JAACAP open最新文献

{"title":"Correlates of Deliberate Self-Harm in Youth With Autism and/or Intellectual Disability","authors":"Carmen Lopez-Arvizu MD ,&nbsp;Danielle L. Steelesmith PhD ,&nbsp;Brittany N. Hand PhD, OTR/L ,&nbsp;Rui Huang PhD ,&nbsp;Amanda J. Thompson PhD ,&nbsp;Elyse N. Llamocca PhD ,&nbsp;Bridget A. Quinn BS ,&nbsp;Cynthia A. Fontanella PhD ,&nbsp;John V. Campo MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify correlates of deliberate self-harm (DSH) in youth with autism and/or intellectual disability (ID).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This retrospective longitudinal cohort analysis used claims data for youth ages 5 to 24 years continuously enrolled in Medicaid in a midwestern state for 6 months and diagnosed with autism and/or ID between 2010 and 2020 (N = 41,230). Cox proportional hazards regression examined associations between demographic and clinical variables and time to DSH for study cohorts with autism and/or ID.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Autism was diagnosed in 34.3% of the sample, ID was diagnosed in 30.6%, and both autism and ID were diagnosed in 35.1%. Sample youth were predominantly male (73.4%) and had an internalizing (74.8%) or externalizing (62.1%) mental health condition. At least 1 DSH event was identified for 734 youths (2.6%) with autism and 686 youths (2.7%) with ID during follow-up. Increased risk of DSH was associated with older age; female sex; history of abuse or neglect; and co-occurring externalizing problems, internalizing problems, substance use, and thought problems for the autism cohort and ID cohort and with the presence of a chronic complex medical condition in the autism cohort. Risk of DSH was significantly lower for youth with moderate ID and youth eligible for Medicaid via disability and foster care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Risk factors for DSH in youth with autism and ID are similar to those in neurotypical youth and include increasing age, trauma, mental health conditions, substance use, and female sex. Clinician and consumer education regarding suicide risk and its correlates in youth with autism and ID warrants study.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>This study of youth aged 5 to 24 enrolled in Ohio Medicaid found that 2.6% of youth with autism and 2.7% of youth with intellectual disabilities (ID) had at least one deliberate self-harm (DSH) event between 2010 and 2020. Youth who were older, female, had a history of abuse or neglect, and had co-occurring externalizing, internalizing, substance use, or thought problems, had increased risk for DSH. Risk of DSH was lower for youth with moderate ID and those eligible for Medicaid via disability and foster care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 477-484"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationships Between Nonsuicidal Self-Injury, Connectedness, and Suicide Risk in Youth Presenting to the Emergency Department","authors":"Tesia Shi BS ,&nbsp;Ritika Merai BA ,&nbsp;Nathan J. Lowry BA ,&nbsp;Donna A. Ruch PhD ,&nbsp;Jeffrey A. Bridge PhD ,&nbsp;Maryland Pao MD ,&nbsp;Lisa M. Horowitz PhD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), defined as harming one’s own body without suicidal intent, is a strong risk factor for suicidal thoughts and behaviors in adolescents. One promising protective factor that can mitigate suicide risk conferred by NSSI is connectedness. This study aimed to examine the association between connectedness (family, school, peer, and overall), NSSI, and suicide risk in pediatric emergency department patients.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This is a secondary analysis of data from the Emergency Department Screen for Teens at Risk for Suicide (ED-STARS) study. Youth ages 12 to 17 years completed questions on demographics; past-year NSSI history; the Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ) tool; and 2 items each on family, school, and peer connectedness. Overall connectedness was a composite of the 6 items. Multivariable logistic regressions assessed the associations between connectedness, NSSI, and suicide risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data were analyzed from 5,406 participants (55.2% female, 45.9% non-Hispanic White, mean [SD] age = 15.0 [1.7]). Out of all participants, 23.3% (1,258/5,406) screened positive for suicide risk, and 18.1% (981/5,406) reported past-year NSSI history. For every 1-point increase from mean family connectedness, the odds of screening positive for suicide risk decreased by 62% (odds ratio 0.38, 95% CI 0.31-0.46) for youth with NSSI and 70% (odds ratio 0.30, 95% CI 0.27-0.34) for youth without NSSI (difference: <em>z</em> = 1.96, <em>p</em> = .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Connectedness was protective against suicide risk across the sample regardless of NSSI history. However, family connectedness was less protective for youth with NSSI compared with youth without NSSI. Future research should examine connectedness in greater detail and the quality of different relationships that could be protective for at-risk youth.