Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports最新文献

{"title":"Prediction of dementia-related mortality in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease using survival machine-learning models.","authors":"Basile Njei, Sarpong Boateng, Solomon Gyabaah, Guy Loic Nguefang Tchoukeu, Yazan Al-Ajlouni, Ulrick Sidney Kanmounye","doi":"10.1177/25424823261465039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261465039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasingly recognized as a multisystem condition with extrahepatic complications, including cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, and related dementias. However, conventional clinical tools have limited ability to predict dementia-related mortality in this population.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and internally validate survival-based machine-learning models for predicting dementia-related mortality among adults with MASLD and identify key clinical predictors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults with MASLD were identified from NHANES III with linked mortality data. Dementia-related mortality was defined using National Death Index codes for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. Cox proportional hazards models, random survival forests, gradient-boosted survival models, and logistic regression were developed and compared with exploratory comparator model. Performance was evaluated using concordance indices, area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve, Brier scores, and reclassification metrics relative to the FIB-4 score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1774 adults with MASLD, 115 dementia-related deaths occurred during a median follow-up of 193 months. Overall discrimination was modest. Logistic regression showed the highest discrimination in 5-fold cross-validation, whereas the penalized Cox model achieved the highest bootstrap C-index. The gradient-boosted survival model demonstrated the greatest improvement in reclassification compared with FIB-4. Exploratory risk stratification classified all dementia-related deaths within the high-risk cohort, although these findings warrant cautious interpretation due to possible overfitting. Waist circumference, diabetes, body mass index, and age were the most influential predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Survival-based models may improve identification of MASLD patients at elevated risk of dementia-related mortality. Metabolic and anthropometric factors appeared more informative than liver fibrosis scores, and warrant external validation in contemporary cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261465039"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on topological maturation of α-synuclein fibrils in Parkinson's disease: Insights from persistent homology and SARS-CoV-2 acceleration of aggregation.","authors":"Pranathi Jalapally, Lakshmi Sowmya Emani, Sminu Izudheen, K S Jagannatha Rao","doi":"10.1177/25424823261464972","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823261464972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) into amyloid fibrils and Lewy bodies. These aggregates impair synaptic function, disrupt proteostasis, compromise mitochondrial health, and drive neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Clinical observations during the COVID-19 pandemic revealed accelerated motor deterioration and higher mortality among PD patients following SARS-CoV-2 infection, pointing to potential overlapping mechanisms with Alzheimer's disease, including protein misfolding, chronic inflammation, and oxidative damage.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate how the SARS-CoV-2 N-protein may accelerate α-syn aggregation using computational approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed a multimodal, label-free computational pipeline inspired by TopoBind to examine the topological maturation of patient-derived α-syn fibrils across preclinical (PDB 7V47, 8H03), mid-stage (7XO0, 7XO1), and late-stage (8H04, 7V48) PD phases. Per-residue features were extracted using 640-dimensional evolutionary scale modeling (ESM)-2 embeddings, solvent-accessible surface area, and persistent homology based on Vietoris-Rips filtration of Cα coordinates (r = 0-20 Å, persistence threshold > 0.8 Å). Predictions were validated using PyRosetta InterfaceAnalyzerMover, PRODIGY (ΔG and Kd), and normal mode analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pipeline successfully identified key protein-protein interface residues on α-syn fibrils, achieving 74-92% overlap with PyRosetta results. Conserved interaction hotspots were located primarily in the non-amyloid component region, protofilament interfaces, and hydrophobic grooves.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that fibril maturation involves progressive expansion of binding interfaces, offering a plausible topological mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 N-protein can promote pathogenic α-syn conformers and contribute to long-term neurological complications following infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261464972"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A three-minute computerized semantic paired associates test and plasma pTau217 status in older adults with and without cognitive impairment.","authors":"Alexandra Ortega, Kirsten Crenshaw, Rosie E Curiel Cid, Carlos A Valentin-Camunas, Triana Abel, Tan A Abascal, Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari, Elizabeth A Crocco, David A Loewenstein","doi":"10.1177/25424823261464638","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823261464638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD), including pTau217, are increasingly used to identify individuals at risk for underlying AD pathology. However, biomarkers alone do not capture the cognitive expression of disease, underscoring the need for brief cognitive measures capable of distinguishing impairment across biologically defined groups.