Journal of diabetes and clinical research最新文献

{"title":"Ephrin B1 Regulates Inflammatory Pathways in Retinal Müller Cells.","authors":"Li Liu, Youde Jiang, Mohamed Al-Shabrawey, Jena J Steinle","doi":"10.33696/diabetes.6.056","DOIUrl":"10.33696/diabetes.6.056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The role of inflammation has been accepted as a factor in the complications of diabetic retinopathy. Discovery of the upstream regulation of these inflammatory factors has remained a challenge. In this study, we explored the actions of ephrin B1 in retinal Müller cells and their actions on inflammatory proteins. We used diabetic human and mouse samples, as well as Müller cells in culture to measure ephrin B1 in Müller cells. We then generated Müller cell specific ephrin B1 knockout mice. We measure levels of key inflammatory proteins, including high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) pathway proteins in retinal lysates from the ephrin B1 floxed and ephrin B1 Müller cell specific knockout mice. Data show that ephrin B1 is significantly increased in the retina of diabetic humans and mice, as well as in Müller cells grown in high glucose. Elimination of ephrin B1 in mouse Müller cells led to a significant decline in all inflammatory proteins studied. In conclusion, a reduction in ephrin B1 in the diabetic retina may offer a new therapeutic modality for diabetic retinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":73706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10947218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140159749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Commentary on “Better TIR, HbA1c, and Less Hypoglycemia in Closed-loop Insulin System in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: A Meta-analysis”","authors":"Xiaojuan Jiao, Yunfeng Shen","doi":"10.33696/diabetes.4.055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/diabetes.4.055","url":null,"abstract":"Our team's previous meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of closed-loop insulin system (CLS) in non-pregnant individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). In this study, we aim to discuss the broader application of CLS in a more diverse population and address the current challenges and future development directions. Through a comprehensive review of relevant literature, our findings indicate that CLS not only effectively lowers glucose levels in T1DM patients but also demonstrates greater effectiveness and safety when utilized in pregnant women with T1DM, patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), those undergoing hemodialysis, or individuals requiring surgery. Recent studies have also explored the impact of CLS therapy on quality of life, neurological function, and C-peptide levels. Nevertheless, despite these promising results, CLS still encounters challenges in clinical practice, such as technological maturity, cost-effectiveness, and personalized treatment approaches. Therefore, further research and development of CLS technology are imperative to facilitate its broader adoption among diverse populations and address the current obstacles to its implementation.","PeriodicalId":73706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46177447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated Opioid Growth Factor Alters the Limbus in Type 1 Diabetic Rats.","authors":"Patricia J McLaughlin,&nbsp;Joseph W Sassani,&nbsp;David Diaz,&nbsp;Ian S Zagon","doi":"10.33696/diabetes.4.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/diabetes.4.054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ocular surface complications occur in more than 50% of individuals diagnosed with diabetes. The financial and health-related burden of diabetes is increasing annually. Several major ocular complications associated with diabetes involve the limbus. The vascular limbus, adjacent to the avascular cornea, is the source of circulating growth factors, elevated glucose, and cytokines for the cornea. The Opioid Growth Factor (OGF) - Opioid OGF Receptor (OGFr) axis is comprised of its effector peptide, OGF, [Met⁵]-enkephalin and the nuclear-associated receptor, OGFr, and has been demonstrated to be dysfunctional in diabetes with elevated serum and tissue levels of the inhibitory growth factor OGF recorded in corneal tissue. Little is known regarding the impact of OGF-OGFr axis dysregulation in diabetes on the functioning of the limbus constituents in support of corneal homeostasis. Adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were rendered hyperglycemic through intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (T1D); a subset of T1D rats received topical naltrexone (NTX) applied to the cornea and limbus daily for 8 weeks. At 4 and/or 8 weeks of hyperglycemia, different cohorts of animals were euthanized, eyes removed and processed for assessment of limbal morphology, expression of OGF, OGFr, cytokeratin 15, a marker for limbal cells, and Ki-67, a marker of proliferation. Limbal epithelial morphology (cell diameter, packing density) was altered in T1D male and female rats. OGF and OGFr were overexpressed in the limbus and CK15 expression was decreased, relative to normal control rats of the same sex. Blockade of the OGF- OGFr axis with NTX reversed limbal epithelial cell defects, and reduced OGF limbal tissue levels to those recorded in non-diabetic rats. In summary, OGF-OGFr axis dysregulation was observed in the limbus of T1D rats, contributing to the altered limbal morphology and delayed corneal surface healing observed in diabetic animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":73706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10254076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9629317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing m-Health and Digital Diabetes Apps in Clinical Pharmacy Education in Germany","authors":"","doi":"10.33696/diabetes.4.