JAACAP open最新文献

{"title":"Scope","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2949-7329(25)00018-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2949-7329(25)00018-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 1","pages":"Page A1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: Dopamine, Serotonin, and the Translational Neuroscience of Aggression in Autism Spectrum Disorder","authors":"Hugo Martin PhD,&nbsp;Ja Eun Choi PhD,&nbsp;Ariana R. Rodrigues BA candidate,&nbsp;Neir Eshel MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a 1% to 2% prevalence in children. In addition to social communication deficits and restricted or repetitive behavior, ASD is often characterized by a heightened propensity for aggression. In fact, aggressive behavior is the primary reason for hospitalization in children with ASD, and current treatment options, despite some efficacy, are often associated with prominent side effects. Despite such high clinical toll, the neurobiology of aggression in ASD remains poorly understood.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The neural circuits linked to both ASD and aggression were reviewed, with the goal of identifying overlapping components to help guide future treatment development. In discussing the clinical phenotype of aggression in ASD, some of the triggers and risk factors were noted to differ from those that cause aggression in neurotypical children. Preclinical and clinical studies on the neurobiology of aggression and ASD were synthesized to combine evidence from genetics, neuroimaging, pharmacology, and circuit manipulations. Dopamine and serotonin, 2 neuromodulators that contribute to development and behavioral control, were specifically studied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The literature indicates that the intricate interplay of the dopamine and serotonin systems has a pivotal role in shaping behavior, including the expression of aggression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Understanding the balance between dopamine as an accelerator and serotonin as a brake may provide insights into the mechanisms of aggression in children with ASD. Although much work remains to be done, new perspectives promise to bridge the gap between human and animal studies and pinpoint the neurobiology of aggression in ASD.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>This narrative review explores how serotonin and dopamine might contribute to the presentation of aggression in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Synthesizing animal and human studies, the review suggests that diminished serotonin levels may contribute to aggression in response to social threats while increased dopamine levels might facilitate aggression in response to the disruption of routines.</div></div><div><h3>Diversity &amp; Inclusion Statement</h3><div>One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented sexual and/or gender groups in science. We actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in our author group.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 1","pages":"Pages 29-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in Elementary School–Aged Youth: A Pilot Study in 5- to 10-Year-Olds","authors":"Adam Bryant Miller PhD ,&nbsp;Margaret A. Sheridan PhD ,&nbsp;Andrea Pelletier-Baldelli PhD ,&nbsp;Stephanie R. Sirhal MArch ,&nbsp;Jialin Lu BS ,&nbsp;Sneha Sai Boda BS ,&nbsp;Zakia Ishaque BS ,&nbsp;Meredith Gruhn PhD ,&nbsp;Amy E. Carolus BA ,&nbsp;Antonio A. Morgan-López PhD ,&nbsp;Laura Hennefield PhD ,&nbsp;Caroline W. Oppenheimer PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Emerging evidence suggests that elementary aged children may experience suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) at rates higher than previously expected. However, STBs, and developmentally appropriate STB measurement, in children are vastly understudied. We conducted a preliminary study to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of asking about STBs and STB rates in a sample of children enhanced for potential adversity exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>To assess lifetime STBs, the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire<strong>–</strong>Junior and the Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview<strong>–</strong>2 were administered to 98 children 5 to 10 years of age (mean = 7.53, SD = 1.41; 50% female; 52% non-White) and their caregivers (reporting about their child) during an in-home visit. We completed a phone follow-up 1 week later to assess potential iatrogenic effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One-week follow-up data showed no concerning iatrogenic effects. A total of 31 caregivers (31%) reported passive suicidal ideation in their children, and 34 children (34%) reported passive suicidal ideation (“wish never born”). Fourteen caregivers (14%) reported active suicidal ideation in their children, and 33 children (33%) reported active suicidal ideation (“want to kill self”). Two caregivers (2%) reported that their child made a suicide plan, and 5 children (5%) reported a suicide plan. One child reported that they had made a suicide attempt.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Findings demonstrate that asking about STBs in families with children 5 to 10 years of age is feasible, generally acceptable, and safe. However, some families may need researchers to help mitigate discomfort relating to STB assessment in young children. STB rates were higher than expected, and highlight the need for continued developmental research on the course of child STBs.