Advances in neurobiology最新文献_第8页

Biomarkers for Cognitive Control, Response Inhibition, Aggressivity, Impulsivity, and Violence. 认知控制、反应抑制、攻击性、冲动性和暴力的生物标志物。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-69491-2_24

Matthew J Hoptman, Ragy R Girgis, Daniel C Javitt

{"title":"Biomarkers for Cognitive Control, Response Inhibition, Aggressivity, Impulsivity, and Violence.","authors":"Matthew J Hoptman, Ragy R Girgis, Daniel C Javitt","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-69491-2_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69491-2_24","url":null,"abstract":"Deficits in cognitive control contribute to behavioral impairments across neuropsychiatric disorders. Cognitive control is captured as a construct in the Research Domain Construct (RDoC) matrix and incorporate subdomains of goal selection, response selection, and performance monitoring. Relevant tasks for these subdomains include the \"AX\" version of the continuous performance task (goal selection) and the Go/NoGo and Stop-Signal reaction time tasks (response selection). Underlying mechanisms for these domains have been investigated intensively using fMRI and event-related potential (ERP) approaches, which provide candidate biomarkers for translational research. In RDoC, impulsive behaviors are provisionally assigned to the cognitive control/response selection construct, but other factors may also contribute. Impulsivity has gained increased importance over recent years due to its link to aggression and suicidality, which is mediated especially through the constructs of urgency and frustrative nonreward. These constructs, in turn, may be captured through scales such as the Urgency, (Lack of) Premeditation, (Lack of) Perseverance, and Sensation Seeking (UPPS-P) impulsivity scale and the Point Subtraction Aggression Paradigm (PSAP), respectively. At present, no validated biomarkers exist for either urgency or aggressivity. Potential directions for the development of predictive biomarkers for both targets are discussed.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"40 ","pages":"725-756"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142674891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial Omics: Navigating Neuroscience Research into the New Era. 空间 Omics：引领神经科学研究进入新时代。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-69188-1_6

Pengfei Guo, Yanxiang Deng

{"title":"Spatial Omics: Navigating Neuroscience Research into the New Era.","authors":"Pengfei Guo, Yanxiang Deng","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-69188-1_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69188-1_6","url":null,"abstract":"The human brain's complexity is underpinned by billions of neurons and trillions of synapses, necessitating coordinated activities across diverse cell types. Conventional techniques like in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, while valuable, face limitations in resolution and comprehensiveness when analyzing neuron types. Advances in spatial omics technologies, especially those integrating transcriptomics and proteomics, have revolutionized our understanding of brain tissue organization. These technologies, such as FISH-based, in situ sequencing-based (ISS), and next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based methods, provide detailed spatial context, overcoming previous limitations. FISH techniques, including smFISH and its variants like seqFISH and MERFISH, offer high-resolution spatial gene expression data. ISS approaches leverage padlock probes and rolling circle amplification to yield spatial transcriptome information. NGS-based methods, such as spatial transcriptomics and spatial-epigenomics, integrate spatial barcodes with single-cell sequencing, enabling comprehensive profiling of gene expression and epigenetic states in tissues. These innovations have propelled insights into neural development and disease, identifying cellular heterogeneity and molecular alterations in conditions like Alzheimer's and major depression. Despite challenges in cost, speed, and data analysis, spatial omics technologies continue to evolve, promising deeper insights into the molecular mechanisms of the brain and neurodegenerative diseases.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"41 ","pages":"133-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive and Neural Representations of Fractals in Vision, Music, and Action. 视觉、音乐和动作中分形的认知和神经表征。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_46

Mauricio de Jesus Dias Martins

{"title":"Cognitive and Neural Representations of Fractals in Vision, Music, and Action.","authors":"Mauricio de Jesus Dias Martins","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_46","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_46","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of fractal was popularized by Mandelbrot as a tool to tame the geometrical structure of objects with infinite hierarchical depth. The key aspect of fractals is the use of simple parsimonious rules and initial conditions, which when applied recursively can generate unbounded complexity. Fractals are structures ubiquitous in nature, being present in coast lines, bacteria colonies, trees, and physiological time series. However, within the field of cognitive science, the core question is not which phenomena can generate fractal structures, but whether human or animal minds can represent recursive processes, and if so in which domains. In this chapter, we will explore the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying the representation of recursive hierarchical embedding. Language is the domain in which this capacity is best studied. Humans can generate an infinite array of hierarchically structured sentences, and this capacity distinguishes us from other species. However, recent research suggests that humans can represent similar structures in the domains of music, vision, and action and has provided additional cues as to how these capacities are cognitively implemented. Using a comparative approach, we will map the commonalities and differences across domains and offer a roadmap to understand the neurobiological implementation of fractal cognition.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"36 ","pages":"935-951"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140100775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fractal Dimension Studies of the Brain Shape in Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases. 衰老和神经退行性疾病中大脑形状的分形维度研究。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_17

