Journal of medical research and innovation最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation Of Efficacy of Omeprazole versus Lansoprazole for Relief of Functional Dyspepsia: A Systematic Review","authors":"Shahnoor K. Gowani, D. Rana","doi":"10.32892/jmri.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32892/jmri.155","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Functional dyspepsia (FD) is defined as a condition chronically presenting symptoms centered in the upper abdomen, such as epigastric pain or discomfort, in the absence of any organic, systemic, or metabolic disease that is likely to explain the symptoms. Proton pump inhibitors are main line agents to treat functional Dyspepsia. Omeprazole is conventional PPI and Lansoprazole is a new PPI both are said to be effective option to treat functional dyspepsia in individual trials. \u0000Aim and Objective: To compare efficacy of Omeprazole versus Lansoprazole for Relief of Functional Dyspepsia. \u0000Methodology: All randomised control trials which follows PRISMA guidelines 2009 and in which Omeprazole and Lansoprazole were first compared with placebo for the treatment of functional dyspepsia. Clinical trial registries, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE database were searched for MeSH terms Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Placebo which resulted in the treatment of Functional Dyspepsia. Observational studies, Unpublished studies, RCTs not following PRISMA guidelines were excluded. Data was analyzed using RevMan version 5.3 ® and Odd’s Ratio was calculated to determine the difference in Early and late phases. Both Fixed and Random effect model was utilized to calculate the difference. To compare the difference between Omeprazole and Lansoprazole Fischer’s exact test was used. P value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. The I2 will be used to measure the heterogeneity between studies and a value >30.0 will be considered to reflect heterogeneity. \u0000Results: A total of 10 studies were included consisting of 3934 patients. Omeprazole was effective than placebo to treat functional dyspepsia(Odd’s ratio=1.603, CI=1.264 to 2.033, p value less than 0.01) Lansoprazole was also effective when compared to placebo to treat functional dyspepsia. (Odd’s ratio=0.748, CI=0.553 to 1.011, p=0.058). When Omeprazole was compared to lansoprazole indirectly statistically significant difference was seen (P=0.0001). \u0000Conclusion: Both Omeprazole and Lansoprazole are effective to treat functional dyspepsia when compared to placebo. Omeprazole is more effective than Lansoprazole to treat functional dyspepsia.","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46941225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing A Scale for Measuring Perfection Quotient (PQ) to Predict Readiness to Health Behavior Change","authors":"M. Sharma, A. Kanekar, R. Lakhan","doi":"10.15419/JMRI.130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15419/JMRI.130","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of perfection quotient (PQ) that imbibes the basics of intelligence quotient (IQ), emotional quotient (EQ), X quotient (XQ) and spiritual dimension has been proposed to measure readiness for individual-level health behavior change. PQ can be defined as a sum total of combined cognitive capacity, balanced emotions, desirable personality traits, and spiritual awareness to meet the best possible success of life goals. The present article reifies this concept into a practical scale that includes the concept of IQ implicitly by developing the scale at less than seventh-grade level. It explicitly operationalizes the concept of EQ through three constructs namely self-awareness, mood management, and self-motivation into a health emotional quotient (HEQ). It also operationalizes the concept of health X quotient (HXQ) through the constructs of cautiousness, independence, and competition with self.  Finally, it operationalizes the concept of health spiritual quotient (HSQ) through the constructs of self-love and love for others around oneself. The summation of HEQ, HXQ, and HSQ yields the PQ score which can range from 0-100 units. It is proposed that score of 0-25 units indicates needing improvement low perfection score; a score of 26-50 units indicates needing improvement small perfection score; a score of 51-75 units indicates moderate perfection score that can be better; a score of 76-100 units indicates high perfection score on the continuum and high readiness for health behavior change. The scale can be freely used by health behavior researchers while providing due credit.","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47768081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of Cytological Abnormalities in Pap's Smear in HIV Positive Women","authors":"Suhana Jotva, H. Desai, H. Goswami","doi":"10.15419/JMRI.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15419/JMRI.136","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and Objectives: The aim of present study is to estimate the frequency of abnormal PAP’s smears and mainly to detect precancerous and cancerous lesions as well as inflammatory lesions in HIV infected women. \u0000Methodology: Our study was a retrospective study of total 130 cases and PAP’s smears were examined in cytology section in Department of Pathology, BJ Medical College, Ahmedabad from 1st March 2017 to 31st August 2017. Both HIV positive and HIV negative patients were included in the study. 80 patients were HIV negative and 50 patients were HIV positive. The clinical history and relevant parameters were noted. All the smears were processed by a conventional method using Papanicolaou stain.  \u0000Results: Out of 130 cases, 118 cases were reported negative for intraepithelial lesions or malignancy (NILM). Five cases were positive for squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) out of which four were HIV positive. Seven cases were of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) out of which 5 were HIV positive. Three cases were showing bacterial vaginosis. 1 case was showing Trichomonas Vaginalis. 19 cases were showing changes of non-specific inflammation. 6 cases were showing atrophic changes.  \u0000Conclusion: HIV infected women are at more risk to develop cervical cytological abnormalities. The study revealed a maximum number of non-specific inflammatory smears followed by smears showing atrophic changes. Smears suspicious for malignancy (ASCUS) and smears showing squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) were more common in HIV positive patients. Thus regular PAP’s smears screening as recommended by National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) will help in early detection of cervical abnormalities in HIV positive women. ","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44462619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Determine the Relation Between Ankle-Brachial Index with Angiographic Stenosis and Major Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Patients With Suspected Coronary Artery Disease.","authors":"V. Agarwal, Tejas M. Patel, Sanjay Shah","doi":"10.15419/jmri.