Journal of chemical health & safety最新文献

{"title":"The Gist of the List","authors":"Lauren Goulding*, ","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0011210.1021/acs.chas.4c00112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00112https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"31 6","pages":"429–430 429–430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Review of Biomedical Waste Management for Future Pandemics: Pharmaceutical Perspective","authors":"Saloni Agarwal,&nbsp;Hiranmoy Saha,&nbsp;Swati Kaushik,&nbsp;Vaishali M. Patil and Saroj Verma*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0006710.1021/acs.chas.4c00067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00067https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00067","url":null,"abstract":"<p >During the pandemic, biomedical waste (BMW) management was reported as a global problem. World Health Organization has also stressed that COVID-19 resulted in the production of tens of thousands of tons of BMW. It includes waste from hospitals, research laboratories, pharmaceutical industry, etc., and among them, pharmaceutical waste has a major effect on the ecosystem. It includes waste generated during diagnosis, research activities, immunization, and treatment, such as vials, bottles, gloves, masks, needles, expired/unused/spilled/contaminated drugs, radioactive material, pharmacological waste, etc. Timely and precise management of BMW is a vital issue, and the present manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive overview of BMW with a major focus on pharmaceutical waste, their types, points of entry, and its management using pyrolysis, nanotechnologies, etc. Available guidelines and challenges associated with the management technologies have been reviewed, and we have proposed a practical framework suggesting the role of government agencies and the pharmaceutical industry and expected outcomes from the suggested techniques in stepwise manner. Besides various developments in the pharmaceutical field, there is requirement to develop and implement environmentally friendly approaches for BMW disposal to benefit the community.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"31 6","pages":"444–467 444–467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disaster Resource Management","authors":"Ya-Fan Lin,&nbsp;Yi-Hsin Liu* and Fun Man Fung*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0009910.1021/acs.chas.4c00099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00099https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00099","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"31 6","pages":"423–425 423–425"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acetaminophen Sorption Using Invasive Lantana camara Biochar toward Achieving Sustainable Development Goals","authors":"Jonathan S. Singsit,&nbsp;Abhishek Kumar Chaubey,&nbsp;Manvendra Patel and Dinesh Mohan*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0003610.1021/acs.chas.4c00036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00036https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00036","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p &gt;&lt;i&gt;Lantana camara&lt;/i&gt; L., or simply &lt;i&gt;Lantana&lt;/i&gt;, a widespread weed, was chosen to develop an eco-friendly biochar. &lt;i&gt;Lantana&lt;/i&gt; contains toxic compounds such as triterpenoids and alkaloids, which can cause skin irritation and allergic reactions. Ingesting &lt;i&gt;Lantana&lt;/i&gt; leaves can lead to severe symptoms, including nausea and liver damage. &lt;i&gt;Lantana&lt;/i&gt; pollen can exacerbate respiratory conditions like asthma. Effective management strategies are essential to mitigate these health risks. Pharmaceutical pollution is an emerging crisis in wastewater and even groundwater. This is exacerbated by the huge global consumption of pharmaceuticals. Converting &lt;i&gt;Lantana&lt;/i&gt; into biochar offers a solution that was tested for removing acetaminophen (ACM) as a model pharmaceutical compound, addressing both environmental and health concerns. &lt;i&gt;Lantana&lt;/i&gt; is globally ranked among the top 10 worst invasive species. In India, ∼132,000 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; of pasture lands and ∼303,607 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; of forest lands are colonized by &lt;i&gt;Lantana&lt;/i&gt;, making it a reliable biochar feedstock. &lt;i&gt;Lantana&lt;/i&gt; biochar (LB700) was produced through slow pyrolysis of dried &lt;i&gt;Lantana&lt;/i&gt; at 700 °C (ramp rate = 7 °C/min) and subsequently employed for aqueous ACM sorption. LB700 was characterized by its Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, morphology, functional groups, crystallinity, and elemental composition. Batch ACM sorption was performed to find the influence of pH, initial ACM concentration, LB700 dose, and temperature. Equilibrium sorption data were interpreted using Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, Toth, Redlich–Peterson, and Sips isotherm models, while kinetic data were analyzed using pseudo-first- and second-order rate equations. Maximum ACM adsorption (4.5 mg/g) occurred at pH 2 with 1.0 g/L of LB700 dose. ACM sorption drastically reduced after pH 8 due to electrostatic repulsion between deprotonated