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the discriminative validity of the Brief Semantic Paired Associates Test (B-SPAT), a novel three-minute computerized cognitive screening test, among cognitively unimpaired and cognitively impaired older adults stratified by plasma pTau217 status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants included 35 cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults with negative plasma pTau217 (pTau217-), 22 cognitively impaired (CI) participants with pTau217-, and 20 CI participants with positive plasma pTau217 (pTau217+). All participants completed the B-SPAT, a fully digitized six-item semantic paired-associate learning task, along with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjustment for age, education, sex, and Mini-Mental State Examination scores, significant group differences in B-SPAT performance remained [F(2,70) = 8.28, p < 0.001]. Post-hoc analyses indicated that the CU pTau217- group performed significantly better than both cognitively impaired groups. Importantly, no significant differences were observed between the CI pTau217 + and CI pTau217- groups following covariate adjustment. Receiver operating characteristic analysis comparing CI pTau217 + and CU pTau217- participants yielded an area under the curve of 0.902 (SE = 0.041), with 95% sensitivity and 77.1% specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The B-SPAT is a promising exploratory brief digital cognitive screening tool that differentiates cognitively impaired from cognitively unimpaired older adults across biomarker-defined groups and may have utility in community and primary care settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261464638"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of an automated telesurveillance system on serious falls prevention in an elderly suffering from dementia specialized care unit: The URCC GET-BETTER study (geriatric environmental telecare - behavioral engineering technology to enhance rehabilitation).","authors":"Abdoul Razak Sawadogo, Caroline Gayot, Amadou Maguette Djiogomaye Ndiaye, Jean François Nys, Achille Tchalla","doi":"10.1177/25424823251395611","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823251395611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>\"<i>Unités de réadaptation cognitivo-comportementale</i> (URCC)\" are specialized units for patients with Alzheimer's disease or related dementias presenting behavioral disorders. Falls are frequent in these settings, with dementia increasing fall risk six-fold. Detection remains difficult, especially at night when staff presence is reduced. Automated telesurveillance systems (ATS) may help improve fall detection and prevention.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the impact of ATS on the prevention of serious nocturnal falls in URCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial including 344 patients in the URCC units of Brive and Limoges. Patients in the intervention group were monitored with ATS, while controls stayed in rooms without ATS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients had a mean age of 83.6 years (SD = 6.1), with 58% women. The cumulative incidence of serious nocturnal falls was 0.01 (SD = 0.02) per patient per stay, with no difference between groups (U = 13,739; p = 0.262). For non-serious nocturnal falls, incidence was 0.03 (SD = 0.07) in the intervention group versus 0.01 (SD = 0.04) in control group (U = 15,391; p = 0.054). Total nocturnal falls were similar (0.03 versus 0.02; U = 14,684; p = 0.529).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ATS allowed detection of more non-serious nocturnal falls, potentially enabling tailored prevention strategies to reduce future falls. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01561872 (registered 13/02/2015).</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823251395611"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic challenges in early-onset Alzheimer's disease: Case report of a patient with <i>PSEN1</i> p.Asn135Ser mutation.","authors":"Carolina Gonçalves, Gonçalo Cabral, Carolina Almeida, Filipe Azevedo, Diogo Rodrigues, Luísa Alves","doi":"10.1177/25424823261464623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261464623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the case of a 46-year-old woman who presented with progressing, early-onset cognitive decline associated with atypical features due to a <i>PSEN1</i> mutation. This case extends the known spectrum of clinical, radiological and pathological findings associated with this mutation.