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), the act of harming one’s own body without suicidal intent, is a strong risk factor for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) in adolescents. One important protective factor that can decrease suicide risk and NSSI is connectedness. This study aimed to examine relations among types of connectedness (family, school, peer and overall), NSSI, and suicide risk in pediatric emergency department patients. All domains of connectedness (family, school, peer and overall) were found to be associated with lower suicide risk, regardless of NSSI history. However, family connectedness was associated with less of a buffering effect for youth with NSSI compared to youth without NSSI. System-level interventions that strengthen family, school, and peer networks have the potential to reduce youth suicidality risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 439-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing and Piloting Suicide Prevention Training in Pediatric Primary Care","authors":"John T. Parkhurst PhD ,&nbsp;Mallory Hilliard LCSW, CADC ,&nbsp;Dana E. Hubbell BS ,&nbsp;Andrea E. Spencer MD ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Hoffmann MD, MS ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Martinez-Charleston MA ,&nbsp;Jeffrey L. Loughead MD ,&nbsp;Aron Janssen MD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Suicide prevention is an expected competency of pediatric primary care clinicians (PPCCs). Suicide prevention training should be tailored to the recipient’s setting, localized needs, and available models of care. This article describes a first step in community-participatory development and pilot evaluation of a suicide prevention training series for PPCCs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Using guidance from community advisors and a survey of PPCCs (N = 81), we developed a pragmatic 3-part suicide prevention training series, consisting of a brief didactic (20 minutes), video demonstration (20 minutes), and simulated role play (30 minutes). The suicide prevention training series was piloted with 20 PPCCs to assess feasibility, acceptability, and PPCC confidence.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;PPCCs who desired training in suicide risk identification (54%) and managing patients after risks were identified (67%), which were integrated into the training series. The training had high acceptability (mean ≥ 4.03 on the Acceptability of Intervention Measure) and feasibility (mean ≥ 3.73 on the Feasibility of Intervention Measure) across the 3 components. Participant confidence in screening, assessing, and safety planning increased 22.7% from baseline to post assessment (n = 18, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = .010, &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; = 1.23) and 23.2% at the 2-month follow up (n = 16, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = .010, &lt;em&gt;d&lt;/em&gt; = 1.45).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Suicide prevention training that is responsive to the challenges inherent to the pediatric primary care setting is feasible, acceptable, and increases confidence of PPCCs in conducting evidence-based suicide prevention interventions. Considerations for the practicality and opportunities for advancement in evaluation of suicide prevention training are explored.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Plain language summary&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study developed and piloted a suicide prevention training for pediatric primary care clinicians using clinician input. The three-part training series included education, video demonstration, and role play for screening, assessing, and safety planning with youth at risk for suicide. The training was well received, and significantly increased clinician confidence in identifying and managing suicide risk. These findings suggest that practical suicide prevention training for clinicians can enhance their skills and confidence in delivering suicide prevention interventions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Diversity &amp; Inclusion Statement&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We worked to ensure that the study questionnaires were prepared in an inclusive way. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented sexual and/or gender groups in science. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science. We actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in o","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 538-547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Outcomes of an Adolescent Intensive Outpatient Program for Depressed and Suicidal Youth","authors":"Kelsey M. Bero MS ,&nbsp;Giana I. Teresi MS ,&nbsp;Giovanna Porta MS ,&nbsp;Kimberly Poling LCSW ,&nbsp;David A. Brent MD ,&nbsp;Tina R. Goldstein PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Intensive outpatient programs (IOPs) provide an intermediate level of care for high-risk youth and were required to rapidly pivot to telehealth services amid the COVID-19 pandemic. This article aimed to compare symptom outcomes among adolescents treated in IOPs before vs during the pandemic and during the latter period to examine outcomes among adolescents who attended in-person vs via telehealth IOPs.