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15419/jmri.138","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and Objectives: Prevalence of low Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) in patients with Ischaemic Heart Disease. To compare the relationship between various physiological parameters like age, sex, and BMI with ABI. To compare the relationship between low ABI and number of coronaries involved. \u0000Methodology: Inclusion Criteria: All the 1423 patients aged 23-90 years including 1047 male and 376 female undergoing coronary angiography in VS hospital. Exclusion Criteria: Critically ill or who had severe limb ischemia or patients with amputation were excluded. Statistical analysis was done by using SPSS 20.0 version. Univariate analysis was performed by applying the Pearson chi-squared test. \u0000Results: In this study, 1423 patients were evaluated out of which 66 (4.6%) patients had ABI<0.9. Out of 66 patients with low ABI 60 (91%) were male and 6 (9%) were female, showing high prevalence in the male. In patients having low ABI shows 12 (18.2%) have SVD, 11(16.7%) have DVD, 26(39.4%) have TVD, comparing this with patients having normal ABI, shows P value of 0.035 which is significant. 411 patients were diabetic including 40 (60.6%) patients having low ABI and 371 (27.3%) patients having normal ABI, shows P value of 0.000 which is highly significant. \u0000Conclusion: ABI is helpful in identifying individuals at high risk of coronary involvement. Although the prevalence of low ABI in patients with IHD is 4.6% that is very low but is highly specific (91%). In patients with ischemic heart disease low ABI suggests the involvement of multivessel disease. Direct association between ABI and significant Coronary Artery Disease noted.","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49133813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis: Diagnosed and Undiagnosed as a Cause of Death","authors":"S. Gandhi, Pinal Shah","doi":"10.15419/JMRI.137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15419/JMRI.137","url":null,"abstract":"Aims and Objectives: This study has been conducted to find out the frequency of tuberculosis, histopathological pattern analysis of tuberculosis along with associated non-neoplastic changes and there role in the cause of death. \u0000Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional study is done based on a Histomorphological evaluation of 23 cases diagnosed at Department of Pathology, tertiary care hospital of south Gujarat from January 2017 to December 2017. We received the gross specimen of the lungs, heart, liver, kidney, spleen, and brain for post-mortem examination in all autopsy cases. We did gross pathological and histopathological analysis of all the autopsy cases sent for histopathology over a period of one year. \u0000Results: In the present study out of 656 autopsy cases, 23 cases (3.5 %) were of granulomatous inflammation. Mean age of diagnosis was found to be 38 years. Males (65.2%) were more affected than females. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in only 21.7 % of total 23 cases before death. Findings were found in the lung in all cases while spread to the liver, spleen, kidney, and brain was also observed. Zeihl Neelson stain showing the presence of Acid Fast Bacilli confirms the diagnosis of tuberculous inflammation in 91% of cases. \u0000Conclusion: Tuberculosis is not an uncommon finding at autopsy. The lack of diagnosis pre mortem might be attributable to either the presence of social stigma in some parts of the world that dissuades people from seeking timely medical assistance, or non-typical presentations of tuberculosis cases. Indeed, even autopsies potentially have a role in helping improve community health services.","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45712988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetarian Diet: A Boon or Bane for Health?","authors":"Varshil Mehta","doi":"10.15419/JMRI.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15419/JMRI.84","url":null,"abstract":"In recent times, there have been many scientific evidences which suggest that wholesome vegetarian diets offer significant advantages compared to diets containing meat and other foods of animal origin. The benefits ranges from lower intakes of cholesterol, saturated fats, animal proteins and higher intakes of dietary fiber, vitamin C and E, carotenoids, magnesium, folic acid,  and other phytochemicals. However, it is often said that vegetarian diet lacks the nutrients like vitamin B12, proteins, zinc, calcium etc., but if an “Appropriate diet with proper planning” involving supplements is consumed, these deficiencies will never exist. Through the present editorial, I would like to show few benefits of having a vegetarian meal. \u0000Keywords: Vegetarian diet, Benefits, Cardiovascular diseases, Cataracts, Kidney stones, Hyperlipidemia, Obesity.","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48080748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of New Risk Factors for causing Hypertension","authors":"Varshil Mehta","doi":"10.15419/JMRI.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15419/JMRI.4","url":null,"abstract":"The major risk factors which we have been hearing since decades for causing hypertension are high salt diet, obesity, hyperlipidaemia, age, race, consuming tobacco, sedentary lifestyle, stress, drinking too much alcohol etc. However, there are many studies which shows that sugar, fats and low vitamin d levels are equally responsible for causing hypertension. The article will put forward some interesting points to show that sugars, fats and vitamin d levels equally play an important role in causing hypertension.","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42928534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should Research be Made Compulsory in Medical School?","authors":"Varshil Mehta","doi":"10.15419/JMRI.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15419/JMRI.2","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare decision-making is mostly reliant on evidence–based medicine. Building and upgrading skills in scientific reasoning and thinking amongst medical students has now became an important part of medical education. But due to unforeseen reasons, medical students in developing countries have no or very little opportunities to develop research skills and become evidence based physician-scientist. Moreover, there is also an alarming decline in the current number of physician-scientists, which also threatens the progress of translational medicine in the upcoming era. The compulsion of research work in residency, has no doubt, increased the quantity, but the quality has subsided. The only way, to improve the quality of research and medical evidence based health care, is by inculcating various research programs in school and motivating the professors and subsequently, the medical students. Many schools around the world have started various research training programs and the results are astonishing. Hence we suggest, instead of making research compulsory, there should be a location and school based research program which can help in developing interest","PeriodicalId":73819,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical research and innovation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42983596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}