Journal of clinical & experimental immunology最新文献

{"title":"A Novel Link between Early Life Allergen Exposure and Neuroimmune Development in Children.","authors":"Nataliya M Kushnir-Sukhov","doi":"10.33140/jcei.05.04.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.05.04.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>As COVID-19 unprecedented situation significantly increased the time families spend indoors, the awareness of unhealthy living conditions negatively impacting immune system and early neurodevelopment of children is of crucial importance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed unrelated cases of the children with confirmed multiple indoor allergen sensitization due to prolonged exposure to unhealthy indoor environment with infestation and water damage, who, in addition to multiple health problems related to allergy and asthma, also developed neuroimmune complications and growth delay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Documented early in life atypical neurologic and behavioral changes were common in all cases. Clinical analysis did not establish other causative reason aside from prenatal and early life exposure to unhealthy living conditions. <i>Alternaria Alternara</i> and <i>Penicillium</i>/<i>Aspergillus</i> molds were found in all homes and sensitization was confirmed in all cases. Significant similarities in the symptoms recorded in all three families led us to a hypothesis that, likely, a significant level of the immune response to external immunogenic pathological stimulus such as mold spore protein, mycotoxin protein, dust mite protein, decay-related volatile particles (VOC) skewed a balance of the neuroimmune interactions, and further affected neuronal network establishment. As all children exhibited significant spectrum of the systemic inflammatory conditions early in life, coupled with inability to follow normal neurodevelopment, we hypothesize that an overwhelming activation of the aggressive immune mechanisms by the epigenetic factors led to glia activation, cytokine storm and break of tolerance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We hypothesize that developing immune system exhibited aggressive responses due to environmental danger signals, subsequently TH-1 or TH-2 switch enables multiple clinical syndromes development with atypical presentation due to the described novel mechanism. An increased due to the COVID-19 lock-down may increase an amount of exposure of vulnerable people to indoor biological particles and volatile organic compounds present in unhealthy buildings. It is of crucial importance to identify and remediate indoor exposure factors that can decrease immune protection, especially against infectious pathogens such as novel coronavirus.</p>","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"5 4","pages":"188-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7654965/pdf/nihms-1635421.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38592204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corneal Endotheliitis Associated with a Methicillin Resistant Pyogenic Liver Abscess.","authors":"Christopher Schiefer,&nbsp;Samuel Asanad,&nbsp;Benjamin Rubin,&nbsp;Wuqaas M Munir,&nbsp;Osamah J Saeedi","doi":"10.33140/jcei.05.03.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.05.03.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endotheliitis is the inflammation of the corneal endothelium resulting in edema and subsequent loss of vision. Bacterial causes of corneal inflammation primarily of the epithelium with subsequent, secondary involvement of the endothelium have previously been described. Notably, however, there are no reports of isolated endotheliitis related to a bacterial pathogen. We report, for the first time, a case of corneal endotheliitis associated with a pyogenic liver abscess caused by methicillin resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA). Treatment targeting the underlying source of infection led to visual recovery in our patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"5 3","pages":"120-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7319184/pdf/nihms-1599364.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38094261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence between Saudis and Non-Saudis from 2013 to 2018 with a special concern about regions of the KSA","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.04.06.