Journal of chemical health & safety最新文献

{"title":"The Gist of the List","authors":"Lauren Goulding*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.5c0007910.1021/acs.chas.5c00079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00079https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"32 3","pages":"206–208 206–208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sanitary-Gel Drying Kinetics: A Tool for the Assessment of Quality, Exposure to Ethanol Vapor, and Fire Risk during Storage and Transport","authors":"Daniel Prado-Elizondo,&nbsp;Adriana Fernández-Campos* and Julio F. Mata-Segreda,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.5c0002310.1021/acs.chas.5c00023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00023https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00023","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The quality of ethanol-based (EtOH) hand-sanitizing gels is of the utmost importance. The EtOH content needed for antiseptic action is defined by national or regional standards. A simple, noncostly methodology for the determination of EtOH content in gels is reported, based on the drying rate of gels at 50 °C and 87 kPa, determined by using affordable drying balances. This would be an asset for small manufacturing companies. A linear regression equation was obtained for the initial rate of evaporation of four EtOH–H₂O binary mixtures as a function of initial EtOH content (<i>r</i>_p = 0.9986), which was used as a benchmark for the determination of alcohol in gels. Agreement was found between the results obtained by this kinetic method in 19 commercial products provided by the Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Commerce of Costa Rica, and their results were obtained by gel distillation to dryness and further densimetric determination of the EtOH content in the distillate. The two sets of data agreed within a (5 ± 5) % mean absolute deviation. This kinetic method brings laboratory practicality and a cost-effective alternative for assuring the quality of this kind of product without the need for time-consuming sample preparation. It is understandable that laboratories that deem this kinetic methodology suitable for their needs must set their working conditions due to the variety of drying balances in the market. Gels evaporation rates are not only a matter of quality assessment but also useful as an index of fire risk during storage and exposure to EtOH in storage places.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"32 3","pages":"320–325 320–325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inherent Safety Economic Index for Route Selection in Process Design at the Preliminary Design Stage","authors":"Muhammad Arslan Jameel Malik,&nbsp;Muhammad Athar*,&nbsp;Azmi Mohd Shariff and Asim Umer,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0013610.1021/acs.chas.4c00136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00136https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00136","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Process safety is a systematic approach for hazard and risk management in process design. This approach includes inherent, passive, active, and procedural strategies. Process design has many stages, and inherent safety is more prominent at the preliminary design stage as the main decisions are made here in the process industry. As the chemical industry continues to evolve, the need for an inherently safer process has become gradually important and a significant gap of the economic approach is found in the inherent safety concept. Therefore, a new indexing method using the relative ranking concept is consolidated in this work and named as inherent safety economic index (ISEI) that evaluates and ranks process routes based on process, chemical, equipment, and economic aspects. ISEI provides a comprehensive score for each process route considering the above-mentioned aspects. The suggested index has been used to evaluate four routes to produce methyl methacrylate. From the obtained results, it is recognized that the tertiary butyl alcohol process route has the lowest score of ISEI, indicating it is a comparatively safer and economical route. This technique would assist design engineers in making necessary and critical decisions about process route selection for process design at the preliminary design stage regarding safety and economic considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"32 3","pages":"276–287 276–287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Multiple Chemical Sensitivity in Lebanon: A Cross-Sectional Study among the General Population Post Beirut Port Blast","authors":"Wissam Ghach,&nbsp;Sara Abou Ibrahim*,&nbsp;Mona Aridi,&nbsp;Jihan Safwan,&nbsp;Sahar T. Issa and Michael T. Issa,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0014310.1021/acs.chas.4c00143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00143https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00143","url":null,"abstract":"<p ><b>Background:</b> Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) is a complex and controversial syndrome characterized by heightened sensitivity to common chemicals, often resulting in debilitating symptoms affecting multiple organ systems. Growing evidence suggests that environmental pollutants, fragrances, and household chemicals contribute to MCS, making it a rising global public health concern. Despite this, no studies have assessed its prevalence in Lebanon, where large-scale chemical exposure occurred following the 2020 Beirut Port Blast. <b>Objectives:</b> To assess the prevalence of multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) syndrome and hypersensitivity symptoms among the public community in Lebanon. <b>Methods:</b> This cross-sectional study involved 720 persons residing in 8 Lebanese provinces and investigated chemical sensitivity using the validated tools: Quick Environmental Exposure and Sensitivity Inventory (QEESI) and the Environmental