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Depressed adolescents recommended for IOPs between December 2014 and April 2022 (N = 1,152) completed validated self-reports throughout treatment. Patients treated during the pandemic completed treatment in person, via telehealth, or a combination of both. Mixed-effects models were used to examine changes in symptoms over time in treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with pre-pandemic patients (n = 828), adolescents who presented for treatment after the pandemic onset (n = 324) reported increased depression, anxiety, and nonsuicidal self-injury (<em>p</em>s ≤. 006) at intake. Adolescents treated in IOPs (n = 855) demonstrated significant improvement over each week in treatment (<em>p</em>s &lt; .001) across measures of depression (<em>b</em> = −0.79, 95% CI [−0.88, −0.71]), suicidal ideation and behavior (odds ratio = 0.59, 95% CI [0.55, 0.62]), and nonsuicidal self-injury (odds ratio = 0.51, 95% CI [0.46, 0.56]). Significant interactions between time and patient cohort indicated that the slopes of improvement for all outcomes were steeper during the pandemic (<em>p</em>s &lt; .001). There were no differences in improvement of depression, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, or nonsuicidal self-injury for in-person vs telehealth treatment during the pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings indicate similar treatment response to both IOP treatment modalities for suicidal adolescents. Future research should discern factors leading to faster response after the pandemic onset.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>This study examined treatment response in an intensive outpatient program (IOP) for depressed and suicidal adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and compared response based on IOP delivery modality (ie, in-person vs telehealth). Depressed and suicidal adolescents presenting for IOP after the pandemic onset reported more severe symptoms at IOP intake than those who presented prior to the pandemic; however, their symptoms improved more quickly. Youth showed similar response to treatment regardless of whether IOP was delivered in person, via telehealth, or in combination. Clinicians providing treatment for depressed and suicidal youth may consider community-based IOPs that incorporate evidence-based programming delivered either in person or virtually as a promising treatment option for those in need of more intensive treatment, hospital diversion and/or step-down care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 576-588"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Adjunctive Topiramate in Adolescents With Co-Occurring Bipolar and Cannabis Use Disorders","authors":"Jenni E. Farrow MD,&nbsp;Melissa P. DelBello MD, MS,&nbsp;Luis R. Patino MD, MSc,&nbsp;Thomas J. Blom MS,&nbsp;Jeffrey A. Welge PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;To evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive topiramate (TPM) for the treatment of cannabis use disorder in adolescents with bipolar I disorder.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;We conducted a 16-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled investigation of quetiapine plus TPM (median dose = 208 mg) vs quetiapine plus placebo in adolescents with bipolar I and cannabis use disorder. All subjects participated in a Motivational Interview and Compliance Enhancement Therapy. The primary outcome measure was change in weekly cannabis use over a 16-week treatment period using the Timeline Followback. The secondary outcome measure was the baseline-to-endpoint total score change in the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A total of 75 participants completed at least 1 post-baseline assessment (TPM = 38, placebo = 37). There was a significant time-by-treatment effect over the 16-week treatment period, with baseline-adjusted treatment differences in favor of the TPM group over time (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; .001). Although there was no difference in baseline-to-endpoint YMRS total score change between groups (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = .342), there was a&lt;del&gt;s&lt;/del&gt; significant decline in YMRS total score within both groups (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; .0001). There was a significant positive effect for alcohol use (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; .001) and nicotine use (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = .033) in the TPM group. More participants in the TPM group experienced appetite decrease (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = .032) and excitement (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = .025). Participants in the placebo group experienced greater weight gain (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = .010).