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.04.06.02","url":null,"abstract":"The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is one of the largest Arab countries with a moderate annual problem of tuberculosis that is either pulmonary or extra-pulmonary. TB is still one of the most significant health troubles in the KSA, affecting different nationalities (Saudis, non-Saudis), ages, provinces, and genders. The control of TB still faces some challenges in different provinces of the KSA. Data were collected, arranged, analyzed and presented in tables and figures. In this retrospective study, we appraised TB surveillance data for the period between 2013 (1434H) and 2018 (1439H). Data were handled using Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 23. Data were checked for normality using Shapiro-Wilk normality test at 0.05 levels to determine whether they are parametric or nonparametric. Chi-squared, Kruskal Wallis, and analysis of variance tests were used to evaluate trends at a significance level of p< 0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM-SPSS version 23 for Mac OS. We appraised TB surveillance data for the period between 2013 (1434H) and 2018 (1439H). The data included the region of the country (province), age, sex, and nationality (Saudis, non-Saudis). The study evaluated the impact of TB on various nationalities (Saudis and non-Saudis), age groups (0-14, 15-34, 35-55, more than 55 years old), and genders (males and females). Non-Saudis had a higher incidence rate than Saudis in 2013-2018. The number of cases and incidence rates of TB recorded in males between 2013 to 2018 were about two to three times greater than estimates for females. The Makkah, Riyadh, and Jeddah regions attract enormous numbers of non-Saudi migrant workers, who account for ~60% of all TB cases in the KSA. Assessing the main TB risk factors contributing to high TB rates in non-Saudi workers is essential. Furthermore, periodical accurate studies, including evidence-based studies for optimum surveillance, avoidance, spread risk, inspection, control procedures and treatment of TB, should be conducted. These assessments would lead to evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of KSA-NTP’s TB action plan.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"26 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77385202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiogram and Molecular Analysis of Clinical Bacteria Isolates from the Three Geographical Regions of Ondo State, Nigeria","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.04.06.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.04.06.01","url":null,"abstract":"This study shows diversified forms of multidrug resistant bacteria agents that were obtained from designated health facilities in Ondo State, Nigeria. One hundred and fifty (151) clinical bacteria isolates collected from designated hospitals in Ondo, Okitipupa, Owo and Akure were identified. From Ondo North (SSH, Ikare and FMC, Owo), Seventy (70) bacterial isolates were obtained and this includes 15 (21.4%) Gram +ve organisms consisting of Staphylococcus spp, Bacillus spp, Streptococcus spp, and Corynebacterium spp. While 55 (78.6%) of the isolates were Gram-ve of various species. In Ondo Central (SSH, Akure and Trauma Centre, Ondo), Sixty-five (65) bacterial isolates obtained comprises 16 (24.6%) Gram+ve species of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus only. While 49 (75.4%) were Gram-ve bacterial species. Similarly, Ondo South (SSH, Okitipupa), Thirty-three (33) bacterial isolates were obtained, 8 (24.2%) were Gram+ve of the species of Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Enterococcus. While 25 (75.8%) were Gram-ve of diverse species. Thirty two (32) of the 151 isolates subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test were extremely resistant to both the convectional antibiotic discs and the E-tests strips. These resistant strains were further identified molecularly with their plasmid profile studied. This is of epidemiological significance and shows the necessity to sort alternative therapy for these multiple antibiotic resistant strains and improve our health management services.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75240831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open Northeast Passage Record - NGC 40 New Global Warming Energy Source","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.04.05.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.04.05.01","url":null,"abstract":"In 2018 and 2019, the Arctic ice volume was increasing due to the reduction of SN1006 and V606 Aquilae heat delivering incoming\u0000debris stream particles or a decrease in strength. When the volume of ice on our planet was increasing in 2018-19, the planet\u0000was impacted by the new heat source of planetary nebula, PN, NGC 40. Currently the strength of PN NGC 40 is overcoming\u0000the loss of strength of the SN 1006 and V606 Aquilae and the Arctic ice volume started decreasing in March 2019. Particular\u0000longitude locations moving eastward from the initial impact point of PN NGC 40 show the effects of the PN NGC 40 hotspot\u0000passing over their locations. Shipping time through the Northeast Passage will increase for 2019 and for years thereafter. The\u0000ten-year measles outbreak that occurred from 1981 to 1991 will repeat for the period 2019 to 2029.