Advances in Polymer Technology最新文献

{"title":"Chemical Procedures for Paint Removal in Used Thermoplastics for Revalorization as a Raw Material in the Automotive Industry","authors":"Carla Zambrano Membrives,&nbsp;Pablo Tamarit,&nbsp;Ana Inés Fernandez,&nbsp;Camila Barreneche","doi":"10.1155/adv/8477994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/adv/8477994","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The recycling of thermoplastic polymers from end-of-life vehicles is crucial to achieve a circular economy within the sector and prevent the accumulation of plastic waste by reusing it. However, several challenges in these processes present difficulties, making it challenging or impossible to recycle these materials for the same applications, impeding the closure of the life cycle and valorization of waste. The primary problem faced by plastic converters is the presence of superficial paint. In this study, we evaluate the implementation of chemical methods with varying conditions to remove paint from used bumpers thermoformed with polypropylene, with the aim of valorizing the plastic waste from these bumpers. We examine the various process variables, such as reagent concentration, temperature, time, and pH. Additionally, we analyze procedures to quantify the paint content in the different recycled samples and use this as a tool to compare the effectiveness of different paint removal processes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7372,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Polymer Technology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/adv/8477994","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Neural Network (ANN)–Based Prediction Model of Demolding Force in Injection Molding Process","authors":"Oluwole Abiodun Raimi,&nbsp;Bong-Kee Lee","doi":"10.1155/adv/1528204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/adv/1528204","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN)–based method is presented to predict the experimental effective demolding forces (EDFs) produced during the injection molding of a polycarbonate polymer material. To evaluate the prediction accuracy and capability of the proposed method, three different algorithms, namely Levenberg–Marquardt (lm), BGFS quasi-Newton (bfg), and scale conjugate gradient (scg), were included in the proposed model. The generated models were validated by comparing the experimental and ANN results, which showed good quantitative agreement. The performance of the algorithms was evaluated using the <i>R</i>² and root mean square error (RMSE) values, which indicated that scg exhibited the best performance with an <i>R</i>² of 0.9655 and an RMSE of 0.0223. The relative contribution plot of the ANN models showed that packing pressure had a stronger influence than mold temperature, filling time, and melt temperature. These results will form the basis for predicting the EDF of a comparable molded part using ANN and will help to significantly improve the demolding properties of polymer materials.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7372,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Polymer Technology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/adv/1528204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars in Concrete Beams","authors":"Trupti Amit Kinjawadekar,&nbsp;Shantharam Patil,&nbsp;Gopinatha Nayak,&nbsp;Saish Kumar","doi":"10.1155/adv/6680051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/adv/6680051","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The use of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars is an innovative approach to replace traditional reinforcement of steel into concrete structures. GFRP bars provide notable benefits like corrosion resistance, electromagnetic neutrality, higher tensile stress by weight ratio, sustainability, and cost-effective construction reducing maintenance cost. However, challenges like brittleness, reduced ductility, and lower elastic modulus limit their practical applications. This research examines the flexural behavior of GFRP-reinforced concrete beams using experimental and numerical methods. Nonlinear finite element analysis (FEM) was performed in ABAQUS, employing a three-dimensional deformable model, concrete damage plasticity (CDP) theory, and detailed material properties for concrete, steel and GFRP. Four-point flexural load conditions were simulated, and mesh sensitive analysis was conducted to ensure model accuracy. Experimental results demonstrated that GFRP-reinforced beams had higher load-bearing capability, but wider cracks and larger deflections compared to steel-reinforced beams. Failure of flexural members primarily due to concrete crushing was observed. Numerical simulations closely exhibited experimental load deflection performance, stress distributions, and failure patterns with accuracy variation of ~10%–16%. This study highlights the potential of FEM for correctly simulating the performance of GFRP-reinforced concrete beams and comparing the numerical outcomes with experimental studies. It was observed that GFRP-reinforced beams had 20% more load-carrying capacity compared to steel-reinforced beams based on grade of concrete and size of reinforcement. Deflection values for GFRP-reinforced beams were higher compared to steel-reinforced beam leading to requirements for serviceability considerations. The outcome of the study exhibited the potential of GFRP as a superior reinforcing material for specific applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7372,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Polymer Technology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/adv/6680051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Composites With Modified Human Hair and Their Static and Dynamic Mechanical Properties","authors":"Honey Srivastava,&nbsp;Nidhi Nitin Parmekar,&nbsp;S. Pozhil,&nbsp;Sachin Waigaonkar,&nbsp;Rashmi Chauhan","doi":"10.1155/adv/2947844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/adv/2947844","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>In this work, the impact of using grafted hair as reinforcing agent for making composites has been studied and compared with composites using virgin hair. For this purpose, the composites have been prepared via compression molding using a thermoplastic resin, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), as matrix, and virgin or grafted human hair (HH), HH_act-<i>g</i>-PMMA_1.75, and HH_act-<i>g</i>-PMMA_2, with 56% and 78% of grafting percentages, respectively, were taken as reinforcement material, and their properties have been