Iranian journal of cancer prevention最新文献

{"title":"Immunohistochemistry Study of P53 and C-erbB-2 Expression in Trophoblastic Tissue and Their Predictive Values in Diagnosing Malignant Progression of Simple Molar Pregnancy","authors":"M. Hasanzadeh, N. Sharifi, M. Farazestanian, Seyed Saman Nazemian, Faezeh Madani Sani","doi":"10.17795/ijcp-4115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/ijcp-4115","url":null,"abstract":"Background Finding a tumor marker to predict the aggressive behavior of molar pregnancy in early stages has yet been a topic for studies. Objectives In this survey we planned to study patients with molar pregnancy to 1) assess the p53 and c-erbB-2 expression in trophoblastic tissue, 2) to study the relationship between their expression intensity and progression of a molar pregnancy to gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, and 3) to determine a cut off value for the amount of p53 and c-erbB-2 expression which might correlate with aggressive behavior of molar pregnancy. Patients and Methods In a prospective cross sectional study by using a high accuracy technique EnVision Tm system for immunohistochemistry staining of molar pregnancy samples, we evaluated p53 and c-erbB-2 expression in cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast and the correlation of their expression with progression of molar pregnancy to gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). Normal prostatic tissue and Breast cancer tissue were used as positive controls. Results We studied 28 patients with simple molar pregnancy (SMP) and 30 with GTN. Cytotrophobalst had significantly higher expression of p53 and c-erbB-2 and syncytiotrophoblast had greater expression of p53 in GTN group as compared to SMP group. The cut off values for percentage of p53 positive immunostained cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast were 5.5% and 2.5%. In c-erbB-2 positive membranous stained cytotrophoblast the cut off was 12.5%. Conclusions Our data suggests that over expression of p53 and c-erbB-2 is associated with malignant progression of molar pregnancy. We encountered that high expression of p53 and c-erbB-2 in trophoblastic cells could predict gestational trophoblastic neoplasia during the early stages.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68179835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT Simulation to Evaluate of Pelvic Lymph Node Coverage in Conventional Radiotherapy Fields Based on Bone and Vessels Landmarks in Prostate Cancer Patients","authors":"Amir Shahram Yousefi Kashi, Samira Khaledi, M. Houshyari","doi":"10.17795/ijcp-6233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/ijcp-6233","url":null,"abstract":"Background Radiotherapy is the gold standard for treatment of prostrate cancer as it can cover an adequate area of tissues at risk for metastasis. Objectives We evaluated the Pelvic lymph node coverage of conventional radiotherapy fields based on bone and vessels landmarks using computed tomography (CT) simulation in patients with prostate cancer referred to Shohada-e-Tajrish hospital. Patients and Methods In this cross sectional study, 40 patients with prostate cancer at the Stage T1c to T3b were studied. Pelvic lymph nodes were contoured by using pelvic vessels as surrogate markers. The distances were measured at different points of anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral fields and distances > 5 mm or more between the contoured nodes and the field borders. Results Mean and standard deviation of the aortic bifurcation from the superior border was 4.73 ± 1.16 cm, the distance of common iliac bifurcation from the superior border was 1.11 ± 1.25 cm, the mean (SD) distance of right external iliac from the lateral border of AP field was 2.06 ± 0.48 cm and for left external iliac artery was 1.90 ± 0.56 cm. The distance of the external iliac artery from the anterior border of the lateral field was 2.30 ± 0.74 cm. The distance of the external iliac artery from pelvic rim was 0.59 ± 0.59 cm, distance of bifurcation of iliac from sacroiliac joint was 0.82 ± 1.01 cm, the size of the pelvic rim was 12.30 ± 0.64 cm, sacral width was 8.29 ± 1.01 cm, anterior promontory symphysis distance was 12.02 ± 0.92 cm and posterior promontory symphysis distance was 10.98 ± 0.73 cm. Conclusions We observed that conventional radiotherapy using CT simulation based on bone and vessels landmarks provided adequate coverage of pelvic lymph nodes in our patients with prostate cancer.