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261464623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peptide vaccination for Alzheimer's disease: Immunological foundations, therapeutic potential, and translational barriers.","authors":"Haoteng Chen, Yuanxiang Lin, DeZhi Kang, Tong Zhao","doi":"10.1177/25424823261462546","DOIUrl":"10.1177/25424823261462546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, increasing attention has been directed toward the role of immune responses in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The pathological proteins amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau protein are closely associated with immune dysregulation and neuroinflammatory processes during AD progression. Peptide vaccines targeting Aβ and tau have emerged as an active immunotherapeutic strategy designed to induce antigen-specific immune responses against pathological protein aggregates, and several candidates have advanced to early-phase clinical trials. Although preliminary studies have demonstrated acceptable safety profiles and the ability to elicit immune responses, substantial challenges remain in vaccine design, epitope selection, and clinical translation. This review summarizes current progress in peptide vaccine development for AD and discusses their potential applications from an immunological perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261462546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on the effect of curcumin and its glucoside derivatives on IMR-32 neuroblastoma cell lines.","authors":"Lakshmi Sowmya Emani, Harshitha Mahesha, Soumyadip Mullick, Bettadaiah Bheemanakere Kempaiah, Rajanna Ajumeera, Jagannatha Rao Koagisharaf","doi":"10.1177/25424823261461480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261461480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The hallmark pathologies of neurodegenerative diseases include neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, protein misfolding, and dysregulated cell-survival signaling. These biochemical processes lead to neuronal death in disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and others. The complexities involved in neuronal cell death still need to be unraveled.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the role of curcumin and its mono- and diglucoside derivatives in IMR32 cells, focused on cytotoxicity, cell cycle analysis, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant potential, 8-hydroxy-guanosine (8-OH-G)* production, and cell and nuclear morphology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the present study, we synthesized a novel molecule, curcumin mono- and diglucoside, to improve the water solubility and partition coefficient, making the molecule highly bioavailable. We assessed cytotoxicity using the MTT assay and trypan blue, with a Nikon Eclipse E200 microscope. cell cycle and apoptosis by FACS, cell morphology by a Nikon microscope, nuclear morphology by confocal imaging, and 8-OH-G*, ROS, and antioxidant activity by ELISA kits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings show that (1) curcumin and the positive control compound doxorubicin have lower IC₅₀ values than curcumin monoglucoside and diglucoside; (2) The three compounds induce distinct cell-cycle arrests (curcumin: S-phase; curcumin-monoglucoside: G0-G1; curcumin diglucoside: G2). Curc-glucoside also reduced ROS production and DNA damage marker 8-OH-G*, while activating antioxidant potential; (3) Curcumin mainly causes necrosis; Curcumin mono- and diglucosides did not induce any apoptosis or necrosis; and doxorubicin promotes apoptosis only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Curcumin mono- and diglucoside efficiently reduced ROS, increased antioxidant activity, and decreased 8-OH-G* production. Curcumin is more prooxidant and proapoptotic, whereas glycosylated derivatives are more antioxidant and cytostatic.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261461480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of aging and body mass index on self-reported cognitive impairment among West Texas adults: Implications for better lifestyle.","authors":"Hafiz Khan, Lamourdia Dayamba, Aamrin Rafiq, Effat W Nizia, Fahad Mostafa","doi":"10.1177/25424823261460418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261460418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an increasing public health concern, especially among adults over age 40 in rural regions, where chronic conditions are prevalent and healthcare resources are limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the impact of aging and body mass index (BMI) on self-reported cognitive impairment, while controlling for covariates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed cross-sectional survey data from hospital visits in Parmer and Cochran counties, using Pearson's chi-squared test, two sample proportions, and binary and multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Due to varying social involvement, individuals lacking social activities but becoming engaged at baseline experienced slower cognitive decline over time. Individuals aged 70 and above in Cochran and Parmer Counties had higher odds of cognitive impairment compared to those aged 40-49, with these associations remaining significant after adjusting for covariates (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Cochran County data showed that participants aged 60-69 who are overweight had much lower odds of cognitive impairment than those aged 40-49 with a normal BMI, after adjusting for anxiety, depression, and memory loss (OR = 0.2, CI: 0.1-0.8, p = 0.026). Similarly, in Parmer County, individuals aged 60-69 who are obese also had reduced odds compared to younger adults with a normal BMI (OR = 0.2, CI: 0.1-0.8, <i>p</i> = 0.027).