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Treatment with TPM adjunctive to quetiapine and a Motivational Interview and Compliance Enhancement Therapy is associated with a greater decrease in cannabis use and less weight gain. TPM is a well-tolerated and efficacious treatment for cannabis use disorder in adolescents with bipolar I disorder.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Plain language summary&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Cannabis is the most commonly misused drug in adolescents with bipolar disorder, and there is limited prior research supporting the addition of topiramate to motivational enhancement for the treatment of cannabis use disorder. In this study, 75 adolescents and young adults, aged 12-21, with bipolar I disorder participated in a 16-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of quetiapine plus topiramate versus quetiapine plus placebo treatment for cannabis use disorder. All subjects participated in a Motivational Interview and Compliance Enhancement Therapy. The group receiving topiramate had a greater decrease in the use of cannabis, alcohol, and nicotine, as well as less weight gain. These results suggest that adjunctive topiramate to quetiapine and motivational interview may be helpful in the treatment of cannabis use disorder in adolescents and young adults with bipolar 1 disorder.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Clinical trial registration informat","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 290-300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Among Transition Age Youth Compared to Adults 26 or Older in Rural Settings","authors":"José M. Flores MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Emily Kan PhD ,&nbsp;Larissa J. Mooney MD ,&nbsp;Huyen Pham PhD ,&nbsp;Yuhui Zhu PhD ,&nbsp;Kate Wolitzky-Taylor PhD ,&nbsp;Yih-Ing Hser PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Transition age youth (TAY), aged 18 to 25 years, face barriers to medication treatment for opioid use disorder (MOUD), resulting in lower retention. We evaluated OUD prevalence and MOUD receipt comparing TAY to adults aged 26 or older residing in rural settings.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Electronic health records (October 2019 to January 2021) for 36,762 patients across 6 primary care clinics involved in a large feasibility trial in US rural communities were analyzed. All clinics implemented a standardized intervention. Mixed effects logistic/linear regression estimated the odds of OUD diagnosis among all patients, and, among those with OUD, the odds of receiving MOUD and days prescribed MOUD during the 15-month study period, comparing age categories (TAY aged 18-25 years vs adults 26 years or older). Covariates included gender, race, ethnicity, mental health comorbidities, and insurance status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>OUD prevalence was 2.82% among TAY (n = 3,122) and 3.24% among adults aged 26 or older (n = 33,208). After adjusting for covariates and clustering, TAY had significantly lower odds of OUD diagnosis compared to adults 26 years or older (odds ratio = 0.58, 95% CI 0.45-0.73). There were no significant differences in MOUD receipt between age groups. Compared to adults aged 26 or older, TAY with OUD had significantly fewer MOUD days during the study, −43.81 days (−76.85 to −10.77).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Although no differences were observed in MOUD prescription receipt between TAY and adults aged 26 or older, TAY with OUD had fewer total days prescribed MOUD, indicating lower retention. Further research generalizable to rural communities is needed to assess retention among rural TAY with OUD.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>This study used data from the electronic health records of 6 rural primary care clinics across three states to compare the diagnostic rates of opioid use disorder (OUD) and the prescription of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) between 3,122 transition age youths (aged 18-25) and 33,208 adults aged 26 or older. The study found that the rates of OUD were lower in youths under age 25 compared to adults 26 or older. However, among participants diagnosed with OUD, youths under age 25 received 43 to 63 fewer days of prescribed MOUD compared to adults 26 years or older. These findings indicate possible inconsistencies in care such as lower retention or lower adherence affecting transition age youths compared to adults 26 or older. These findings highlight the need for age-appropriate interventions to improve treatment among youths with opioid use disorder in rural settings.