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68181937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactobacilli Differentially Modulate mTOR and Wnt/ β-Catenin Pathways in Different Cancer Cell Lines","authors":"Z. Taherian-Esfahani, A. Abedin-Do, Z. Nouri, R. Mirfakhraie, S. Ghafouri-Fard, E. Motevaseli","doi":"10.17795/ijcp-5369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/ijcp-5369","url":null,"abstract":"Background Lactobacilli are a group of beneficial bacteria whose anti cancer effects have been evaluated in different cancer cell lines as well as animal models and human subjects. Such anti cancer effects can be exerted via different mechanisms such as modulation of immune response as well as inhibition of pathogens colonization. In addition, lactobacilli have direct cytotoxic effects against cancer cells which may be exerted through modulation of expression cancer related pathways. Objectives The aim of this study is to find the mechanism of anti cancer effects of two lactobacilli strains, Lactobacillus. crispatus (LC) and Lactobacillus. rhamnosus (LR). Materials and Methods We analyzed expression of some mTOR and Wnt/ β-catenin pathways genes in three cancer cell lines (HeLa, MDA-MB-231 and HT-29) following treatment with LC and LR culture supernatants. Results Of note, the expression of CCND1 as a marker of cell proliferation, survival, and angiogenesis, has been decreased following LR treatment in all cell lines. In addition, the expression of SFRP2, an antagonist of Wnt pathway, has been increased in HT-29 following LR treatment and in HeLa cells following LR and LC treatments. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the downregulation of S6K1 expression, a marker of poor prognosis, following LR treatment in HT-29 and following LR and LC treatments in MDA-MB-231 cell line. Conclusions Consequently, lactobacilli can modulate expression of mTOR and Wnt/ β-catenin pathways genes in cancer cell lines in a strain specific as well as cell type specific manner.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68181828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Patient Received Combination Chemotherapy Gemcitabine, Cisplatin, and 5-FU for Biliary Tract Cancer","authors":"M. Aznab, M. Khazaei","doi":"10.17795/ijcp-4211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/ijcp-4211","url":null,"abstract":"Stevens-Johnson syndrome has been an acute, usually self-limiting disease of the skin and mucous membranes. This case report has presented an evidence of the development Stevens - Johnson syndrome associated with combination chemotherapy administration of 5FU, gemcitabin and cisplatin in a patient with biliary tract cancer. Our case was a 54-year-old woman patient, a case of biliary tract cancer who has developed more severe symptoms of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Diagnosis has confirmed by skin biopsy of an affected area .The patient has improved with supportive care, and during 25 day occurred recovery. Although Stevens-Johnson syndrome has been a rare toxicity, physicians should pay a special attention to the monitoring of biliary tract cancer patients on combination chemotherapy with 5FU, cisplatin and gemcitabin.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68180385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhabdomyosarcoma of Cervix: A Case Report","authors":"M. Hosseini, T. Ashrafganjoei, A. Sourati, Morteza Tabatabeifar, Mahdiss Mohamadianamiri","doi":"10.17795/ijcp-4383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/ijcp-4383","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Rhabdomyosarcoma has known as a highly malignant soft tissue sarcoma. It has been the most common soft tissue sarcoma in childhood, accounting for about 3 to 4 % of all cases of childhood cancer. Rhabdomyosarcoma was rare in adults, accounting for 3% of all soft-tissue sarcomas. embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of female genital tract including uterine cervix in an adult was rare. Case Presentation This study has reported a 33-year-old woman presented with abnormal vaginal discharge. Gynecologic examination revealed a cervical mass with grape- like feature protruding into vagina with posterior- superior vaginal wall involvement. Biopsy has performed and pathologic examination was consistent with embryonal botryoid type rhabdomyosarcoma. She has undergone the staging work up measurements including thoracic computed tomography (CT) scan, abdominopelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), bone scan and bone marrow examination. In exception of abdominopelvic MRI, with 2 suspicious pelvic lymph nodes in addition of cervical mass, all others were normal. Radical hysterectomy with lymph node debulking and ovarian preservation has performed. Final results have shown embryonal botryoid type rhabdomyosarcoma of cervix. ovaries, endometrium, parametrium, and follopian tubes were unremarkable. Pelvic lymph nodes pathology and intraabdominal fluid cytology were negative for malignancy. Lymphovascular invasion was identified. She has advised for adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions This case has reminded that embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma could occur in uncommon site and older female. Longer follow up of these cases has required due to lack of survival data for embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of this site and age group.