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>Children as young as 5 years old may experience thoughts about suicide, but these behaviors are not well understood. This study involved 98 children 5 to 10 years of age, recruited for potential adversity exposure, and their caregivers, who answered questions about suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) during an in-home visit, with follow-up a week later. Results showed that 33% of children reported thinking about wanting to kill themselves, and 5% reported having made a plan, with no harmful effects observed from asking these questions. These findings highlight the importance of more research to understand these behaviors early in development, particularly in children exposed to adversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 527-537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing Silence: Adolescents’ Nondisclosure of Their Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors to Their Family and Peers","authors":"Angela Page Spears MS ,&nbsp;Ki Eun Shin PhD ,&nbsp;Christine B. Cha PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Despite immense public concern around youth suicide, there remain countless young people whose suicide risk remain undetected. Some adolescents deliberately choose not to disclose suicide-related experiences, even to their family and peers who could play a key role in connecting them to clinical assessment and care. Studying this population is scientifically challenging, as those adolescents who are prone to nondisclosure are the exact individuals who may not typically opt into research studies. The current investigation explores the frequency, reasons for, and correlates of adolescents’ nondisclosure tendencies.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We recruited 154 adolescents (aged 13-17 years; mean = 15.98; SD = 1.04) with a lifetime history of suicidal thoughts and/or behaviors from across the United States to participate in a study requiring only adolescent self-consent. Adolescents were predominantly female (92.21%), White (72.08%), and bisexual (35.06%). We administered a brief, Web-based, anonymous survey assessing lifetime history of suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and nondisclosure of such suicide-related experiences.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Other family members of suicidal adolescents were the most common primary confidant identified to whom adolescents deliberately chose not to disclose their suicide-related experiences, closely followed by parents. Adolescents tended not to disclose to certain confidants because of their fear of negative reactions and sense of self-reliance. Those adolescents who had never disclosed to anyone tended to experience more frequent suicidal thoughts, to be closer with their primary confidants, and to cite distinct reasons for nondisclosure.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Some adolescents remain silent about their suicide-related experiences, either toward select confidants or all of the people in their life. Understanding the distinct profiles of and reasons for nondisclosure may inform ways to connect underserved youth to care.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Plain language summary&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Some adolescents experiencing suicidal thoughts or behaviors choose not to share them with certain family members, peers, or even anyone in their lives. This study surveyed 154 adolescents across the United States who self-reported a history of suicidal thoughts or behaviors to explore why they might not disclose these experiences. Adolescents often avoided disclosing to parents or other family members due to fears of negative reactions or a preference to cope on their own (ie, self-reliance). Those who disclosed to no one reported more frequent suicidal thoughts and closer relationships with their confidants. Understanding these patterns of nondisclosure may help connect underserved youth to care.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Diversity &amp; Inclusion Statement&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. We worked to ensure race, ethnic, a","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 496-505"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Youth: Integrative Data Analysis of Crossover Impacts of the Coping Power Preventive Intervention","authors":"Heather L. McDaniel PhD ,&nbsp;Alexa C. Budavari PhD ,&nbsp;Alexandra Tonigan PhD ,&nbsp;Ava E. Michael MEd ,&nbsp;Stephen G. West PhD ,&nbsp;Nisha Gottfredson O’Shea PhD ,&nbsp;Nicole P. Powell PhD ,&nbsp;Lixin Qu MS ,&nbsp;Lissette M. Saavedra PhD ,&nbsp;Anna Yaros PhD ,&nbsp;Catherine P. Bradshaw PhD ,&nbsp;John E. Lochman PhD ,&nbsp;Antonio A. Morgan-López PhD, MA","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2025.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2025.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Despite evidence-based interventions for psychiatric disorders that often precede suicidality, suicide remains a leading cause of death among youth. There has been increased interest in whether preventive interventions targeting early risk factors lead to decreased distal risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). This study examined the impact of Coping Power (CP), a school-based preventive intervention targeting externalizing problems, on STBs.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The sample included 3,182 youths (36.4% female; 77.3% Black) who participated in 1 of 11 randomized controlled trials of CP. Individual-level data across trials were harmonized using integrative data analysis to address cross-study variation in measurement of STBs. The study used meta-analysis of individual participant data for modeling cross-study variation in intervention effects and propensity score weighting for addressing covariate imbalance arising from combining intervention arms across studies. Hypothesis tests were conducted for parent- and teacher-reported STBs under propensity score–weighted multilevel modeling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with school as usual, youth participating in mindfulness-enhanced CP demonstrated significant decreases in parent-reported STBs over time (<em>b</em> = −.08 [.02], <em>p</em> &lt; .001; after 1 year: <em>d</em> = −0.13; after 2 years: <em>d</em> = −0.25), and youth participating in Internet-enhanced CP demonstrated significant decreases in teacher-reported STBs over time (<em>b</em> = −.08 [.03], <em>p</em> = .003; after 1 year: <em>d</em> = −0.20; after 2 years: <em>d</em> = −0.40). Inconsistent results for standard CP and individual CP in sensitivity analyses preclude clear conclusions for these 2 intervention formats.