Advances in neurobiology最新文献_第9页

Evolution of Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions Across Species. 星形胶质细胞-神经元跨物种相互作用的进化

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-64839-7_1

Caterina Ciani, Maria Ayub, Carmen Falcone

{"title":"Evolution of Astrocyte-Neuron Interactions Across Species.","authors":"Caterina Ciani, Maria Ayub, Carmen Falcone","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-64839-7_1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-64839-7_1","url":null,"abstract":"Proper functioning of the central nervous system depends on various tightly regulated phenomena, among which astrocyte-neuron interactions are of critical importance. Various studies across the species have highlighted the diverse yet crucial roles of astrocytes in regulating the nervous system development and functions. In simpler organisms like worms or insects, astrocyte-like cells govern basic functions such as structural support to neurons or regulation of extracellular ions. As the species complexity increases, so does the functional and morphological complexity of astrocytes. For example, in fish and amphibians, these cells are involved in synaptic development and ion homeostasis, while in reptiles and birds, astrocytes regulate synaptic transmission and plasticity and are reported to be involved in complex behaviors. Other species like those belonging to mammals and, in particular, primates have a heterogeneous population of astrocytes, exhibiting region-specific functional properties. In primates, these cells are responsible for proper synaptic transmission, neurotransmitter release and metabolism, and higher cognitive functions like learning, memory, or information processing. This chapter highlights the well-established and somewhat conserved roles of astrocytes and astrocyte-neuron interactions across the evolution of both invertebrates and vertebrates.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"39 ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142071749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adult Neurogenesis, Learning and Memory. 成人神经发生、学习和记忆。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_13

Eva Šimončičová, Keelin Henderson Pekarik, Haley A Vecchiarelli, Clotilde Lauro, Laura Maggi, Marie-Ève Tremblay

{"title":"Adult Neurogenesis, Learning and Memory.","authors":"Eva Šimončičová, Keelin Henderson Pekarik, Haley A Vecchiarelli, Clotilde Lauro, Laura Maggi, Marie-Ève Tremblay","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-55529-9_13","url":null,"abstract":"Neural plasticity can be defined as the ability of neural circuits to be shaped by external and internal factors. It provides the brain with a capacity for functional and morphological remodelling, with many lines of evidence indicating that these changes are vital for learning and memory formation. The basis of this brain plasticity resides in activity- and experience-driven modifications of synaptic strength, including synaptic formation, elimination or weakening, as well as of modulation of neuronal population, which drive the structural reorganization of neural networks. Recent evidence indicates that brain-resident glial cells actively participate in these processes, suggesting that mechanisms underlying plasticity in the brain are multifaceted. Establishing the 'tripartite' synapse, the role of astrocytes in modulating synaptic transmission in response to neuronal activity was recognized first. Further redefinition of the synapse as 'quad-partite' followed to acknowledge the contribution of microglia which were revealed to affect numerous brain functions via dynamic interactions with synapses, acting as 'synaptic sensors' that respond to neuronal activity and neurotransmitter release, as well as crosstalk with astrocytes. Early studies identified microglial ability to dynamically survey their local brain environment and established their integral role in the active interfacing of environmental stimuli (both internal and external), with brain plasticity and remodelling. Following the introduction to neurogenesis, this chapter details the role that microglia play in regulating neurogenesis in adulthood, specifically as it relates to learning and memory, as well as factors involved in modulation of microglia. Further, a microglial perspective is introduced for the context of environmental enrichment impact on neurogenesis, learning and memory across states of stress, ageing, disease and injury.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"37 ","pages":"221-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Models, Therapeutics, and Outcomes. 小儿创伤性脑损伤：模型、治疗和结果。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-69832-3_7

Eleni H Moschonas, Ellen M Annas, Jonathan Zamudio-Flores, Jessica M Jarvis, Naima Lajud, Corina O Bondi, Anthony E Kline

{"title":"Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Models, Therapeutics, and Outcomes.","authors":"Eleni H Moschonas, Ellen M Annas, Jonathan Zamudio-Flores, Jessica M Jarvis, Naima Lajud, Corina O Bondi, Anthony E Kline","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-69832-3_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69832-3_7","url":null,"abstract":"Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant healthcare issue, but potential treatments are absent despite robust investigation in several clinical trials. Factors attributed to clinical TBI, such as heterogeneity of injury and single-dose pharmacological treatments as well as timing of administration, may be reasons for the negative studies. Preclinical models of TBI can reduce some of the impediments by highlighting differences in injury depending on injury severity and location and by conducting dose response studies, thus providing better therapeutic targets and pharmacological profiles for clinical use. In this chapter, there were sufficient reports to make comparisons between the models in terms of pathophysiology, behavioral dysfunction, and the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. The models used to date include controlled cortical impact (CCI), weight drop, fluid percussion, and abusive head trauma. Several therapeutics were identified after CCI injury but none in the other models, which underscores the need for studies evaluating the therapies reported after CCI injury as well as novel potential approaches.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"42 ","pages":"147-163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142455764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dementia and Depression Among Older Adults Following Traumatic Brain Injury. 脑外伤后老年人的痴呆症和抑郁症。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-69832-3_5