Hypersensitivity Symptom Inventory (EHSI). Cross-tabulation and Chi-Square analyses were used to investigate the association between MCS scales and sociodemographic variables. <b>Results:</b> The study showed a prevalence of MCS represented by chemical intolerance (CI: 35.6%), other intolerance (OI: 18.2%), severity symptoms (SS: 34.9%) and masking index (MI: 43.9%). Female gender, older age (50 years old and above), residing in urban areas, history of clinical diagnoses, and an experience of MCS after Beirut Port Blast were positively associated with MCS scales (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Community-based interventions and clinical studies are recommended to raise the public awareness regarding the MCS and the implications of chemical exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"32 3","pages":"288–296 288–296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Challenges to Solutions: A Cross-Cultural Perspective on Principal Investigator-Mode Laboratory Management Practices in China","authors":"Haifeng Xu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.5c0002910.1021/acs.chas.5c00029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00029https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00029","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The PI-mode research management system has gained prominence in Chinese academic and clinical research institutions, yet its implementation faces unique challenges shaped by cultural and regulatory contexts. Unlike Western counterparts, Chinese PI laboratories grapple with hierarchical ambiguities, insufficient institutional guidance, and cultural barriers to team cohesion. This commentary analyzes these challenges through a comparative lens, highlighting how China’s collectivist culture and centralized regulatory framework influence laboratory management practices. By integrating international best practices from other countries, actionable strategies are proposed to address structural inefficiencies, safety training gaps, and team dynamics. These insights aim to foster safer, more innovative research environments tailored to China’s evolving scientific landscape.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"32 3","pages":"209–212 209–212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Blood/Air Partition Coefficients of Paint Thinner Ingredients and Assessing Their Inhalation Exposure Hazards","authors":"Nishith Ghosh*,&nbsp;Pallavee Vitti Krushna,&nbsp;Jagdish D. Sharma and Alok Srivastava,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.5c0000310.1021/acs.chas.5c00003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00003https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00003","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Paint thinners constitute a large variety of volatile organic compounds that pose inhalation exposure hazards to painters. Blood/air partition coefficients (<i>K</i>_ba) of the volatile organic compounds play a vital role in health risk assessment following their exposure through the inhalation route. However, experimentally determined <i>K</i>_ba values of the thinner ingredients are very limited. Here, we estimated the <i>K</i>_ba for a wide range of thinner ingredients (78 compounds; across various chemical classes) using quantitative property-property relationship (QPPR) models. Nearly 50% of these compounds lack an occupational exposure limit, e.g., threshold limit value (TLV) recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH). Our results reveal that <i>K</i>_ba of hydrocarbons (log <i>K</i>_ba ranges from −0.56 to 3.48; with mean: 1.33 and median: 1.51) is comparatively lower than that of polar ingredients (log <i>K</i>_ba ranges from 0.92 to 4.37; with mean: 2.88 and median: 2.93). Among the hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons show higher values of <i>K</i>_ba than aliphatic hydrocarbons (log <i>K</i>_ba ranges from −0.56 to 1.56 for aliphatic vs. 1.17 to 3.48 for aromatic). Moreover, the molecular structure and chain length of aliphatic hydrocarbons are observed to have a strong influence on their <i>K</i>_ba values. Further, we estimated the respiratory absorption factor (RAF) of the thinner ingredients, which is a crucial parameter in determining the actual inhalation dose. Comparative analysis of the <i>K</i>_ba and RAF facilitated the identification of several compounds that pose potential inhalation exposure hazards, although these compounds lack a TLV. The findings of this study will be useful in selecting safer thinner products and implementing suitable environmental and workplace interventions, such as engineering and personal controls for hazardous thinner products, to minimize harmful chemical exposure to painters. Additionally, these findings will aid in prioritizing chemicals for experimental health risk assessment of paint ingredients.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"32 3","pages":"297–306 297–306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proactively Addressing Employee Well-Being to Foster Workplace Safety in a U.S. National Laboratory","authors":"Judi E. See,&nbsp;Eva Uribe and Christina Crawford*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.5c0003410.1021/acs.chas.5c00034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00034https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00034","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The daily conduct of high-risk, high-consequence work, by its very nature, can be mentally demanding. Research demonstrates that failure to manage or mitigate these demands can degrade psychological well-being and mental health. Degradations in employee well-being impact individual performance, jeopardizing safety and mission success in the workplace. This Commentary describes efforts taken at Sandia National Laboratories over the past eight years to evaluate, understand, learn from, and mitigate factors such as stress, burnout, work-life imbalances, and disengagement in the workplace that can degrade employee well-being. After evaluating these four facets of employee well-being, Sandia National Laboratories initiated several programs to address observations and outcomes, including the Thrive program, the Take 10 Initiative, work-life balance resources, employee resource groups such as the Sandia Parents Group, and Workplace Improvement Networks. Collectively, the intent of these programs is to ensure employee mental readiness to conduct hazardous high-risk work effectively and safely. Preliminary data suggest that these programs are succeeding. Other national laboratories and organizations, regardless of size, may wish to apply similar approaches to improve employee well-being and thereby increase the likelihood of mission success.