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Synthesis of the reported findings highlights the promise of digital health and mindfulness-based interventions for youth with externalizing problems in reducing STBs. Additional research is needed to better understand the nature of for whom, how, and under what conditions preventive interventions impact later STBs.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>There has been increased interest in preventive interventions that target risk factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors. In this study, we analyzed data from 3,182 youth (36.4% female youth; 77.3% Black youth) who participated in one of 11 randomized controlled trials of the Coping Power program, a school-based preventive intervention for youth demonstrating externalizing problems. Youth participating in versions of Coping Power that were optimized with online content or mindfulness-based content had reduced suicidal thoughts and behaviors, as compared to youth participating in school as usual. Our findings highlight the promise of digital health and mindfulness-based interventions in reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors among youth with external","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 467-476"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Presence of Externalizing Diagnoses Increases the Risk of Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors in Youth Enriched for Early-Onset Depression","authors":"Maida Duncan BSc ,&nbsp;Alecia C. Vogel MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Ashna Ramiah HSD ,&nbsp;Rebecca Tillman MS ,&nbsp;Deanna M. Barch PhD ,&nbsp;Joan Luby MD ,&nbsp;Laura Hennefield PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To understand the additional impact of externalizing diagnoses and specific externalizing symptoms (eg, impulsivity, irritability) on risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in a sample of youth enriched for depression.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants included 219 children from the Pediatric Suicidality Study, which has followed a sample of preschoolers enriched for depression into early adolescence (ages 10-14 years). Semistructured interviews to assess STBs and clinical diagnoses including major depressive disorder (MDD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) were conducted at preschool age (3-6 years), preadolescence (8-12 years), and 2 years later (10-14 years).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Meeting diagnostic criteria for an externalizing disorder at any study time point was significantly associated with experiencing STBs after the preschool period, even when controlling for comorbid depression (66.7% vs 27.6%; χ² = 5.70, <em>p</em> = .017). Findings were similar when limiting the analyses to suicidal behaviors only (77.3% vs 44.6%; χ² = 4.00, <em>p</em> = .045). Analyses examining specific externalizing symptoms found that impulsivity and irritability, but not inattention or defiance, were significantly associated with experiencing STBs across the 2 years between follow-up visits leading into early adolescence (impulsivity: estimate = 0.68, SE = 0.29, χ² = 5.47, <em>p</em> = .019; irritability: estimate = 0.94, SE = 0.35, χ² = 7.39, <em>p</em> = .007).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Youth with comorbid depression and an externalizing disorder or externalizing symptoms of irritability or impulsivity may be at an elevated risk of STBs into early adolescence. These findings highlight the importance of early identification and treatment of externalizing disorders and symptoms in addition to treating depression when managing STBs in this population and provide additional potential treatment targets.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>A sample of preschoolers enriched for depression was followed into early adolescence and assessed for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs), major depressive disorder (MDD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Having an externalizing disorder (eg, ADHD or ODD) at any time was significantly associated with STBs after the preschool period. Further, externalizing symptoms of impulsivity and irritability, but not inattention or defiance, were significantly associated with STBs across the two years between follow-up visits leading into early adolescence. These findings highlight the importance of identifying and treating externalizing disorders and symptoms in addition to treating depression when managing STBs in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 516-526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Harm Content on Social Media and Proximal Risk for Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Among Adolescents","authors":"Jessica L. Hamilton PhD ,&nbsp;Srushti Untawale BS ,&nbsp;Maya N. Dalack MS ,&nbsp;Athena B. Thai HSD ,&nbsp;Evan M. Kleiman PhD ,&nbsp;Aijia Yao MS","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Exposure to self-harm content may be an important experience on social media that confers risk for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs). The current study used an intensive monitoring design to examine the relation between weekly exposure to self-harm content on social media and adolescent SITBs, including suicidal ideation and nonsuicidal self-injurious (NSSI) urges and behaviors.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Adolescents (N = 61; ages 14-17 years) recruited in the United States (49% girls, 62% LGBTQ+, 10% Asian, 20% Black, 16% Latine, 13% Multiracial, 41% White) completed 8 weeks of daily and weekly surveys. Daily surveys included questions about adolescents’ suicidal ideation and NSSI urges and behaviors. Weekly surveys included exposure to self-harm content on social media and perceived daily social media hours. Logistic multilevel modeling was conducted to evaluate whether exposure to self-harm content on social media was associated with weekly SITBs, controlling for social media duration and depression symptoms.