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85956438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidation of Molecular Mechanism of the Nonopioid Β-Endorphin Action Using Synthetic Peptide TPLVTLFK","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.04.04.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.04.04.05","url":null,"abstract":"The review presents data on nonopioid action of β-endorphin and its synthetic fragment 12-19 (TPLVTLFK, octarphin), a selective agonist of a nonopioid β-endorphin receptor. Using tritium labeled octarphin, the receptor distribution in the body has been studied. It was discovered on immune cells (peritoneal macrophages, T and B-lymphocytes), endocrine (adrenal cortex, hypothalamus), cardiovascular (cardio myocytes) systems. Characteristics of the binding specificity showed that only unlabeled β-endorphin can displace the labeled octarphin from the complex with the receptor, the α-endorphin, γ-endorphin and enkephalins tested in parallel were inactive. The peptide was found to increase the activity of inducible NO-synthase (iNOS), soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and the content of cGMP in target cells. The results obtained suggest that the activating effect of octarphin and β-endorphin mediated through the nonopioid receptor is realized in the following way: increasing iNOS expression → increasing NO production → increasing sGC activity → increasing intracellular level of cGMP","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83694420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Preparation of New Purified Vero Cell Rabies Vaccine","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.04.04.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.04.04.04","url":null,"abstract":"Rabies is a 100% vaccine-preventable disease. A cheap, rabies vaccine for humans that could be used in mass vaccination\u0000campaigns would be a valuable weapon against rabies. Despite the existence of safe and effective vaccines, rabies disease\u0000still causes an estimated more human deaths a year in the endemic areas in Asia and Africa. Rabies virus is single stranded\u0000negative sense RNA from genus lyssavirus and _ family rhabdoviridae.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78947477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biostatistical Analysis on Chronic Disease Risk","authors":"B. Zhao, X. Jiang, J. Cao, K. Huang","doi":"10.33140/jcei.04.04.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.04.04.02","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Approximately one-third of all college students aged 18-29 were classified as overweight or obese, increasing their\u0000risk for chronic disease. Nutritional knowledge is an important first step to developing strategist to improve the food choices\u0000of college students and promote healthy lifestyle behaviors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the current\u0000nutritional knowledge of students enrolled in courses within the Human Performance and Leisure Studies (HPLS) Department\u0000at Hubei University of Technology (HBUT).\u0000Methods: Paper based surveys were used to administer the 56-question Nutritional Knowledge Questionnaire (NKQ) for students\u0000enrolled in HPLS courses in spring 2017.\u0000Results: Response rate was 65.6% (n=236). Gender distribution was equal among the surveyed students (45.3% male vs. 53.8%\u0000females). The majority reported majoring in sports science and fitness management (SSFM) (76.7%), were between 18-24 years\u0000old (86.9%) with a self-identified ethnic origin of Chinese Xinjiang person (89.8%). The average nutritional knowledge score\u0000was 49.2 +/- 9.8 or 44.8%. Knowledge of diet-disease relationship was higher in females (5.4 +/- 1.9) compared to males (4.8\u0000+/- 2.3), p = 0.03.\u0000Conclusion: In this study, we found a need to improve nutritional knowledge in college students enrolled in select HPLS courses\u0000in the spring of 2017 at HBUT. The findings highlight a gap in nutrition education and the opportunity to develop courses or\u0000programs aimed at healthful eating for students majoring in SSFM or attending HBUT.","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85071834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome of External Ventricular Drainage in Spontaneous Intracerebral\u0000Haemorrhage with Ventricular Extension in different GCS Score","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcei.04.03.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcei.04.03.05","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Intracerebral Haemorrhage (ICH) is a medical emergency of the highest degree with frequent early neurological\u0000deterioration or death. External ventricular drainage (EVD) is the procedure of choice for the treatment of spontaneous\u0000intracerebral haemorrhage with ventricular extension or blood within the ventricles, acute hydrocephalus and increased\u0000intracranial pressure in patients of intracerebral haemorrhage and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) with hydrocephalus and\u0000its sequelae.