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68180216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Value of Age, Sex, and Subsite in Cutaneous Head and Neck Melanoma: A Clinical Review of Recent Literature","authors":"Sameep P. Kadakia, D. Chan, Moustafa W Mourad, Y. Ducic","doi":"10.17795/ijcp-5079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/ijcp-5079","url":null,"abstract":"Context Cutaneous head and neck melanoma is a challenging disease owing to its aggressive nature and often times advanced stage at presentation. Age, sex, and subsite are three prognostic indicators which can be determined prior to treatment or testing, and can allow the practitioner to counsel the patient before initiating therapy. Evidence Acquisition A PubMed search was conducted utilizing various terms relating to the subject matter. Articles over the past 25 years were analyzed and appropriately selected for review. Results It appears that patients older than 65 have a decreased overall 5 year survival compared to their younger counterparts. Male patients have poorer prognosis compared to female patients as noted by the decreased overall survival, decreased disease specific survival, and shorter time to distant metastasis. Scalp subsite was most uniformly accepted as having the worst prognosis in the head and neck, and may even serve as an independent prognostic indicator. Conclusions Advanced age, male sex, and scalp subsite all portend poor prognosis in patients with cutaneous head and neck melanoma.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68181483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer Screening, Effective or Harmful?","authors":"Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari","doi":"10.17795/ijcp-7616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/ijcp-7616","url":null,"abstract":"Once a widely accepted notion, mammography screening is now called into doubt, in some cases rendered unjustifiable, by studies in developed countries. In spite of the fact that screening cannot prove to be effective may seem meaningless at the first glance, in practice, the procedures and strategies are to be reconstructed. In Iran, for instance, 40% of diagnosed breast cancer in women are locally developed or metastatic. The main issues for screening such cancers are primary tumor size, axillary nodal status down staging strategy, and screening programs. In fact, by cancer early detection we will be needless of the high technology of the developed world, while we lack the infrastructure and resources to use the technology appropriately to achieve adequate coverage of the population. In our previous studies, we found that tumor size and nodal status are the most frequent symptoms for referring to clinics, also we concluded that screening mammography in many countries would not be beneficial. Although effective in the first round for detection of about 53% of the cancer cases, provided the equipment is readily available throughout the country, it is far less efficient in the second and third rounds which spells an ineffective strategy. Therefore, a shift in strategies seems essential for health decision makers especially in countries including Iran.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68182469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Variations in Leptin and Leptin Receptor and Susceptibility to Colorectal Cancer and Obesity","authors":"T. Mahmoudi, H. Farahani, H. Nobakht, R. Dabiri, M. Zali","doi":"10.17795/ijcp-7013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/ijcp-7013","url":null,"abstract":"Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality around the world. Objectives With regard to the role of obesity in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the role of leptin in obesity, we investigated whether leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) gene variants are associated with CRC risk. Patients and Methods We evaluated LEP (rs7799039) and LEPR (rs1137101) gene variants by using PCR-RFLP method in 261 cases with CRC and 339 controls. Results No significant difference was found for rs7799039 and rs1137101gene variants between the cases with CRC and controls. However, the LEPR rs1137101 “GG” genotype compared with “AA” genotype and “AA + AG” genotype was associated with increased risks for obesity, and the differences remained significant after adjustment for confounding factors including age, sex, smoking status, and NSAID use (P = 0.015; OR = 2.42, 95%CI = 1.19 - 4.93 and P = 0.016; OR = 2.28, 95%CI = 1.17 - 4.48, respectively). In addition, the LEPR “G” allele compared with the “A” allele was associated with an increased risk for obesity (P = 0.024; OR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.05 - 1.98). Conclusions Consistent with most previous studies, our findings found no association between LEP (rs7799039) and LEPR (rs1137101) gene variants and CRC risk. However, the LEPR rs1137101 “GG” genotype compared with the “AA” genotype and “AA+AG” genotype was associated with a 2.42-fold and a 2.28-fold increased risk for obesity, respectively.