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Aging remains associated with self-reported cognitive impairment, even after adjusting for risk factors, highlighting need for targeted interventions for elderly populations. Lower odds among overweight and obese seniors suggest a complex relationship between higher BMI and cognitive impairment in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261460418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating metabolites mediate the effects of lipids on Alzheimer's disease: A Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis.","authors":"Xinyu Yang, Chang Chai, Wenjing Li, Yanjie Li","doi":"10.1177/25424823261456655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261456655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although observational studies have reported correlations between lipid, circulating metabolites, and Alzheimer's disease (AD), the causality of these associations remain unresolved.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of lipids and circulating metabolites on AD risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We applied a two-step Mendelian randomization (MR) framework to evaluate the causal effects of lipids on AD and to assess whether these effects are mediated by circulating metabolites. Causal estimates were primarily derived using the inverse-variance weighted method, with robustness evaluated through a series of complementary sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's Q statistic, MR-Egger intercept testing, Radial MR, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out analyses. Additional validation was provided by Steiger directionality testing, linkage disequilibrium score regression, multivariable MR analyses, and independent replication, collectively ensuring the reliability of the causal inferences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MR analyses showed that PI(18:1/18:1) and TAG(52:3) were causally associated with a lower risk of AD. Mediation analyses further identified triglyceride levels in low-density lipoproteins (LDL), medium LDL, and small LDL as intermediates, accounting for 17.6%, 22.8%, and 18.1% of the protective effect of PI(18:1/18:1) on AD risk, respectively. By contrast, the free cholesterol to total lipid ratio in medium high-density lipoproteins (HDL) emerged as a deleterious mediator, explaining 13.0% of the protective association between TAG(52:3) and AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the importance of PI(18:1/18:1) and TAG(52:3) in AD development, and suggests that triglyceride levels in LDL, medium LDL, and small LDL, as well as the free cholesterol to total lipids ratio in medium HDL, may act as mediators in this pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261456655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic journey, biomarker testing, treatment, and care partner burden in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease dementia in China: A real-world survey.","authors":"Jiawei Xin, Hanxi Zhang, Shuang Cai, Jinnan Li, Guanshen Dou, Brenda Botello Estrada, Chloe Walker, Rebecca Storm, Xiaochun Chen","doi":"10.1177/25424823261447853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/25424823261447853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is rising in China. Although disease-modifying treatments are available, their efficacy is mostly seen in the early stage. Timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for AD management.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to describe the diagnostic trajectory, current treatments, and care burden for mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/AD in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were derived from the Adelphi Real World Dementia Disease Specific Programme™, a cross-sectional survey of neurologists, patients with MCI/AD dementia and their care partners, conducted in China from February-May 2024. Patient characteristics, diagnoses, treatments, and care were reported by neurologists and supplemented by self-reports from patients and care partners.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 93 neurologists reported on 774 patients. Of patients with a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score at the time of survey (n = 699), mean (standard deviation) age was 69.3 (8.2) years, 49.6% (n = 347) female and most had MCI/mild AD (MMSE 20-28) at survey (52.5%, n = 367). Over one-third of patients presented with moderate to severe disease at initial consultation (34.7%, n = 203) and at diagnosis (36.2%, n = 265). Biomarker testing was infrequently used in diagnosis, with cerebrospinal fluid being the most used (11.2%, n = 81) and physician-reported challenges including cost, patient reluctance, and availability. Most patients received only non-professional care primarily from a partner/spouse and/or children, who spent up to 47.0 (45.8) hours per week caring.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Challenges in early and biomarker-based diagnosis were identified and care partners continued to experience a substantial burden. Continued efforts are needed to ensure the healthcare system's preparedness for the AD epidemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":73594,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports","volume":"10 ","pages":"25424823261447853"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}