Mira H Ghneim, Meaghan Broderick, Deborah M Stein

引用次数: 0

Engrams of Fear Memory Attenuation. 恐惧记忆衰减的刻痕

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62983-9_9

Johannes Gräff

{"title":"Engrams of Fear Memory Attenuation.","authors":"Johannes Gräff","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-62983-9_9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-62983-9_9","url":null,"abstract":"Fear attenuation is an etiologically relevant process for animal survival, since once acquired information needs to be continuously updated in the face of changing environmental contingencies. Thus, when situations are encountered that were originally perceived as fearful but are no longer so, fear must be attenuated, otherwise, it risks becoming maladaptive. But what happens to the original memory trace of fear during fear attenuation? In this chapter, we review the studies that have started to approach this question from an engram perspective. We find evidence pointing to both the original memory trace of fear being suppressed, as well as it being updated towards safety. These seemingly conflicting results reflect a well-established dichotomy in the field of fear memory attenuation, namely whether fear attenuation is mediated by an inhibitory mechanism that suppresses fear expression, called extinction, or by an updating mechanism that allows the fear memory to reconsolidate in a different form, called reconsolidation-updating. Which of these scenarios takes the upper hand is ultimately influenced by the behavioral paradigms used to induce fear attenuation, but is an important area for further study as the precise cell populations underlying fear attenuation and the molecular mechanisms therein can now be understood at unprecedented resolution.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"38 ","pages":"149-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141615640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adult Neurogenesis, Context Encoding, and Pattern Separation: A Pathway for Treating Overgeneralization. 成人神经发生、情境编码和模式分离：治疗过度概括的途径

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62983-9_10

Wei-Li Chang, Rene Hen

{"title":"Adult Neurogenesis, Context Encoding, and Pattern Separation: A Pathway for Treating Overgeneralization.","authors":"Wei-Li Chang, Rene Hen","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-62983-9_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-62983-9_10","url":null,"abstract":"In mammals, the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus is one of two brain regions (with the subventricular zone of the olfactory bulb) that continues to generate new neurons throughout adulthood, a phenomenon known as adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) (Eriksson et al., Nat Med 4:1313-1317, 1998; García-Verdugo et al., J Neurobiol 36:234-248, 1998). The integration of these new neurons into the dentate gyrus (DG) has implications for memory encoding, with unique firing and wiring properties of immature neurons that affect how the hippocampal network encodes and stores attributes of memory. In this chapter, we will describe the process of AHN and properties of adult-born cells as they integrate into the hippocampal circuit and mature. Then, we will discuss some methodological considerations before we review evidence for the role of AHN in two major processes supporting memory that are performed by the DG. First, we will discuss encoding of contextual information for episodic memories and how this is facilitated by AHN. Second, will discuss pattern separation, a major role of the DG that reduces interference for the formation of new memories. Finally, we will review clinical and translational considerations, suggesting that stimulation of AHN may help decrease overgeneralization-a common endophenotype of mood, anxiety, trauma-related, and age-related disorders.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"38 ","pages":"163-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141615623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of Endogenous Opioids in the Pathophysiology of Obesity and Eating Disorders. 内源性阿片类药物在肥胖症和饮食失调病理生理学中的作用。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45493-6_17

Sylvana Stephano Zuniga, Marcela Rodriguez Flores, Adriana Albu

引用次数: 0

Pain, Fear, Anxiety, and Stress: Relations to the Endogenous Opioid System. 疼痛、恐惧、焦虑和压力：与内源性阿片系统的关系。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45493-6_9

Nicholas J Felicione, Melissa D Blank, Casey D Wright, Daniel W McNeil

引用次数: 0

Multilayer Analysis of RNA Sequencing Data in Alzheimer's Disease to Unravel Molecular Mysteries. 多层分析阿尔茨海默病的 RNA 测序数据，揭开分子奥秘。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-69188-1_9

Dilara Uzuner, Atılay İlgün, Elif Düz, Fatma Betül Bozkurt, Tunahan Çakır

引用次数: 0

Alzheimer's Disease from Modeling to Mechanism Research. 阿尔茨海默病从模型到机制研究。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-69188-1_7

Xiaoyan Sun, Weiqi Zhang

引用次数: 0