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Overall, 50% (n = 31) of adolescents reported seeing self-harm–related content on social media over the study period. There were significant associations between weeks of self-harm social media exposure and weekly NSSI urges and behaviors. There was no association between weekly social media self-harm exposure and suicidal ideation that week. Perceived social media use duration was not associated with SITBs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Findings indicate that exposure to self-harm content on social media may be a proximal risk factor for NSSI urges and behaviors among adolescents. Findings shed light on one modifiable way in which social media may heighten risk for SITBs among adolescents, lending empirical support to current guidelines about limiting self-harm content on social media.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Plain language summary&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study examined whether exposure to self-harm content on social media impacts teens’ self-injurious thoughts and behaviors, using intensive monitoring data. There were no direct links to suicidal thoughts; however, teens who reported exposure to self-harm content were more likely to have nonsuicidal self-injury urges and behaviors that week. There was no effect of screen time. Results indicate that self-harm exposure on social media is related to self-harm in teens, highlighting the importance of asking teens about self-harm exposure and policies geared towards content versus screen time.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Diversity &amp; Inclusion Statement&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We worked to ensure sex and gender balance in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure race, ethnic, and/or other types of diversity in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 431-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Moderating Role of Race/Ethnicity in Suicide Risk and Family Connectedness in Youth Presenting to the Emergency Department","authors":"Ritika Merai BA ,&nbsp;Tesia Shi BS ,&nbsp;August X. Wei BS ,&nbsp;Donna A. Ruch PhD ,&nbsp;Jeffrey A. Bridge PhD ,&nbsp;Maryland Pao MD ,&nbsp;Lisa M. Horowitz PhD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Significant racial disparities exist in youth suicide rates. Research has identified family connectedness as a strong protective factor against suicide. However, the role of family in youth mental health can vary based on cultural factors that may differ across race and/or ethnicity. This study aimed to evaluate how race/ethnicity moderates the association between suicide risk and family connectedness.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This secondary analysis of Emergency Department Screen for Teens at Risk for Suicide (ED-STARS) study 1 included youth ages 12 to 17 years. Data were obtained for race/ethnicity, family connectedness (combined score of 2 items, range 2 [low] to 10 [high]), and the Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ) tool. Binary logistic regression assessed the association between family connectedness and positive ASQ screen, with race/ethnicity as a moderator.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data for 5,514 participants (50.9% female, 45.8% non-Hispanic White, mean [SD] age = 15.0 [1.7] years) were analyzed. Of all participants, 23.5% (1,293/5,514) screened positive for suicide risk. Overall, participants reported high family connectedness (mean [SD] = 8.2 [1.74]). Multiracial participants had the lowest average family connectedness (7.93) and the highest screen positive rate (28.34% [70/247]). For a 1-unit increase in family connectedness, the odds of screening positive were significantly lower for Black/African American participants (odds ratio 0.54, 95% CI 0.49-0.59) compared to White participants (odds ratio 0.46, 95% CI 0.43-0.49) (difference: <em>z</em> = −3.17, <em>p</em> = .001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The protective effect of family connectedness for suicide risk may vary by race/ethnicity. In this study, family connectedness was less protective against suicide risk for Black/African American youth compared to White youth. Findings highlight the importance of cultural considerations in family-based interventions for suicide prevention.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>There are significant racial disparities in youth suicide rates, with family connectedness as one of the strongest protective factors against suicide. This study evaluated how race/ethnicity moderates the relation between suicide risk and family connectedness using data from the Emergency Department Screen for Teens at Risk for Suicide (ED-STARS) study which included youth aged 12-17 years. Family connectedness may be less protective against suicide risk for Black/African American youth compared to White youth. In addition, multiracial youth were at higher risk with the lowest average family connectedness and the highest screen positive rate for suicide risk. These results highlight the importance of cultural considerations in family-based interventions for suicide prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 448-454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review: A 25-Year Global Publication Analysis of the Role of Spirituality and Religiosity in Suicidal Risk Assessment in Adolescents","authors":"Talitha West MD, JD ,&nbsp;Junaid Rana MD ,&nbsp;Samreen Awan MD ,&nbsp;Adam J. Sagot DO, FAPA","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Religiosity and spirituality have demonstrated protective associations against suicidal ideation and behavior in adults. Despite accumulating evidence of similar associations in adolescents, no systematic review to the authors’ knowledge has examined associations between religiosity/spirituality and adolescent suicidality. The authors hypothesized that, in general, religiosity and spirituality would function as protective factors against suicidality in adolescent populations. This systematic review summarizes global findings on this topic, with particular focus on at-risk groups including racial, religious, and sexual minorities.