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68182549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer Screening, Effective or Harmful?","authors":"Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari","doi":"10.17795/ijcp-6633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/ijcp-6633","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer screening is a signal protocol created by health manpower to save lives due to prevention of cancer establishment or early detection with better prognosis. During the recent decade, some doubt have been casted and fact have risen to inhibit classic screening and introduce same new procedure instead of them. \u0000 \u0000The most popular cancer in screening procedures is breast cancer. \u0000 \u0000Obviously, mammography screening has saved many lives and has changed the clinical feature from locally advance to early stages. Comparing the trends of clinical staging of breast cancer before and after national screening program has confirmed this idea.In addition, recently, many researches have focused on the harm of mammography screening for example, the 2016, 352: bmj h 6967 reported that the harms of mammography screening outweigh its benefits. \u0000 \u0000The member of cancer who died from breast cancer and other malignancies are not significantly different but the number of false diagnosis, harmful treatment, and the member of over treatment from non-progressive malignancies are significantly higher in the screening group. \u0000 \u0000Here, I try to say something different about the benefits or harms of screening. Sometimes the definition of screening and its goal should be changed, for example in developing countries some kind of screening for breast cancer maybe efficient which are different from well- known mammography screening. \u0000 \u0000In Iran about 40% of breast cancer cases are locally advanced as metastatic. Many of these cases are related to primary tumor size. \u0000 \u0000Changing the community knowledge and health crew expertise will change this feature, and early stages with easier treatments and better prognosis will appear. Of course the subject of time will remain a challenging issue. \u0000 \u0000We will discuss more in the next issue.","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1e/3d/ijcp-09-02-6633.PMC4951765.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34334527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Islamic Perspective of Spiritual Intervention Effectiveness on Bio-Psychological Health Displayed by Gene Expression in Breast Cancer Patients.","authors":"Leili Hosseini,&nbsp;Farah Lotfi Kashani,&nbsp;Somayeh Akbari,&nbsp;Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari,&nbsp;Saeedeh Sarafraz Mehr","doi":"10.17795/ijcp-6360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17795/ijcp-6360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During the last two decades, there have been spiritual/religious interventions in cancer patients to prevent or treat a range of physical problems, including managing chronic pain, coping with the disease, boosting hope and mental health. Although societies are of different faiths and belief systems, what they all share is spirituality.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Upon this we put forward the hypothesis of changes in gene receptor expressions as a result of spiritual intervention for the first time in the world.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this study, the spiritual intervention was conducted on 57 volunteer females with early breast cancer involvement. Blood samples were collected prior to and after the spiritual intervention to analyze the changes in dopamine gene receptor expressions as the main site of effect. In order to administer the spiritual intervention backed by Quran, Islam and international standards, issues, with emphasis on peace, human growth and perfection, accepting God as an eternal source of power and kindness to build trust and reduce stress, were selected. They included prayer, patience, reliance, self-sacrifice and forgiveness, altruism and kindness, remission and repentance, thankfulness, zikr (mantra), meditation, and death concept.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Obtained results from peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples analyzed by real time-PCR showed significant reduction in dopamine gene receptor (DRD1-5) expressions in comparison with those of pre-test scores and the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Spiritual intervention based on Islamic principals can bring back mental health, increase hope and quality of life and eventually change dopamine gene receptor expressions resulting in reduction of cell proliferation, thus better prevention and management in breast cancer patients compared to other forms of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":73510,"journal":{"name":"Iranian journal of cancer prevention","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.17795/ijcp-6360","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34334526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}