Jennilee M Davidson, Luduan Zhang, Guang H Yue, Antonio Di Ieva

{"title":"Fractal Dimension Studies of the Brain Shape in Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases.","authors":"Jennilee M Davidson, Luduan Zhang, Guang H Yue, Antonio Di Ieva","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_17","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_17","url":null,"abstract":"The fractal dimension is a morphometric measure that has been used to investigate the changes of brain shape complexity in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. This chapter reviews fractal dimension studies in aging and neurodegenerative disorders in the literature. Research has shown that the fractal dimension of the left cerebral hemisphere increases until adolescence and then decreases with aging, while the fractal dimension of the right hemisphere continues to increase until adulthood. Studies in neurodegenerative diseases demonstrated a decline in the fractal dimension of the gray matter and white matter in Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and spinocerebellar ataxia. In multiple sclerosis, the white matter fractal dimension decreases, but conversely, the fractal dimension of the gray matter increases at specific stages of disease. There is also a decline in the gray matter fractal dimension in frontotemporal dementia and multiple system atrophy of the cerebellar type and in the white matter fractal dimension in epilepsy and stroke. Region-specific changes in fractal dimension have also been found in Huntington's disease and Parkinson's disease. Associations were found between the fractal dimension and clinical scores, showing the potential of the fractal dimension as a marker to monitor brain shape changes in normal or pathological processes and predict cognitive or motor function.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"36 ","pages":"329-363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140100786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fractal Fluency: Processing of Fractal Stimuli Across Sight, Sound, and Touch. 分形流畅性：处理视觉、听觉和触觉的分形刺激。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_45

Richard P Taylor, Catherine Viengkham, Julian H Smith, Conor Rowland, Saba Moslehi, Sabrina Stadlober, Anastasija Lesjak, Martin Lesjak, Branka Spehar

{"title":"Fractal Fluency: Processing of Fractal Stimuli Across Sight, Sound, and Touch.","authors":"Richard P Taylor, Catherine Viengkham, Julian H Smith, Conor Rowland, Saba Moslehi, Sabrina Stadlober, Anastasija Lesjak, Martin Lesjak, Branka Spehar","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_45","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_45","url":null,"abstract":"People are continually exposed to the rich complexity generated by the repetition of fractal patterns at different size scales. Fractals are prevalent in natural scenery and also in patterns generated by artists and mathematicians. In this chapter, we will investigate the powerful significance of fractals for the human senses. In particular, we propose that fractals with mid-range complexity play a unique role in our visual experiences because the visual system has adapted to these prevalent natural patterns. This adaptation is evident at multiple stages of the visual system, ranging from data acquisition by the eye to processing of this data in the higher visual areas of the brain. Based on these results, we will discuss a fluency model in which the visual system processes mid-complexity fractals with relative ease. This fluency optimizes the observer's capabilities (such as enhanced attention and pattern recognition) and generates an aesthetic experience accompanied by a reduction in the observer's physiological stress levels. In addition to reviewing people's responses to viewing fractals, we will compare these responses to recent research focused on fractal sounds and fractal surface textures. We will extend our fractal fluency model to allow for stimuli across multiple senses.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"36 ","pages":"907-934"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140100788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fractal-Based Morphometrics of Glioblastoma. 基于分形的胶质母细胞瘤形态计量学

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_28

Lee Curtin

引用次数: 0

On Multiscaling of Parkinsonian Rest Tremor Signals and Their Classification. 论帕金森静息震颤信号的多尺度化及其分类

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_30

Lorenzo Livi

引用次数: 0

Tenets and Methods of Fractal Analysis (1/f Noise). 分形分析的原理和方法（1/f 噪声）。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_3

Tatjana Stadnitski

引用次数: 0

Endogenous Opioids in the Homeostatic Regulation of Hunger, Satiety, and Hedonic Eating: Neurobiological Foundations. 内源性阿片类物质在饥饿、饱腹感和享乐性进食的体内平衡调节中的作用：神经生物学基础。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-45493-6_16

Marcela Rodriguez Flores, Sylvana Stephano Zúñiga

引用次数: 0

Sex and Age-at-Injury as Determinants of Social Behavior Outcomes After TBI. 性别和受伤年龄是创伤后社会行为结果的决定因素。

Advances in neurobiology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-69832-3_10

Bridgette D Semple, Richelle Mychasiuk

{"title":"Sex and Age-at-Injury as Determinants of Social Behavior Outcomes After TBI.","authors":"Bridgette D Semple, Richelle Mychasiuk","doi":"10.1007/978-3-031-69832-3_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69832-3_10","url":null,"abstract":"While our understanding of long-term disability after traumatic brain injury (TBI) has habitually focused on cognitive and sensorimotor functioning, it is increasingly appreciated that changes in social function for survivors of a brain injury are common and have a profound impact on one's quality of life. In this chapter, we highlight the consequences of TBI on social behavior, taking into account evidence from studies of patient populations as well as from preclinical animal models. After first considering the protracted nature of the development of social behavior across the lifespan, including the neurobiological networks that underlie social functioning, we discuss how TBI results in social behavior impairments and how these manifest. We focus particularly on how age-at-injury influences TBI-induced social impairments, with most of the evidence suggesting age-dependent vulnerability after injury at a younger age. In addition, we explore how biological sex is a key determinant of social behavior impairments after TBI, while gender in humans may also influence the nature and extent of social outcomes. Finally, we identify key knowledge gaps and emphasize the need for further research in the field.","PeriodicalId":7360,"journal":{"name":"Advances in neurobiology","volume":"42 ","pages":"205-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142455765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0