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/diabetes.4.051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48100082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Customized Artificial Pancreas System with Neural Network based Model Predictive Control for Type 1 Diabetic Rats","authors":"Omer Batuhan Kirilmaz, M. Mahdavi, H. Ko, H. F. Lee, Sarah Park, G. Kwon","doi":"10.33696/diabetes.4.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/diabetes.4.049","url":null,"abstract":"Omer Batuhan Kirilmaz1, Masoud Mahdavi1, Hoo Sang Ko1*, H. Felix Lee1, Sarah Park2, Guim Kwon3 1Department of Industrial Engineering, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA 2Research and Instructional Services, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA 3Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA *Correspondence should be addressed to Hoo Sang Ko; hko@siue.edu","PeriodicalId":73706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42082786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Emerging Target Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Management","authors":"Sónia Rocha, M. L. Corvo, E. Fernandes, M. Freitas","doi":"10.33696/diabetes.3.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/diabetes.3.048","url":null,"abstract":"Sónia Rocha1, M. Luísa Corvo2, Eduarda Fernandes1*, Marisa Freitas1* 1LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal 2Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal *Correspondence should be addressed to Marisa Freitas; marisafreitas@ff.up.pt, Eduarda Fernandes; egracas@ff.up.pt","PeriodicalId":73706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42196718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Diabetic Ocular Surface Complications and Dysregulation of the OGF-OGFr Pathway.","authors":"Ian S Zagon,&nbsp;Joseph W Sassani,&nbsp;Patricia J McLaughlin","doi":"10.33696/diabetes.4.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/diabetes.4.052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes is a chronic disorder that affects more than 500 million individuals worldwide. It is a life-long disease with complications that attack nearly all other systems within the body. Although there is a slight increase in the prevalence of diabetes in males, ocular surface complications are equally present in males and females.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This review provides a discussion on preclinical studies related to the dysregulation of a biological pathway that appears to be causally related to diabetic ocular surface complications including dry eye, delayed corneal epithelial healing, and decreased corneal sensitivity. Most basic science and clinical studies focus on male sex in animal models in order to avoid confounders related to hormonal cycling. However, with approximately 10.2% of all women in the US aged 18-44 being diagnosed with diabetes and nearly 4% additional women having undiagnosed disease, it is prudent to examine the onset of these dysregulations also in females and to note any sex-related differences in the timing of onset or severity of ocular surface complications.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Data from several well-controlled investigations have documented that female rats with type 1 diabetes develop ocular surface complications before male rats. In part, this finding may be due to the increase in the inhibitory peptide Opioid Growth Factor (OGF) that occurs within 2 weeks of the induction of hyperglycemia in female animals in comparison to the changes in OGF levels in male rats which occur at 4 weeks. It was noted that estrogen levels drop within weeks of induction of hyperglycemia and could serve as another marker for the onset of disease activity and/or its complications. Finally, insulin does not appear to protect against early changes in OGF levels or estrogen secretion in diabetic female rats, setting the stage for a distinction in the disease profile of diabetes between males and females. These data encourage further studies on both sexes in order to establish a complete understanding of the underlying pathologies associated with complications associated with diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":73706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9583621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40675126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colchicine in COVID-19 —The Colcorona Trial","authors":"P. L. D. Luz","doi":"10.33696/diabetes.3.