ACM and negatively charged LB700. Pseudo-second-order equation best-fitted with kinetic data (&lt;i&gt;R&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.91–0.97). A maximum Langmuir adsorption capacity of 13.2 mg/g was obtained at 40 °C. The spontaneity and endothermicity of the reaction were inferred from negative Δ&lt;i&gt;G&lt;/i&gt;° (−19.73 to −24 kJ/mol) and positive Δ&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;° (20.82 kJ/mol) values, respectively. The π–π stacking, H-bonding, van der Waals interactions, and pore diffusions are the dominant interactions. This study ingeniously addresses two pressing issues, &lt;i&gt;Lantana&lt;/i&gt; invasion and pharmaceutical wastewater management, by providing an alternative solution through large-scale conversion of &lt;i&gt;Lantana&lt;/i&gt; into biochar for treating pharmaceutical wastewater. Moreover, by converting &lt;i&gt;Lantana&lt;/i&gt; into biochar, it effectively mitigates the health effects associated with this invasive plant, ensuring the preservation of environmental health and safety. Furthermore, it emphasizes the paramount importance for pharmaceutical industries to proactively treat their effluents, thereby safeg","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"31 6","pages":"556–568 556–568"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Subtleties of Managing Laboratory Waste in 2024","authors":"Russ Phifer*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0004710.1021/acs.chas.4c00047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00047https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00047","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Chemical waste is generated by nearly every academic and industrial research laboratory. The regulations provide specific requirements for how waste should be handled. This presents challenges to laboratory facilities because of the wide range of small waste streams generated when working with laboratory quantities of chemicals. This paper will describe the requirements and suggest how to provide environmentally sound and economically sensible disposal practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"31 6","pages":"521–525 521–525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proceedings of the 2023 Laboratory Safety Workshop - Human Factors: Safety and Technology","authors":"Imke Schröder*,&nbsp; and ,&nbsp;Craig Merlic,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0009010.1021/acs.chas.4c00090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00090https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00090","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The 2023 Workshop on Laboratory Safety entitled “Human Factors: Safety and Technology” provided a comprehensive platform for researchers and safety professionals to explore innovative safety practices. The event featured sessions on AI, machine learning, and human factors in safety culture alongside interactive panel discussions and workgroup activities. Key presentations challenged traditional accident paradigms, emphasizing systemic approaches and the integration of AI in safety management. The integration of AI tools in safety systems holds promise to revolutionize risk assessment and accident prevention across various industries. These advanced technologies can process vast amounts of data to identify potential hazards, predict incidents, and recommend preventive measures with an unprecedented speed. However, human factor challenges can arise when operators become overly reliant on AI systems, potentially leading to complacency, a disregard of ethical considerations, or difficulties in judging the accuracy of the generated materials. The Workshop fostered collaboration through networking opportunities and highlighted the importance of leadership in safety improvements. The posthumous Safety Leadership Award to Eugene Ngai underscores his commitment to advancing research safety. Overall, the Workshop facilitated knowledge sharing and inspired future advancements in laboratory safety practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"31 6","pages":"438–443 438–443"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons Learned─Explosion and Fires Resulting from Quenching Lithium, Lithium Nitride, and Sodium","authors":"Imke Schröder,&nbsp;Christopher M. Kolodziej,&nbsp;Jose Antonio Moreno and Craig A. Merlic*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0006910.1021/acs.chas.4c00069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00069https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00069","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Alkali metals, including lithium, sodium, and potassium, are exceptionally reactive due to their pyrophoric water reactive behavior and are widely used in chemical research laboratories. They have also been the cause of numerous laboratory fires. Lithium metal even reacts with nitrogen gas to form highly reactive lithium nitride as a surface contaminant. Quenching of alkali metals and lithium nitride can follow the same protocol, but it is critical that the quenching be properly conducted to avoid fires. Improperly conducted quenches described herein resulted in significant fires with equipment damage but fortunately no personal injuries. In light of those events, a thorough discussion of quenching considerations, challenges, and protocols are followed by comprehensive and detailed guidance for quenching these reactive metals.