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"32 3","pages":"213–222 213–222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the Toxic Range of Leakage and Diffusion in Buried High-Sulfur-Containing Natural Gas Pipelines","authors":"Fanxi Bu*,&nbsp;Yuheng He,&nbsp;Xingwang Wang,&nbsp;Qingxiu Lu,&nbsp;Zhuoran Lv and Chunmiao Leng,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0010710.1021/acs.chas.4c00107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00107https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00107","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The presence of hydrogen sulfide in sulfur-containing natural gas makes the pipeline more likely to corrode and perforate during pipeline transportation, especially under the harsh and hidden environmental conditions of buried pipelines. This paper analyzes the distribution characteristics of the leakage diffusion flow field of sulfur-containing natural gas pipelines under different conditions by numerical simulation and establishes the prediction model of the diffusion toxicity range of sulfur-containing natural gas based on multiple regression theory. The results show that the pressure value and velocity value of the leaking gas in soil increase with the increase of the leakage time. The ground toxic range (GTR) is 0.688 m when the leakage occurs for 5 min and increases to 1.749 m when the leakage occurs for 30 min, indicating that the longer the leakage time, the greater the potential poisoning risk. The maximum error and average error of the prediction model are 9.203 and 2.932%, respectively, indicating the accuracy of the prediction results. This study provides data support for the GTR of buried sulfur-bearing natural gas pipelines after leakage, guidance for pipeline leakage monitoring, and a basis for the dangerous range of pipeline repair operations.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"32 3","pages":"244–258 244–258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Of War and Peace, and Chemistry","authors":"Imee Su Martinez*,&nbsp; and ,&nbsp;Günter Povoden,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.5c0004410.1021/acs.chas.5c00044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00044https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00044","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Understanding the dual nature of chemistry and its related scientific discoveries and emerging technologies is central to the effective implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention. Human history spans thousands of years of chemical misuse in warfare, making chemicals a constant threat to human health and safety, particularly in conflict areas. The need to continuously assess and review new scientific research output and emerging technologies, both for the opportunities and the risks that they can provide, is essential in ensuring that sound and apolitical science advice is provided for policy-making related to chemical disarmament. Education on new knowledge and dissemination, hand-in-hand with developing a “chemical conscience” in our chemical practitioners, will minimize the risks and will aid in upholding the Convention.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"32 3","pages":"223–227 223–227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Accident to Improvement: A Case Study of Nitric Acid Splashing into Eyes During a Teaching Lab","authors":"Amaury Kasprowiak,&nbsp;Pierre Kulinski,&nbsp;Cindy Depecker,&nbsp;Francine Cazier-Dennin and Pierre-Edouard Danjou*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.5c0001310.1021/acs.chas.5c00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00013https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.5c00013","url":null,"abstract":"<p >During a laboratory session involving the acidic digestion of a soil sample for flame atomic absorption spectroscopy, a student sustained a near-miss eye injury due to a concentrated nitric acid splash following the detachment of the syringe and filter. The incident occurred during filtration of the digested solution containing concentrated nitric acid through a 0.45 μm syringe filter using a 10 mL Luer slip syringe. This report presents a detailed analysis of the incident using cause-tree methodology to identify contributing factors. The root cause analysis revealed a combination of procedural gaps (lack of specified syringe size and filtration of concentrated solution), inadequate technique (excessive pressure on the plunger and improper positioning at the fume hood), and suboptimal use of protective equipment. Based on these findings, staff implemented corrective actions, including protocol modifications (dilution of the acid prior to filtration, specification of a 1 mL syringe), enhanced training on proper filtration techniques and fume hood use, and procurement of improved safety goggles. This case study highlights the importance of well-designed and detailed procedures, proper training, and appropriate use of protective equipment in preventing laboratory accidents.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"32 3","pages":"236–240 236–240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}