Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences最新文献_第2页

Prólogo. 序言。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.54695/jibes.364.0011

Christian Byk

引用次数: 0

Chapitre 1. L’effectivité du droit international mérite une procédure de recours innovante. 第一章的标题。国际法的有效性需要一种创新的补救程序。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.54695/jibes.372.0013

Laurence Azoux Bacrie

{"title":"Chapitre 1. L’effectivité du droit international mérite une procédure de recours innovante.","authors":"Laurence Azoux Bacrie","doi":"10.54695/jibes.372.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54695/jibes.372.0013","url":null,"abstract":"The text argues that the effectiveness of international environmental law, in the face of the climate emergency, requires the creation of accessible, binding and preventive remedies. It criticises the inadequacy of current mechanisms, which are overly dependent on the will of States and often lack effective enforcement. It proposes investing a supervisory authority capable of autonomous initiative, like the European Commission, and drawing inspiration from the European Committee of Social Rights&#8217; model of collective complaints, which is more appropriate than belated individual litigation. This mechanism would allow for comprehensive oversight of public policies rather than a case-by-case approach to violations. The analysis emphasises that environmental protection can already be linked to the right to health (Article&#160;11&#160;of the Social Charter), while recalling the reluctance of states to accept binding procedures. At the national level, the author criticises the technicality and normative ambiguity of the French climate law of&#160;22&#160;August&#160;2021, which weakens its scope. Finally, she warns against the primacy of &#8216;soft law&#8217; and the lack of real justiciability, arguing that a credible climate policy requires precise obligations accompanied by effective sanctions.","PeriodicalId":73577,"journal":{"name":"Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences","volume":"37 2","pages":"11-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148378360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chapitre 3. Les principes de l’écologie intégrale. 第三章。整体生态的原则。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.54695/jibes.364.0055

Fabien Revol

{"title":"Chapitre 3. Les principes de l’écologie intégrale.","authors":"Fabien Revol","doi":"10.54695/jibes.364.0055","DOIUrl":"10.54695/jibes.364.0055","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of integral ecology is presented as a new paradigm proposed by Pope Francis in the encyclical Laudato si&#8217; (2015). It offers a critical re-reading of the modern paradigm, marked by a &#8220;despotic&#8221; anthropocentrism (LS&#160;68, 118), to promote integral ecology as a horizon of conversion. Inspired by Jacques Maritain (Humanisme int&#233;gral, 1936) and Paul VI (Populorum Progressio, 1967), this concept seeks to reconcile human and environmental ecology by integrating social justice and biodiversity preservation. Integral ecology, asserting that &#8220;everything is connected&#8221; (LS&#160;138), is grounded in an ontological key: the interdependence of beings, reflecting the Trinity in creation (Bonaventure). It articulates four fundamental relationships (God, others, oneself, creation), symbolized by a tetrahedron, and is guided by principles such as &#8220;reality is more important than ideas&#8221; (EG&#160;231&#8211;233) or &#8220;the whole is greater than the part&#8221; (LS&#160;141). Pope Francis, echoing the &#8220;cry of the earth and the cry of the poor&#8221; (LS&#160;49), links ecological crisis and poverty, criticizing the &#8220;throwaway culture&#8221; (LS&#160;22). Integral ecology, with its universalist scope, addresses all people&#8212;believers and non-believers alike&#8212;by fostering dialogue among sciences, religions, and politics. Rooted in the Franciscan tradition (St. Francis of Assisi as a model of harmony) and the theology of the people (Scannone), it promotes &#8220;social and universal fraternity&#8221; (FT&#160;2020). Finally, it calls for a conversion of our representations of nature, in response to Lynn White Jr.&#8217;s critique of Christian anthropocentrism, and for an ecology lived as &#8220;good news for creation.&#8221.","PeriodicalId":73577,"journal":{"name":"Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences","volume":"36 4","pages":"55-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147476086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chapitre 3. Un droit vivant pour repenser les sujets et les objets du droit climatique. 第三章。重新思考气候法主题和对象的活的权利。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.54695/jibes.372.0045