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registration information</h3><div>Rural MOUD Telemedicine in Primary Care Phase 1 (Feasibility); <span><span>https://clinicaltrials.gov/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>; NCT04418453.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 231-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Monitoring Illicit Substance Use Consortium: A Study Protocol","authors":"Christopher J. Greenwood BPsych(Hons), PhD ,&nbsp;Primrose Letcher MPsych(Clin), PhD ,&nbsp;Esther Laurance BA, MCrim ,&nbsp;Joseph M. Boden PhD ,&nbsp;James Foulds PhD ,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. Spry BA(Hons), PhD ,&nbsp;Jessica A. Kerr PhD ,&nbsp;John W. Toumbourou BA(Hons), MA, PhD ,&nbsp;Jessica A. Heerde PhD ,&nbsp;Catherine Nolan GradDipAppHlth ,&nbsp;Yvonne Bonomo MBBS, FRACP, PhD, FAChAM ,&nbsp;Delyse M. Hutchinson MClinPsych, PhD ,&nbsp;Tim Slade PhD ,&nbsp;Stephanie R. Aarsman MBiostat ,&nbsp;Craig A. Olsson PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The global impact of substance use, including cannabis, amphetamine, cocaine, ecstasy, hallucinogens, and opioids, is increasing, although the overall prevalence is low. Australia and New Zealand are among the few regions of the world in which use (typically illicit) of these classes of substances remains within the top 10 causes of disease burden. The period of adolescence and young adulthood, during which substance use behaviors accelerate in prevalence, is associated with a particular risk for harm. However, the ability to study each substance class has been limited by their low population prevalence in single population-based cohort studies.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The Monitoring Illicit Substance Use (MISUse) Consortium was established to address this problem by bringing together 4 mature prospective cohort studies across Australia and Zealand: Christchurch Health and Development Study (established 1977; 24 waves; N = 1,265), Australian Temperament Project (established 1983; 16 waves; N = 2,443), Victorian Adolescent Health Cohort Study (established 1992; 11 waves; N = 1,943), and International Youth Development Study (established 2002; 10 waves; N = 2,884).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The MISUse Consortium should enable well-powered studies of the natural history, developmental antecedents, and longer-term consequences of illicit substance use with a focus on identifying modifiable determinants of use that can be targeted in population-level policy and intervention responses.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>Illicit substance use is a leading risk factor for disease burden in Australasia. However, the low prevalence of use limits research efforts. The MISUse Consortium brings together four mature Australasian cohort studies, from adolescence to adulthood, building a harmonized data resource capable of examining the natural history, developmental origins, and consequences of illicit substance use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 311-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140781316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Association Between Prenatal Cannabis Use and Risk of Developmental Delay","authors":"Dana Watts MSc ,&nbsp;Catherine Lebel PhD ,&nbsp;Kathleen Chaput PhD ,&nbsp;Gerald F. Giesbrecht PhD, RPsych ,&nbsp;Kyle Dewsnap MA ,&nbsp;Samantha L. Baglot MSc ,&nbsp;Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Conflicting results have arisen regarding the association between prenatal cannabis exposure and risk of parent-reported developmental delay in infancy. In certain instances, this literature has become outdated or failed to adjust for confounding variables. The current study aimed to determine if prenatal cannabis exposure was associated with a greater likelihood of risk of parent-reported developmental delay at 12 months of age in a contemporary cohort, while adjusting for common confounding variables.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants (n = 10,695) were part of the Pregnancy During the COVID-19 Pandemic (PdP) study. A subset of the sample (n = 3,742) provided a parent-report developmental assessment, the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition (ASQ-3), of their infant at 12 months old. Sociodemographic differences between participants who reported cannabis use (CU+ group) and those who did not (CU− group) were analyzed. To address potential heterogeneity between CU+ and CU− groups, propensity score weighting was used. G-computations were performed to analyze the association between outcome variables (gestational age, birth weight, and risk of parent-reported developmental delay) and prenatal cannabis exposure. Weighted linear or quasi-binominal logistic regression models were used, with differences of averages and odds ratios reported.