Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences最新文献_第3页

Chapitre 6. Des éthiques collectives à une gestion adaptative des conflits organisationnels. 第 6 章从集体伦理到组织冲突的适应性管理从集体伦理到组织冲突的适应性管理。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/jibes.343.0103

A Boudreau Leblanc, B Williams-Jones

{"title":"Chapitre 6. Des éthiques collectives à une gestion adaptative des conflits organisationnels.","authors":"A Boudreau Leblanc, B Williams-Jones","doi":"10.3917/jibes.343.0103","DOIUrl":"10.3917/jibes.343.0103","url":null,"abstract":"The idea of collaborative governance is gaining popularity. However, how can it be truly collaborative? Decision-making systems with diverse stakeholders must deal with different positions, roles, interests, missions, observations, and values. The co P·R·I·M·O·V (Position, Role, Interest, Mission, Observation, Values) bioethics tool aims to improve the practice of sustainable, collaborative, and democratic development of technosocial initiatives through its user-friendly format for professional ethicists. The tool follows the logic of Conflict of Interest (CoI) analysis used in organizational ethics frameworks. CoI, as an analytical unit in ethics, allows the anticipation and management of problems that may compromise the short- and long-term activities of a program and its governance. This tool was built on a case study for the implementation of monitoring of antibiotic use in animal health in Quebec, Canada. The use of this bioethics tool is strategic and can help negotiate positions and thus co-construct a common frame of reference between the stakeholders in view of a collaborative governance favoring cooperation.","PeriodicalId":73577,"journal":{"name":"Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139998507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Chapitre 7. L’aide médicale à mourir au Canada et les personnes vulnérables. 第7章.加拿大的临终医疗救助与弱势人群。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/jibes.343.0125

Christian Byk

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Chapitre 4. Le droit à un environnement propre, sain et durable : un vecteur indispensable à la transition des systèmes alimentaires. 第 4 章.享有清洁、健康和可持续环境的权利：粮食系统转型的重要载体。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/jibes.344.0057

Geneviève Parent, Tom Ignacchiti

{"title":"Chapitre 4. Le droit à un environnement propre, sain et durable : un vecteur indispensable à la transition des systèmes alimentaires.","authors":"Geneviève Parent, Tom Ignacchiti","doi":"10.3917/jibes.344.0057","DOIUrl":"10.3917/jibes.344.0057","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment (hereinafter “right to a healthy environment”) within the framework of a “food systems approach” and from the perspective of the three main functions of law in the transition to sustainable and equitable food systems (hereinafter “SAD”). The article aims to demonstrate that the right to a healthy environment is an indispensable right for achieving the transition to SADs through the building blocks of food systems, namely food supply chains, food environments and consumer behavior. First of all, the article notes that the right to a healthy environment has been at the heart of SAD since it was recognized as a human right by Resolution 48/13 of the Human Rights Council and Resolution 76/300 of the United Nations General Assembly. As well as underpinning the sustainability and equity of food systems, the right to a healthy environment is inseparable from the realization of other human rights, most notably the right to adequate food, itself at the heart of food systems. Secondly, the article argues that the operationalization of the right to a healthy environment by States would benefit from a “food systems approach” to ensure the transition to SADs. In this perspective, the right to a healthy environment constitutes a genuine vector for the development and adoption of legal and policy measures that improve the sustainability and equity of food systems, and the implementation of the CFS Voluntary Guidelines on Food Systems and Nutrition adopted in 2021.","PeriodicalId":73577,"journal":{"name":"Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140121505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Chapter 6. FRUGAL Indicators: Assessing the Food Strategies of Urban Areas. 第 6 章.FRUGAL 指标：评估城市地区的粮食战略。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/jibes.344.0101

Catherine Darrot, Maxime Marie, Luc Bodiguel, Camille Hochedez, Christine Margetic, Bernard Pecqueur, M Bleunven, M Gnamba, M Louesdon, Jeremy T Moreau

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C. Castets-Renard, J. Eynard, Un droit de l’intelligence artificielle, Bruylant, Bruxelles, 2023. C.Castets-Renard, J. Eynard, Un droit de l'intelligence artificielle, Bruylant, Brussels, 2023.

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/jibes.343.0046b

Christian Byk

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Chapitre 1. Manger à l’ère de la transition alimentaire : entre libertés et sujétions. 第 1 章：食品转型时代的饮食：自由与限制之间。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/jibes.344.0015

Gervaise Debucquet

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Chapter 3. How agroecological science has been incorporated into agricultural law and policy. 第 3 章.如何将生态农业科学纳入农业法律和政策。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/jibes.344.0041

Luc Bodiguel

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Revue de livres. 书评

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01

Christian Byk

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Chapitre 1. Essais cliniques et bioéthique en Inde. 第 1 章：印度的临床试验与生物伦理。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.3917/jibes.343.0011

Philippe Frouté

{"title":"Chapitre 1. Essais cliniques et bioéthique en Inde.","authors":"Philippe Frouté","doi":"10.3917/jibes.343.0011","DOIUrl":"10.3917/jibes.343.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1990s, the pharmaceutical industry has been a major contributor to the economic growth of India. India is the world’s largest vaccines producer, and it attracts foreign direct investors who are relocating production capacities and research activities to develop new drugs in India. India, however, suffers from a lack of trust due to repeated scandals over clinical trials. Some of these scandals have led to economic sanctions, such as the withdrawal of hundreds of generic drugs from consumption in Europe in 2015. These measures followed irregularities detected in clinical trials carried out on volunteers. While India has taken steps to reform the bioethical institutions responsible for the control of clinical trials, we show in this contribution that loopholes persist. Two periods can be distinguished. The first period, between the early 2000s and 2013, gathers a significant growth in the number of clinical trials with a growth in bioethical scandals. It led the Indian government, under pressure from the civil society and the Supreme Court, to take action to curb clinical trials and to reform bioethical institutions. The second period, from 2013 to 2021, is characterised by an increase in the number of clinical trials in a context of strengthening the efficiency of bioethical institutions. We show that the increase in clinical trials is mainly due to the implementation of the TRIPs agreements on generic drugs. This development put another pressure on national vigilance authorities which remain undersized with respect to the magnitude of the Indian clinical trials market. It also highlights again the structural frailties of the Indian Federal System.","PeriodicalId":73577,"journal":{"name":"Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139998502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Recommandations aux auteurs. 给作者的建议

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2024-01-01

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