\u0000Objective: The aim and objective of this study was to predict the outcome of pre operative GCS following external ventricular\u0000drainage in spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage with ventricular extension.\u0000Method: In this was prospective observational studies, a total number of 60 cases were taken purposively for a period of July,\u00002015- March, 2017 diagnosed by CT scan of brain at Department of Neurosurgery, Dhaka Medical College Hospital. All the\u0000patients, fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were enrolled for the study. For assessing outcome of EVD in post operative\u0000patients and evaluating the efficacy of EVD surgery in follow ups. Glasgow Coma Scale and Glasgow Outcome Scale scoring\u0000method for patient assessment were used for outcome of EVD surgery.\u0000Result: A total of 60 patients were included in this study, age range was 45 to 86 years. Majority patients, 24 (40.0%) were from\u000061-70 years of age. The mean age was found 62.0±20. It was observed that 24 (40.00%) patients had GCS 5. GCS 6 was observed\u0000in 14(23.33%) patients. GCS 5 and 6 were not found post operatively in any cases. GCS 7 was observed in 14 (23.33%) cases.\u0000Whereas, GCS 8, 9, 10 were found in 11 (18.33%), 13 (21.66%), 10(16.66%) cases respectively and 4 cases were died on first\u0000post operative day. In most cases GCS level rose to 2 points. GOS at 7th POD died total 12 (20.00%) cases. It was observed\u0000that 48 (80.00%) patients were alive Moderate disability existed in 12(25.00%) cases. Again, severe disability and persistent\u0000vegetative cases observed in 14(29.16%), 9(18.75%) cases. Glasgow Outcome Scale at 3 months follow up of my study patients,\u0000it was observed that total died patients 16 (26.66%).\u0000Conclusion: According to my study, majority of the study patients survived following EVD in spontaneous ICH with ventricular\u0000extension but most cases was unfavorable outcome which was statistically","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86275597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Intraoperative Hypothermia Review of the Molecular Mechanisms of\u0000Action in Therapeutic Hypothermia","authors":"","doi":"10.33140/jcri.04.03.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33140/jcri.04.03.03","url":null,"abstract":"During surgery the patient may lose heat during and after surgery\u0000through the contribution of several factors: ambient temperature,\u0000cold fluid infusion, the position on the operating table, surgical\u0000skin preparation methods, type of surgery, conventional surgery\u0000or laparoscopy, and the loss increase of the heat by opening the\u0000serous cavities, thoracic or abdominal [1]. They add other factors,\u0000depending on patients: the elderly are more prone to heat loss,\u0000sex; women lose less heat, the existence of associated diseases, as\u0000peripheral vascular diseases, endocrine diseases, cachexia, physical\u0000constitution or presence of pregnancy. Temperature of the patient’s\u0000body lowers in relation to prolonged patient stay in a cool room of\u0000resuscitation. The heat loss of the skin tissue in the operating room\u0000is important and is expressed at approximately 100 W [2]. More\u0000important than the relationship between temperature of the operating\u0000room and patient’s skin, the microclimate, which is established\u0000between operators fields and patient. Another important factor is\u0000body surface area exposed having significant area reported at weight.\u0000Hypothermia is aggravated by cold fluid administration, abdominal\u0000or thoracic wounds. The use of cold solutions in urologic surgery\u0000exposes the central temperature drop, which is more marked if\u0000intervention is performed under epidural anesthesia [3]. In epidural\u0000anesthesia, hypothermia is due to redistribution of heat between\u0000the center and periphery, the thighs being established to intense\u0000vasodilatation and heat loss [4, 5]. All measures taken to prevent\u0000heat loss are important for prevention of coagulation disorders.\u0000Hypothermia reduces oxygen release in half, reducing the liver’s\u0000ability to metabolize citrate and lactic acid and cause arrhythmia.\u0000The existence of hypothermia in surgical patient reflects failure\u0000thermoregulatory mechanisms [1-3].","PeriodicalId":73657,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical & experimental immunology","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80635108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}