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/diabetes.3.046","url":null,"abstract":"Colcorona was a multicenter, international study promoted by the Montreal Heart Institute, Canada, whose main objective was to test the effects of colchicine in non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19 [1]. So far, the majority of studies addressed hospitalized patients which is understandable since mortality occurs mainly among those individuals. The Colcorona, however, focused specifically in non-hospitalized patients because preventing hospitalization and death are important therapeutic targets. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 40 years, one or more risk factors, including arterial hypertension, heart failure, diabetes, coronary disease, fever, age ≥ 70 years or obesity. Diagnosis was based on positive PCR from nasal swab. Given restriction in PCR swab at beginning of the pandemic, a minority of patients were enrolled based on clinical criteria. The initial intention was to enroll 6,000 patients in a randomized, double-blind approach, comparing colchicine – 0.5 mg twice daily for the initial 3 days, followed by 0.5 mg daily for the following 27 days vs. a placebo. However, the study was terminated with 75% of enrollment for logistical reasons; thus 4,488 patients were included of whom 2,235 received colchicine and 2,253 the placebo [1].","PeriodicalId":73706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47592373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Recommendations for T2D Management: Beneficial Impact of Exerkines on Pancreatic ?-Cells Function and Glucose Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle","authors":"A. Langlois, Julie Vion, A. Dumond, M. Pinget, K. Bouzakri","doi":"10.33696/diabetes.3.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/diabetes.3.045","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, physical activity is strongly considered as an effective strategy in both preventing and treating type 2 diabetes (T2D) [1,2]. Indeed, it is well established that exercises improve β-cell insulin signaling, insulin secretion, prevent pancreatic β-cell failure and impacts glucose homeostasis regulation in T2D patients [3-8]. Moreover, exercise has clearly shown to improve the peripheral insulin sensitivity in T2D patients and to have a beneficial effect on insulin resistance [9-12]. The improvement of peripheral insulin sensitivity in T2D patients and the beneficial effect on insulin resistance by the exercise have been widely documented. For these Abstract","PeriodicalId":73706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46677164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysregulation of the OGF-OGFr pathway and associated diabetic complications.","authors":"P. McLaughlin, J. Sassani, I. Zagon","doi":"10.33696/diabetes.3.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33696/diabetes.3.041","url":null,"abstract":"Background\u0000Diabetes is a worldwide epidemic with more than 550 million individuals expected to be diagnosed with the disease by 2030. Complications associated with diabetes affect nearly all systems, but more than 54% of diabetic individuals have ocular surface disorders including keratopathy, dry eye or altered corneal surface sensitivity, and nearly 70% experience slow healing foot ulcers which if left untreated, can lead to amputation. There is new information regarding the underlying pathophysiology associated with these complications, as well as potential treatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000Aim\u0000This commentary assembles data on preclinical studies showing that corneal surface complications such as dry eye and sensitivity, as well as delayed epithelial wound healing in the cornea and skin in diabetic rats and mice, correlate with a dysregulation of the opioid growth factor (OGF)-opioid growth factor receptor (OGFr) regulatory axis. The peptide in this pathway, OGF, chemically termed [Met5]-enkephalin, is elevated in the serum of humans and animals with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The cause for this finding is unknown. However, there are studies that demonstrate that blockade of the interactions between OGF (or elevated levels of OGF) and its receptor can reverse and, in some cases, prevent the onset of diabetic corneal complications. Clinicians and healthcare workers need to recognize this fundamental pathophysiology leading to diabetic complications.\u0000\u0000\u0000Summary\u0000Dysfunction of the OGF-OGFr growth regulatory system plays a role in the development of ocular surface complications and delayed cutaneous wound healing complications in multiple animal models of both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Modulation of this system may hold promise for reversing or even preventing these diabetic complications in humans. Moreover, monitoring serum levels of OGF should be investigated as an indicator of the development of these and other diabetic complications.","PeriodicalId":73706,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and clinical research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47792246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}