Marie-Angèle Hermitte

{"title":"Chapitre 3. Un droit vivant pour repenser les sujets et les objets du droit climatique.","authors":"Marie-Angèle Hermitte","doi":"10.54695/jibes.372.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54695/jibes.372.0045","url":null,"abstract":"While the climate convention, adopted in&#160;1992, is only slowly being incorporated into positive law, important steps were taken between&#160;2024&#160;and&#160;2025&#160;with one ruling and three opinions from the European and Inter-American Courts of Human Rights, the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS), and the International Court of Justice, which clarified the legal obligations of states with regard to climate action. In doing so, the four jurisdictions have confirmed their role as &#8220;living instruments&#8221; with a part to play in responding to the &#8220;existential challenges&#8221; facing &#8220;the human race.&#8221; They have thus created new legal entities, with GHGs being &#8220;substances&#8221; and &#8220;energy&#8221; within the meaning of maritime law, and the climate system moving from the status of an unidentified legal entity to the category, created for the occasion by the International Court of Justice, of a global commons or indivisible global asset. Without achieving legal personality, humanity has changed its face, now being understood in generational terms. The IACHR has innovated radically by insisting on an intersectional approach and making nature a collective subject of public interest.","PeriodicalId":73577,"journal":{"name":"Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences","volume":"37 2","pages":"43-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148378401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chapitre 5. La mort et la personnalité juridique sous le prisme d’un regard croisé. 第五章。交叉视角下的死亡与法律人格。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.54695/jibes.364.0117

Hamadi Gatta Wagué

{"title":"Chapitre 5. La mort et la personnalité juridique sous le prisme d’un regard croisé.","authors":"Hamadi Gatta Wagué","doi":"10.54695/jibes.364.0117","DOIUrl":"10.54695/jibes.364.0117","url":null,"abstract":"Death has always been an insoluble legal dilemma. It has never been given a legal definition. Nonetheless, such competence is left to the medical science which is better furnished to establish death. The law only covers the property and non-property effects of death. The immediate consequence of death is the termination of legal personality if it is certified by a medico-legal decision. Sometimes death is surrounded by uncertainty related to the absence or disappearance of somebody. In those cases, death cannot terminate legal personality. However, precautionary measures are taken pending the pronunciation of the death to end legal personality. The classic conception of death putting an end to legal personality is often called into question if we enquiry the will of the deceased and his moral rights which are not in line with the automatic termination of legal personality. This question is becoming more and more remarkable with the appearance of digital identity, which overthrow the issue of death that is difficult to implement in the digital scale. Physical death is difficult to duplicate in the digital world. This study aims to show that death cannot always systematically put an end to legal personality. Some duties continue to produce their effects for better or for worse.","PeriodicalId":73577,"journal":{"name":"Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences","volume":"36 4","pages":"117-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147476060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chapitre 6. Droits de la Mar Menor : la créolisation européenne des droits de la nature et l’énigme de l’efficacité. 第6章)。Mar Menor的权利：欧洲自然权利的克里奥尔化和效率之谜。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.54695/jibes.372.0087

Thomas Fabre

引用次数: 0

Juste un mot. 就一句话。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.54695/jibes.364.0009

Christian Byk

引用次数: 0

Chapitre 2. Droits humains et justice environnementale. 第二章。人权和环境正义。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.54695/jibes.372.0019

Christian Byk

引用次数: 0

Chapitre 4. Derecho alambiente sano. La opinión consultiva de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos sobre cambio climático. Chapitre 4。正确的健康的环境。美洲人权法院关于气候变化的咨询意见。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.54695/jibes.372.0055

Aída Kemelmajer de Carlucci

引用次数: 0

Chapitre 2. La déclaration de principes éthiques en rapportavec le changement climatique de l’Unesco : la question du climat et des inégalités en santé. 第二章。教科文组织关于气候变化的道德原则宣言：气候和健康不平等问题。

Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.54695/jibes.364.0041

Christian Byk

{"title":"Chapitre 2. La déclaration de principes éthiques en rapportavec le changement climatique de l’Unesco : la question du climat et des inégalités en santé.","authors":"Christian Byk","doi":"10.54695/jibes.364.0041","DOIUrl":"10.54695/jibes.364.0041","url":null,"abstract":"It is surprising that this Declaration, which &#8220;recommends that States consider these ethical principles in all decisions and actions relating to climate change&#8221;, makes no mention of the issue of health, despite the fact that, as the WHO points out, &#8220;climate change affects the social and environmental determinants of health: clean air, safe drinking water, sufficient food, secure housing&#8221;, which leads the organisation to consider that &#8220;climate change is the greatest health threat facing humanity&#8221;. However, in relation to these observations by the WHO, the Declaration clearly puts forward two axes that concretise the link between climate change and inequalities in health. These are, firstly, the application of the principles set out in the Declaration to the determinants of health mentioned by the WHO and, secondly, the particular attention that the Declaration pays to vulnerable individuals and groups. It is from the combination of these two approaches that the &#8220;policy&#8221; that UNESCO seems to be suggesting emerges, albeit indirectly and partially. It is less that of a specific approach to access to health as such than the desire to emphasise both the determinants of health in a situation of climate change and the vulnerability of target populations to the increased health risks caused by climate change.","PeriodicalId":73577,"journal":{"name":"Journal international de bioethique et d'ethique des sciences","volume":"36 4","pages":"41-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0