compared. The hair weight fractions in composites were varied from 15% to 60%. The SEM micrographs of the fractured surface of the tensile specimen of virgin HH-reinforced PMMA composites show hair pullouts. In contrast, in graft copolymer-reinforced PMMA composites, failure mainly occurs at the hair and not at the hair–matrix interface, showing better adhesion. This was supported by AFM images in which a decrease in surface roughness for grafted hair-reinforced composites was observed. The PMMA composites with grafted hairs showed improved mechanical properties than PMMA in contrast to composites with virgin hairs in which there was loss of tensile strength. On addition of 15% of HH_act-<i>g</i>-PMMA_1.75, the tensile strength raised by 21.86%, while in the case of HHact-<i>g</i>-PMMA_2 graft copolymer, the tensile strength was increased by 87.44% w.r.t virgin HH. The hair content up to 45% showed improvement in mechanical properties; however, further increase in hair content leads to a decrease in the mechanical strength. Dynamic analysis also showed an increase in storage (<i>E</i>′) and loss modulus (<i>E</i>′′), enhanced with the increase in hair concentration and reached the maximum for the 55:45::PMMA:hair ratio. The increase in <i>E</i>′ and <i>E</i>′′ was more when grafted hairs were used as the reinforcing agents. As compared to composites with virgin HH, an increase of 57–98% for <i>E</i>′ and 46–80% for <i>E</i>′′ was observed for composites with HH_act-<i>g</i>-PMMA_1.75. Similarly, for HH_act-<i>g</i>-PMMA_2 hairs, an increase of 49–102% in <i>E</i>′ and 45–98% for <i>E</i>′′ was observed. The present work thus shows that the use of grafted hairs results in the enhancement of adhesion of hair and matrix resulting in the improved properties.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7372,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Polymer Technology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/adv/2947844","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Compatibilizers on Impact Strength in Polycarbonate-Rich Blends With Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene","authors":"Rujun Dai,&nbsp;Yansheng Zuo,&nbsp;Lu Xu,&nbsp;Songsong Li","doi":"10.1155/adv/3241235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/adv/3241235","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Polycarbonate (PC)/acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) blends with no compatibilizers have been manufactured commercially and widely used for many applications for many years. Although most studies have shown that compatibilizers can improve the product performance of PC/ABS alloys, there are still different scholars who have demonstrated that compatibilizers do not have the expected effect. This study investigated the effects of various types of compatibilizers on properties such as the impact strength of PC/ABS alloys. To make rubber particles better mixed and achieve fine dispersion, a closed torque rheometer was used to make PC/ABS alloys. To avoid the influence of flow orientation on rubber particle dispersion during injection molding, test specimens were prepared using the mold pressing method. PC-rich alloys with no compatibilizer show the best performance in all trial samples. Maleic anhydride grafted ABS (ABS-g-MAH), synthesized by emulsion polymerization, could not enhance properties significantly as a compatibilizer. Methyl methacrylate–butadiene–styrene (MBS), which has the same rubber content as ABS powder, could not improve performance either. Sufficient rubbers well-dispersed in styrene/acrylonitrile (SAN) and PC content are key factors in influencing the performance in PC-rich blends.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7372,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Polymer Technology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/adv/3241235","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and Characterization of Strong Cation Exchange Agarose Beads: Influence of Crosslinking and Modeling of Performance Data","authors":"Katharina M. Thien,&nbsp;Patrick Adametz,&nbsp;Stella Weber,&nbsp;Florian Taft,&nbsp;Volkmar Thom","doi":"10.1155/adv/9672927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/adv/9672927","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Crosslinking agarose with bisoxiranes and epihalohydrins has been explored for years and is widely applied in the manufacturing of chromatography beads as industrial standard. Nevertheless, the effect on the molecular structure of agarose and the resulting consequences when used as chromatographic adsorber are poorly investigated. Agarose beads modified with 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (BDDE) and epichlorohydrin (ECH), respectively, were characterized regarding their pore size and diffusion coefficients. Modification with BDDE led to reduced pore sizes, whereas no influence could be observed when using ECH. After functionalization as cation exchanger, BDDE- and ECH-modified beads were analyzed among others regarding their binding capacity of lysozyme and γ-globulin. Therefore, the hypothesis of crosslinking-induced diffusion limitation, especially with BDDE, could be further strengthened. Finally, the data were described by calculating the static binding capacity and diffusion coefficient using a cubic grid model and Ogston model, respectively. Overall, those simplified models describe the data quite accurate, whereas the deviation of the model from the static binding capacity is 4% ± 17%, from the diffusion coefficient of the BDDE- or ECH-modified beads 1% ± 16% and from the effective diffusion coefficient of the further sulfonated and column packed beads 11% ± 27%.