organic-rich condition. The results of this study show that synergistic disinfection using a combination of UVA and NaClO has potential beneficial effects in chicken processing systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":73831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microorganism control","volume":"29 2","pages":"91-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141332658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel sterilization method of Bacillus atrophaeus and Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores by low concentration chlorine dioxide gas.","authors":"Koushirou Sogawa, Hideaki Tagishi, Hideaki Kato, Takashi Shibata, Takanori Miura","doi":"10.4265/jmc.29.4_153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4265/jmc.29.4_153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chlorine dioxide (ClO<sub>2</sub>) is a powerful disinfectant widely regarded as a safe and effective hygienic agent in pharmaceutical plants and other manufacturing facilities that require sterility. However, the efficacy of low concentrations of ClO<sub>2</sub> gas on sterilizing spore-forming bacteria remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated the optimal conditions for disinfection of spore-forming bacteria with low concentrations of ClO<sub>2</sub> gas using biological indicators. The results showed that 0.05 ppmv (0.13 mg/m<sup>3</sup>) ClO<sub>2</sub> gas at 37±1℃, 86±2%RH sterilized Bacillus atrophaeus in 14 d and Geobacillus stearothermophilus in 28 d (>6 log<sub>10</sub> reductions). Based on these results, we propose that low concentrations of ClO<sub>2</sub> gas are useful for controlling contamination by spore-forming bacteria in aseptic facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":73831,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microorganism control","volume":"29 4","pages":"153-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}