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"31 6","pages":"473–481 473–481"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/epdf/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00069","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflections in Chemical Safety and Research: International Scholars’ Safety Conundrums","authors":"Wei Wang,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0009410.1021/acs.chas.4c00094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00094https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00094","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"31 6","pages":"426–428 426–428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Coal Spontaneous Combustion Gases on the Laminar Burning Velocity of the CH4/Air Premixed Flame","authors":"Fuchao Tian,&nbsp;Yuntao Liang,&nbsp;Mengmeng Luo,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;Wen Zeng and Yu Liu*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0005410.1021/acs.chas.4c00054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00054https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00054","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In order to investigate the effect of coal spontaneous combustion (CSC) gases such as CO, C₂H₄, C₂H₆, C₃H₈, C₂H₂, and H₂ on the laminar burning velocity (LBV) of the CH₄/air premixed flame, a constant volume chamber and a high-speed camera were used to measure the LBV of a 90% (in vol) CH₄ and 10% CSC gas mixed fuel at an initial temperature of 300 K and over a wide equivalence ratio range from 0.7 to 1.3. Results show that the addition of all the CSC gases increases the LBV of CH₄. Among all CSC gases, the CH₄/C₂H₂ mixed fuel has the highest LBV, and the CH₄/CO mixed fuel has the lowest LBV. With the addition of three typical stages of CSC gases, the LBV of CH₄ was significantly enhanced. Based on the reaction path, mole fraction, and rate of production analysis, it is found that the addition of CSC gases in Stage 2 can increase the concentration of C₂H₅ and the consumption rate in the CH₃–C₂H₆–C₂H₅ path, which is different from Stages 1 and 3. In addition, all the concentrations of H, O, and OH free radicals increase with the addition of three typical stages of CSC gases.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"31 6","pages":"526–539 526–539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Workers’ Personal Exposure to Metalworking Fluid Aerosols in an Automotive Parts Manufacturing Facility and Their Health Outcomes","authors":"Xiaodan Xu,&nbsp;Peng Zhou,&nbsp;Na Li,&nbsp;Yezhong Yang,&nbsp;Hongru Gu,&nbsp;Baoli Zhu,&nbsp;Xin Liu* and Lei Han*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acs.chas.4c0005810.1021/acs.chas.4c00058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00058https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chas.4c00058","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This project describes the external exposure levels of metalworking fluid (MWF) in an automobile parts manufacturing factory and analyzes the health effects of MWF on workers so as to provide a scientific basis for optimizing the MWF testing process and evaluating occupational hazards. MWF in the air of the workplace was collected according to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health’ analysis method (NIOSH 5524). The mass concentrations of MWF total aerosols and extracted aerosols were determined by weighing and binary or ternary solvent extraction. The quantitative relationship between them was analyzed. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to establish the group of subjects. Demographic information, allergic diseases, and clinical laboratory indicators were collected through questionnaire and health examination data, and the health effects of MWF were assessed. Personal sampling of 38 workers in three posts was carried out using a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter. The arithmetic means of concentration of total aerosols was 0.43(0.13–1.02) mg/m³, and the extractable aerosols concentration was 0.23(0.05–0.55) mg/m³. There was a significant correlation between total and extractable aerosol levels, and a linear regression equation was established: <i>Y</i> = 0.469<i>X</i> + 0.024 (<i>X</i> is the total aerosols concentration, <i>Y</i> is the extracted aerosols concentration). There was no significant difference in blood routine, liver function, or other biochemical results or indicators between the exposed workers and controls (<i>P</i> &gt; 0.05). The clear linear relationship between concentrations of aerosols indicates that the extracted aerosols level can be reasonably inferred from the total aerosols. Under the circumstances investigated in this project, MWF exposure did not induce significant adverse health effects, as evidenced by the results of occupational medical examination.</p>","PeriodicalId":73648,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chemical health & safety","volume":"31 6","pages":"540–547 540–547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142694643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}