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7372,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Polymer Technology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/adv/9672927","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of a Broad Spectra of Membrane Morphologies Through a New NIPS Thermo-Kinetic Model","authors":"Marta Romay,&nbsp;Ane Urtiaga,&nbsp;Nazely Diban","doi":"10.1155/adv/4322238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/adv/4322238","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This work presents a novel semiempirical mathematical approach consisting of a coupled thermo-kinetic model as valuable tool for predicting the polymeric fraction profile of membranes synthesized by nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS). Equilibrium binodal curves (BCs) of the system component were incorporated to the Fick’s diffusive kinetic model allowing a satisfactory prediction of the tendency to develop symmetric or asymmetric porous membrane morphologies, as well as a fair quantification of average porous fraction profiles. The model was validated using two different ternary systems: (i) polycaprolactone (PCL)/N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP)/water (W) characteristic of instantaneous demixing (asymmetric finger-like porous cross-section morphology); and (ii) PCL/NMP/isopropanol (IPA) characteristic of delayed demixing (symmetric sponge-like cross-section morphology). The loading of graphene oxide (GO) in the quaternary system PCL/GO/NMP/IPA also gave rise to a sponge-like porosity, characteristic of delayed demixing systems, which was reasonably predicted by the coupled thermo-kinetic model developed in this study. In addition, a computational scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image processing methodology was developed to validate the thermo-kinetic model, resulting in an advantageous tool for that purpose. Overall, this work reveals the usefulness of the new thermo-kinetic mathematical approach as a facile computational tool for membrane manufacturers and researchers for a preliminary discrimination of component combinations in quaternary polymer/nanofiller/solvent/nonsolvent NIPS systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7372,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Polymer Technology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/adv/4322238","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143489765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obtaining Dialdehyde Carboxymethylcellulose Through Microwave Treatment","authors":"I. Sh. Goyibnazarov,&nbsp;Sh. A. Yuldoshov,&nbsp;A. A. Sarymsakov,&nbsp;Kh. E. Yunusov,&nbsp;S. S. Yarmatov,&nbsp;A. I. Shukurov,&nbsp;M. S. Bobomurodova,&nbsp;Yi Wan","doi":"10.1155/adv/9917563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/adv/9917563","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>In this study, we investigated the process of obtaining dialdehyde carboxymethylcellulose (DCMC) with a high molecular mass and aldehyde content (AC) through periodate oxidation under microwave irradiation. We examined the effects of periodate oxidation time, sodium periodate (NaIO₄) concentration, and pH value of the solution under microwave treatment on the molecular mass, aldehyde group content, and yield of DCMC. Optimal conditions for the periodate oxidation reaction under microwave irradiation (microwave power level set at 10% or 70 W) were identified as follows: a reaction time of 10 min, oxidant concentration of 2.5% (with a molar ratio of carboxymethylcellulose to NaIO₄ of 1:1), and pH of 3.5. Under these conditions, the oxidation degree of DCMC obtained by microwave treatment was 82%, with a molecular mass of 141 kDa, a polydispersity of 1.4%, and a product yield of 70%. The obtained samples were analyzed using a variety of methods including chemical analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, atomic force microscope (AFM), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7372,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Polymer Technology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/adv/9917563","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Polymer Additives on Improvement of Concrete Properties","authors":"Neila Ye. Bekturganova,&nbsp;Inna V. Kolesnikova","doi":"10.1155/adv/6235216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/adv/6235216","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This article presents a review of achievements in the research aimed at improving the main building material—concrete—along with its physical, mechanical, and operational properties. As is well known, in the near future, the role of concrete will continue to be primary in the construction of buildings and structures due to increasing demand. However, despite its advantages, this important building material is not without flaws. In particular, due to its porosity, concrete is highly permeable to liquids, making it insufficiently resistant to frost and corrosion and sometimes even brittle. At the same time, concrete mixtures used in modern construction must meet requirements such as good adhesive properties, improved waterproofing, high workability, retention of rheological characteristics over time, and the potential for increased strength. Today, the use of polymer additives as modifiers to improving concrete is particularly relevant. The purpose of this review is to examine recent advances in understanding the impact of polymer additives of both inorganic and organic nature on improving concrete properties. Continued research in the field of polymer modifiers and exploration of new research opportunities are for engineering advancements and the development of modern materials.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7372,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Polymer Technology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/adv/6235216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Bench to Clinic: Crosslinking Approaches for Next-Generation Collagen Fillers","authors":"Song-Yi Wu,&nbsp;Chen-Chi Tsai,&nbsp;Wei-Bor Tsai","doi":"10.1155/adv/3899983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/adv/3899983","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>With a deeper understanding of the aging process, injectable dermal fillers have revolutionized cosmetic dermatology and plastic surgery. These minimally invasive treatments address signs of aging, such as wrinkles, fine lines, and volume loss. The market for injectable dermal fillers expands yearly, with each product offering unique compositions that influence therapeutic outcomes, handling properties, and potential adverse effects. Fillers are generally classified into three major types: temporary, semi-permanent, and permanent. Temporary fillers, including hyaluronic acid (HA) and collagen (COL)-based options, provide reliable correction but typically have limited longevity. Semi-permanent and permanent fillers, made from synthetic materials like poly-L-lactic acid and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), offer extended durations of neocollagenesis. This review focuses specifically on COL-based fillers, discussing both FDA-approved products and those still in the research stage.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7372,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Polymer Technology","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/adv/3899983","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}