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and CINAHL were searched for relevant studies on December 18, 2023. Eligible articles were from peer-reviewed journals, included subjects ages 10 to 25, and employed measures of suicidality and religiosity/spirituality. Studies were evaluated using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Inclusion criteria were met by 61 studies (340,170 participants); 49 were cross-sectional, 7 were longitudinal, and several were qualitative or used mixed methods. Of studies, 67.2% found protective associations between religiosity/spirituality and suicidality, 8.2% reported risk associations, 8.2% described complex associations, and 16.4% found no association. Mediators included general social support. Moderators included levels of parental monitoring. Studies of ethnoracially minoritized adolescents suggested a protective role for religiosity, whereas results in religiously minoritized and LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and others) adolescents were equivocal.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A substantial majority of studies demonstrated that greater investment in religiosity/spirituality predicted reduced suicidality in adolescents. Findings suggest that religiosity and spirituality can provide adolescents with reasons for living and should be addressed in clinical practice and prevention efforts. Limitations include the cross-sectional design of most included studies, preventing causal inferences. Future research should evaluate spiritually inclusive therapeutic and preventive interventions for adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>This review of 61 worldwide studies found that adolescents who reported being more religious or spiritual were less likely to think about suicide or attempt suicide. Religion and spirituality appeared more strongly associated with lesser suicidality for teenagers from racial minorities than for teenagers from religious or sexual and gender minorities. Religious groups can provide social support for teens who are at risk for suicide. Mental health providers may collaborate with religious groups on suicide prevention efforts.</div></div><div><h3>Study registration information</h3><div>Prevalence of Neurodevelopmental Disorders am","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 347-378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Dimensions of Aggressive Behavior in Diverse Youth: The Peer Conflict Scale in English and Spanish","authors":"Denise López Sosa BA ,&nbsp;Kate Simmons BS ,&nbsp;Ashley R. Karlovich MS ,&nbsp;Natalie Mastalerz BA ,&nbsp;Spencer C. Evans PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Researchers have differentiated forms (overt, relational) and functions (proactive, reactive) of aggressive behavior; however, the assessment options for measuring these constructs in youth remain limited. This study examined the parent-report Peer Conflict Scale (PCS) for measuring forms and functions of youth aggressive behavior in English and Spanish, including short- and long-form versions.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants were caregivers of 653 youths (ages 6-17; 57% male; 48% Hispanic) throughout North America. The PCS and other measures of emotional, behavioral, and social functioning were collected by parent-report in English (51%) and Spanish (49%). Analyses examined the descriptive characteristics, internal consistency, validity correlations, factor structure, and measurement invariance of the PCS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All PCS scales showed good or excellent internal consistency (αs/ωs = .82-.97). Convergent and discriminant validity hypotheses were generally supported, but with limited specificity to aggression dimensions. The independent forms-by-functions model (4 factors) fit best, although support was also found for general aggression, forms or functions, and paired form-by-function models (1-4 factors; root mean square error of approximation &lt;0.07, comparative fit index and Tucker-Lewis index &gt;0.96). The PCS demonstrated invariance and acceptable fit across language, gender, and age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Findings support the reliability, validity, and utility of the PCS for assessing youth aggressive behavior as rated by English- and Spanish-speaking caregivers, whether via full-length (40-item) or brief (20-item) versions. Given that parent-rated PCS dimensions are highly correlated yet distinct, clinicians and researchers could use it to measure and model the aspects of aggressive behavior most relevant to their goals: general aggression, forms, functions, or forms and functions.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>Children and adolescents who engage in aggressive behavior face challenges at home, in school, and in their day-to-day activities. Few instruments can measure both the forms and the functions of aggression in youth, and even fewer have been validated among Spanish-speaking caregivers. Using a large online survey, this study examined a parent-report questionnaire, the Peer Conflict Scale (PCS), in terms of how well it measures the forms and functions of aggressive behavior among diverse youth. Results support the reliability and validity of the PCS, in full-length and short versions, and in English and Spanish.</div></div><div><h3>Diversity &amp; Inclusion Statement</h3><div>We worked to ensure race, ethnic, and/or other types of diversity in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure sex and gender balance in the recruitment of human participants. We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 768-781"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}