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants in CU+ and CU− groups significantly differed on all sociodemographic variables. Prenatal cannabis exposure was not associated with any birth outcomes (<em>p</em>s &gt; .05). Prenatal cannabis exposure was significantly associated with risk of parent-reported developmental delay on the communication domain (<em>p</em> = .02). This finding was not significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. No additional domains were significantly associated (<em>p</em>s &gt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Prenatal cannabis exposure was associated with increased odds of delay on the communication domain before adjusting for multiple comparisons. No other domains were significantly associated with increased odds of delay. These findings should not be interpreted as suggesting that consuming cannabis products during pregnancy is safe for infant development. Further, the analysis was performed using data from a longitudinal sample that was not specifically created to address this question, but was leveraged to explore these outcomes. Additional studies that are specifically designed to examine these outcomes are needed.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>Prior research has been conflicting regarding the link between prenatal cannabis exposure and developmental delays. Secondary analysis of data from the cross-Canada Pregnancy During the COVID-19 Pandemic (PdP) study showed significant sociodemographic differences between individuals who did and did not use cannabis during pregnancy. However, prenat","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 250-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141142236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis Vaping Is Associated With Past 30-Day Suicide Attempts and Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents in a Psychiatric Inpatient Setting","authors":"Sarah A. Thomas PhD ,&nbsp;Elizabeth C. Thompson PhD ,&nbsp;Micaela M. Maron BS ,&nbsp;Samuel N. Meisel PhD ,&nbsp;Anthony Spirito PhD ,&nbsp;Jennifer C. Wolff PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Increasing evidence links adolescent cannabis use (CU) to suicidal thoughts and behaviors. CU may be associated with both developing and self-medicating psychiatric symptoms. Although relatively new, cannabis vaping is increasing among adolescents. This chart review investigation evaluated the association between cannabis vaping and suicidal thoughts and behaviors among adolescents experiencing acute psychiatric symptomatology.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The sample included 470 adolescents (ages 11-18; 64% biological female) admitted to an inpatient psychiatric hospital between 2021 and 2023. Adolescents completed an assessment battery measuring CU, psychiatric symptoms, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Separate regressions tested links between cannabis vaping and 2 outcomes—past 30-day suicide attempt and suicidal ideation (SI)—controlling for age and biological sex.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this sample, 26.8% reported past 30-day suicide attempts; 44.3% endorsed ever using cannabis, and 31.5% reported past 30-day CU. Of adolescents who ever used cannabis, 30.8% reported their most frequent method was vaping. Vaping as the most frequent cannabis method was associated with past 30-day suicide attempts (adjusted odds ratio = 2.38, <em>p</em> = .002) and greater SI (<em>b</em> = 8.71, <em>p</em> = .020). The association remained significant for suicide attempts, but only marginally significant for SI (<em>p</em> = .087), after controlling for depressive symptoms, impulse control, psychosocial impairment, and past 30-day substance use.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Vaping as the most frequent method of CU was significantly associated with suicide attempts and SI. Because data are cross-sectional, causality cannot be inferred. Nonetheless, cannabis vaping is important to assess among adolescents with acute psychiatric concerns because it may place them at higher risk for suicidal thoughts and attempts.</div></div><div><h3>Plain language summary</h3><div>Vaping can deliver higher potency cannabis than other routes of administration, and adolescents are increasingly vaping to consume cannabis. This chart review study of 470 adolescents admitted to an inpatient psychiatric hospital found that vaping is the most frequent way of using cannabis. Vaping was associated with a greater likelihood of a past 30-day suicide attempt and worse suicidal thoughts compared to adolescents who never used or who smoked cannabis as their primary method. Adults should be aware of how adolescents are consuming cannabis, especially if it is occurring in the context of psychiatric disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 263-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141038513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invisible Allies: Thanking Our Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":73525,"journal":{"name":"JAACAP open","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages 323-325"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11650688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}